Q2: Motivation Emotion Stress 2

Question 1

Emotion

Answer 1

psychological responses of the whole organism involving an interplay among the physiological arousal, expressive behaviors, and conscious experience.

Question 2

James-Lange Theory of Emotion

Answer 2

States our body responds to stimuli then the physiological response of the body goes to the brain and makes us feel emotion.
stimulus->response->emotion
“i feel afraid bcs my heart is pounding”

Question 3

Cannon Bard Theory of Emotion

Answer 3

states our body responds physiologically to a stimulus at the same time we experience emotions.
stimulus->response/emotions
“the dog makes me feel afraid and my heart is pounding”

Question 4

Schacter-Singer (Two Factor) Theory of Emotion

Answer 4

states our body responds physiologically to a stimulus and we cognitively interpret the physical state to feel emotion
stimulus->response/cognitive appraisal->emotion
“my pounding heart means i’m afraid because i interpret the situation as dangerous.”

Question 5

Lazarus Cognitive Mediated Theory of Emotion

Answer 5

states our brain evaluates a stimulus and that will determine how we physiologically and emotionally respond.
stimulus->appraisal->response/emotion
“i like dogs, so i’m excited to have a dog running to me”

Question 6

Basic Emotions

Answer 6

by Caroll Izard. joy, excitement, surprise, sadness, anger, disgust, contempt, fear, shame, guilt. all are actually very similar in the body, which is why polygraphs aren’t trustworthy, really.

Question 7

Expressing Emotions

Answer 7

facial expressions for basic emotions are common in the world (gestures are different). facial feedback effect.

Question 8

Facial Feedback Effect

Answer 8

Shows that our facial expressions can trigger emotional feelings and signal our body to respond accordingly. we mimic others’ expressions which helps us empathize.

Question 9

Stress

Answer 9

complex set of reactions made by an individual under pressure to adapt.

Question 10

stressors

Answer 10

sources of stress –– frustration, conflict, life events

Question 11

frustration

Answer 11

blocking of a goal directed behavior. environmental/social, or personal.

Question 12

Environmental/Social Frustration

Answer 12

caused by something or someone in the environment

Question 13

Personal Frustration

Answer 13

caused by self

Question 14

Conflict

Answer 14

occurs when a person must choose between incompatible goals/alternatives

Question 15

positive goal

Answer 15

work towards

Question 16

negative goal

Answer 16

work away from

Question 17

Approach-Approach Conflict

Answer 17

must choose between two positive alternatives

Question 18

Avoidance-Avoidance Conflict

Answer 18

must choose between two negative goals

Question 19

Approach-Avoidance Conflict

Answer 19

working toward something but it has negative costs

Question 20

Multiple Approach-Avoidance Conflict

Answer 20

must choose between several alternatives, both with positive and negative aspects (a pros and cons list)

Question 21

Life Induced Stress

Answer 21

Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS). Hassles Scale.

Question 22

Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS)

Answer 22

stress results whenever life situations change. positive correlation between SRRS scenes and incidence of illness and disease.

Question 23

Hassles Scale

Answer 23

measures smaller, less dramatic life events. hassles sometimes caused by pleasant and desired stressors. better predictor of symptoms such as anxiety and depression than the SRRS.

Question 24

Individual Differences

Answer 24

people react in different ways to stress. “Hardy Personalities” will handle stress the best: see challenge as opportunity, control what they can control, and are actively engaged in life.

Question 25

Learned Helplessness

Answer 25

Giving up when a task seems impossible.

Question 26

Physiological Reactions

Answer 26

GAS. fight or flight. biological and psychological problems.

Question 27

General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)

Answer 27

physiological responses to chronic stressors. 1: alarm 2: resistance 3: exhaustion. body’s resistance to stress can only last so long before exhaustion sets in. often causes sicknesses.

Question 28

Cortisol

Answer 28

released in fight or flight: suppresses immune system.

Question 29

coping with stress

Answer 29

most effective way is to learn from stress.
-learn new way to obtain goal
-learn to modify goal
-learn to escape from conflict
-learn to avoid conflict

Question 30

ineffective coping strategies

Answer 30

procrastination, aggression (caused by frustration), anxiety (disorder caused by stress)

Question 31

Biofeedback

Answer 31

process of providing info to an individual about one’s bodily processes which are used to modify behavior-heart rate monitor. (meditation, relaxation, training, art, etc.)