Drugs and Treatments

Question 1

Treatment Anxiety disorders

Answer 1

CBT

Question 2

Meds for Anxiety

Answer 2

1. Benzos(Gaba agonist)
   - short term use only
2. Antidepressants( Monoamine agonist)

Question 3

Treatments for OCD

Answer 3

1. Behavioral therapy(Exposure and Response Prevention)

Psychosurgery- cingulotomy, capsulotomy

Deep Brain Stimulation

Question 4

Medication for OCD

Answer 4

Antidepressants-SSRIs( increase serotonin)

Question 5

Treatments for PTSD

Answer 5

Supportive therapy

Behavioral therapy

Question 6

Medication for PTSD

Answer 6

Antidepressants

Benzos

Question 7

MDD Treatment

Answer 7

Cognitive Behavioral therapy

ETC ( dont do if have vascular disease)- frontotemporal or bilateral(more effective) -induces seizures

Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic stimulation -prefrontal cortex

Vagus Nerve stimulation

Experimental:
Magnetic stimulation- like rTMS but induces seizures

Deep Brain Stimulation- Subcallosal cingulate white matter

Question 8

Medication MDD

Answer 8

SSRIs(Fluoxetine, GI side effects), SNRIs (Venlafaxine, GI side effects), TCAs ( have heart side effects)

Question 9

Medication BP1 & BP2

Answer 9

Lithium
Anticonvulsants
Antipsychotics

DO NOT GIVE ANTIDEPRESSANTS

Question 10

Medications Delirium

Answer 10

Antipsychotics to treat symptoms

Benzos if caused by alcohol withdrawal

Question 11

Drugs Alzheimer’s

Answer 11

3 cholinesterase inhibitors

• donepezil
• galantamine
• rivastigmine

1 NMDA receptor block
-memantine

All considered ineffective

Antipsychotics- but Black box warning if used

Question 12

Insomnia drugs

Answer 12

Sedatives (diazepam)
only for short use
-reduced slow wave

Benzos (zolpidem

Question 13

Hypersomnolence drugs

Answer 13

Stimulants(modafinil, Provigil)

Question 14

Narcolepsy drugs

Answer 14

Stimulants for somnolence
Antidepressants for cataplexy

Xyrem(sodium oxybate)=gamma hydroxybutyrate-treats both cataplexy and somnolence

Question 15

Medication for sleep apneas

Answer 15

Respiratory stimulants (acetazolamide)

this is secondary to CPAP

Question 16

N-RSAD medication

Answer 16

Benzos to decrease Slow wave sleep

Question 17

Nightmare disorder medication

Answer 17

Antidepressants to decrease REM sleep

Question 18

REM Sleep Behavior Disorder Medications

Answer 18

Benzo(Clonazepam)

NOTE: this disease is noted by violent movements and talking in REM sleep and is associated with Parkinson’s and Lewy body

Question 19

Restless legs medications

Answer 19

Anti-parkinson’s drugs to increase Dopamine

Can also give benzos and anticonvulsants

Question 20

Traditional Antipsychotics

Answer 20

Chlorpromazine( 1st one used)
Haloperidol

D2 Receptor antagonist

Improves positive symptoms

Question 21

Side Effects of Traditional Antipsychotics

Answer 21

Extrapyramidal Syndrome (EPS)

• Dystonia
• Parkinsonism
• Akathisia (excessive movements)
• Tardive Dyskinesia(repetitive purposeless movements)

Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome(NMS)

• tachycardia
• delirium
• extreme rigidity
• death

PS all antipsychotics
are associated with 
*weight gain 
*sedation 
*sexual dysfunction

Question 22

Atypical Antipsychotics

Answer 22

Clozaril
Risperidone
Olanzapine

Antagonist of D2,D3,D2 and 5HT2A receptors

Improves positive and negative symptoms

Decreased risk of EPS

Question 23

Treatment of Schizophrenia

Answer 23

Psychotherapy

ECT- for catatonic type

NO PSYCHOSURGERY

Question 24

Treatment for Personality disorders

Answer 24

CBT

Question 25

Special treatment for Borderline disorder

Answer 25

Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) Focuses on self-acceptance and cognitive-behavioral techniques

Question 26

Dopamine receptor blocker

Answer 26

Haloperidol-reduces the rewarding effect

Question 27

Meds for Alcohol(sedative) withdrawal

Answer 27

Diazepam- Anti-convulsive Haloperidol- Anti psychotic Clonidin- Anti Adrenergic

Question 28

Disulfiram

Answer 28

(Antabuse) | Inhibits enzyme that breaks down acetaldehyde (ALDH not this makes high NADH to NAD+ ratio)

Question 29

Naltrexone

Answer 29

(Revia) Opioid receptor blocker reduces pleasure of drinking

Question 30

Acamprosate

Answer 30

(Campral) NMDA receptor antagonist Reduces anhedonia of protracted abstinence, decreased alcohol craving

Question 31

Bupropion & Varenicline

Answer 31

(Zyban) and (Chantix) Used for Nicotine addiction, both have black box warnings increased risk of suicide and erratic behavior

Question 32

Naloxone

Answer 32

Short acting opioid antagonist used for acute OD

Question 33

Naltrexone

Answer 33

Long acting opioid receptor blocker to block opioid effect if relapse occurs

Question 34

Methadone

Answer 34

used in Opioid replacement schedule II drug only available at OTP

Question 35

Buprenophine

Answer 35

used in Opioid replacement can be prescribed

Question 36

Suboxone

Answer 36

Buprenorphine+naloxone