T4: Triangles of the neck

Question 1

What contributes to the carotid sheath?

RFA

Answer 1

Superficial fascia

Deep Fascia
1.  Superficial (investing) layer
2. Middle (pretracheal) layer
. Visceral fascia 
    -Pretracheal fascia
     - Buccopharyngeal fascia
3. Deep( prevertebral) layer

Question 2

A man is jump in an alley and stabbed in the neck through the carotid sheath. What is damaged?

A. Subclavian vein
B. Transverse cervical artery
C. Brachial Plexus
D. Vagus Nerve

RFA

Answer 2

D. Vagus Nerve- the contents of the carotid sheath are the

Vagus nerve, Internal Jugular vein and the common carotid artery

Question 3

A man has difficulty eating and drinking it is found that his geniohyoid muscle has lost innervation. Which other muscle has likely also lost inveration as well?

A. Sternohyoid
B. Sternothyroid
C. Thyrohyoid
D. Omohyoid

RFA

Answer 3

C. Thyrohyoid- share C1 travels that travel along the hypoglossal nerve

A. B. D -all other infrahyoid muscles are innervated by ansa cervicalis

Question 4

Should an infection arise in the thyroid, it would be contained to prevent the spread of infection by which cervical fascia? (MG)
A. Buccopharyngeal
B. Pretracheal
C. Infrahyoid
D. Superficial

Answer 4

B. Pretracheal

This layer surrounds the thyroid as well as extends superiorly and posteriorly along the front of the trachea.

Question 5

The cervical plexus is associated with the \_\_\_\_\_\_ triangle and involves nerves \_\_\_\_\_. (MG)
A. Anterior C1-C4
B. Anterior C5-C7
C. Posterior C1-C4
D. Posterior C5-C7

Answer 5

C. Posterior C1-C4

Question 6

\_\_\_\_ muscles depress the hyoid whereas \_\_\_\_ muscles elevate the hyoid. (MG)
A. Infrahyoid, suprahyoid
B. Lower hyoid, upper hyoid
C . Ventral hyoid, dorsal hyoid
D. Caudal hyoid, rostral hyoid

Answer 6

A. Infrahyoid, suprahyoid

Infrahyoid muscles:
sternohyoid, thyrohyoid, sternothyroid, omohyoid

Suprahyoid muscles:
mylohyoid, stylohyoid, posterior and ant bellies of digastric, geniohyoid

Question 7

A patients geniohyoid is being constantly contracted and giving his trouble breathing. A surgeon decides the best course of action is to cut the c1 ansa cervicalis fibers to stop his problems. Which of the following symptoms would be seen if the surgeon was to accidentally cut a different nerve running along with the fibers? (mm)

A) liquid will pour out the side of his lips when drinking
B) the jaw would not be able to protrude
C) The tongue will not be able to protrude
D) the Uvula will be deviated

Answer 7

Answer - C

CN XII runs along with he c1 fibers of ansa cervicalis. cutting the CN XII would ruin innervation to the tongue

Question 8

The inferior thyroid drains into the ____? (mm)

A) Internal Jugular
B) External Jugular
C) Internal Carotid
D) Subclavian Vein
E) The Brachiocephalic vein

Answer 8

Answer E

Superior and middle drain into IJV

Question 9

A Bull fighter is stabbed directly in the scalene gap by a butter knife because he was caught in bed with a women by his husband. What is mostly likely injured? (mm)

A) Brachial Plexus
B) Subclavian Artery 
C) Subclavian vein
D) Inferior Thyroid Artery
E) A, B
D) A, B, C
F) All of the above
G) C and D

Answer 9

Answer is E