Q4: Structure/Function of the Brain Flashcards
SAME
Sensory, Afferent, Motor, Efferent
^ to the brain ^ away from the brain
Medulla
life support (heart and breath)
-cross laterality (right and left brain)
Pons
sleep regulation/alertness
Cerebellum
movement/motor commands
Reticular Formation
filter sensory stimuli (works with pons to regulate what comes through while you sleep)
Basal Ganglia
movement (degenerated with Parkinson’s disease/PD, degenerates dopamine/DA)
Limbic System
emotion, memory (Amygdala, hippocampus, hypothalamus)
Amygdala
emotional processing (fear!)
Hippocampus
memory (patient H.M.)
Hypothalamus
Drives, master regulator. Pituitary gland (endocrine system).
Thalamus
post office of the brain
Corpus Callosum
connection between left and right hemispheres
Cerebral Cortex
(left/right hemispheres).
large outer covering of the brain that is the seat of voluntary action + cognitive function.
left hemisphere
controls the right side of the body.
language.
right hemisphere
controls the left side of the body.
hemispherectomy
involves surgically removing an entire hemisphere of the brain.
Split brain procedure
involves surgically removing/cutting the corpus callosum
Frontal Lobe
involved in planning and motor control (motor cortex)
parietal lobe
involved in sensation and body image (somatosensory cortex)
occipital lobe
involved in visual processing
temporal lobe
involved in hearing, memory, learning, and emotion
Broca’s area
speech production
Wernicke’s area
understanding language
Aphasia
language difficulty
Broca’s aphasia
can understand language but has difficulty speaking fluently
Wernicke’s aphasia
cannot understand language but has the ability to speak fluently (words may not make complete sense together)
