Drugs and Treatments Flashcards
Treatment Anxiety disorders
CBT
Meds for Anxiety
- Benzos(Gaba agonist)
- short term use only - Antidepressants( Monoamine agonist)
Treatments for OCD
- Behavioral therapy(Exposure and Response Prevention)
Psychosurgery- cingulotomy, capsulotomy
Deep Brain Stimulation
Medication for OCD
Antidepressants-SSRIs( increase serotonin)
Treatments for PTSD
Supportive therapy
Behavioral therapy
Medication for PTSD
Antidepressants
Benzos
MDD Treatment
Cognitive Behavioral therapy
ETC ( dont do if have vascular disease)- frontotemporal or bilateral(more effective) -induces seizures
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic stimulation -prefrontal cortex
Vagus Nerve stimulation
Experimental:
Magnetic stimulation- like rTMS but induces seizures
Deep Brain Stimulation- Subcallosal cingulate white matter
Medication MDD
SSRIs(Fluoxetine, GI side effects), SNRIs (Venlafaxine, GI side effects), TCAs ( have heart side effects)
Medication BP1 & BP2
Lithium
Anticonvulsants
Antipsychotics
DO NOT GIVE ANTIDEPRESSANTS
Medications Delirium
Antipsychotics to treat symptoms
Benzos if caused by alcohol withdrawal
Drugs Alzheimer’s
3 cholinesterase inhibitors
- donepezil
- galantamine
- rivastigmine
1 NMDA receptor block
-memantine
All considered ineffective
Antipsychotics- but Black box warning if used
Insomnia drugs
Sedatives (diazepam)
only for short use
-reduced slow wave
Benzos (zolpidem
Hypersomnolence drugs
Stimulants(modafinil, Provigil)
Narcolepsy drugs
Stimulants for somnolence
Antidepressants for cataplexy
Xyrem(sodium oxybate)=gamma hydroxybutyrate-treats both cataplexy and somnolence
Medication for sleep apneas
Respiratory stimulants (acetazolamide)
this is secondary to CPAP
N-RSAD medication
Benzos to decrease Slow wave sleep
Nightmare disorder medication
Antidepressants to decrease REM sleep
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder Medications
Benzo(Clonazepam)
NOTE: this disease is noted by violent movements and talking in REM sleep and is associated with Parkinson’s and Lewy body
Restless legs medications
Anti-parkinson’s drugs to increase Dopamine
Can also give benzos and anticonvulsants
Traditional Antipsychotics
Chlorpromazine( 1st one used)
Haloperidol
D2 Receptor antagonist
Improves positive symptoms
Side Effects of Traditional Antipsychotics
Extrapyramidal Syndrome (EPS)
- Dystonia
- Parkinsonism
- Akathisia (excessive movements)
- Tardive Dyskinesia(repetitive purposeless movements)
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome(NMS)
- tachycardia
- delirium
- extreme rigidity
- death
PS all antipsychotics are associated with *weight gain *sedation *sexual dysfunction
Atypical Antipsychotics
Clozaril
Risperidone
Olanzapine
Antagonist of D2,D3,D2 and 5HT2A receptors
Improves positive and negative symptoms
Decreased risk of EPS
Treatment of Schizophrenia
Psychotherapy
ECT- for catatonic type
NO PSYCHOSURGERY
Treatment for Personality disorders
CBT
Special treatment for Borderline disorder
Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT)
Focuses on self-acceptance and cognitive-behavioral techniques
Dopamine receptor blocker
Haloperidol-reduces the rewarding effect
Meds for Alcohol(sedative) withdrawal
Diazepam- Anti-convulsive
Haloperidol- Anti psychotic
Clonidin- Anti Adrenergic
Disulfiram
(Antabuse)
Inhibits enzyme that breaks down acetaldehyde (ALDH not this makes high NADH to NAD+ ratio)
Naltrexone
(Revia)
Opioid receptor blocker
reduces pleasure of drinking
Acamprosate
(Campral)
NMDA receptor antagonist
Reduces anhedonia of protracted abstinence, decreased alcohol craving
Bupropion & Varenicline
(Zyban) and (Chantix)
Used for Nicotine addiction, both have black box warnings increased risk of suicide and erratic behavior
Naloxone
Short acting opioid antagonist used for acute OD
Naltrexone
Long acting opioid receptor blocker to block opioid effect if relapse occurs
Methadone
used in Opioid replacement schedule II drug only available at OTP
Buprenophine
used in Opioid replacement can be prescribed
Suboxone
Buprenorphine+naloxone
