T1: General Morphology & Surface Structure Flashcards
Which lobe is covered by the opercular areas of the frontal, temporal, and parietal lobes? (MG) A. Insular lobe B. Occipital lobe C. Limbic lobe D. Paracentral lobe
A. Insular Lobe
btw paracentral lobe isn’t a thing…. paracentral lobule is and it’s the anterior paragentral gyrus + posterior paracentral gyrus and surrounds the medial central sulcus
What are the cranial nerves of the metencephalon? (MG)
V, VI, VII, VIII
Brodmann area 44 is the _____ while area 45 is the _____. Together they make up which area? (MG)
A. Pars reticularis, primary motor cortex, Wernicke’s area
B. Pars opercularis, pars triangularis, Broca’s area
C. Pars Triangularis, Pars opercularis, Wernicke’s area
D. Primary motor cortex, Pars reticularis, Broca’s area
B. Pars opercularis, pars triangularis, Broca’s area
If there is an CNS lesion/dmg symptoms will appear ____ and if there is an PNS lesion/dmg symptoms will appear ____? (mm)
A) Ipsilaterally, Ipsilaterally
B) Ipsilaterally, Contra-laterally
C) Contra-laterally, Ipsilaterally
D) Contra-laterally, Contra-laterally
Answer is C - Contra-laterally , Ipsilaterally
What is needed bilaterally for hearing? What is its associated broadmann number? (mm)
A) Pars Opercularis, 44 B) Platnum Temporale, 22 C) A Large Donger, 69 D) Tegmentum, 40 E) Transverse Temporal Gyrus of Heschl, 41
Answer E- Temporal Gyrus of Heschl, 41 is also known as the primary auditory cortex and is needed bilaterally.
A is the 44 part of brocas area
B is part of wernkies area, 22 is associated
D is the roof of the pons which lays dorsal to the basilar pons.
The fourth part of the corticospinal tract route is which?
(mm)
A) Medullary Pyramid B) Crus Cerebri C) Basilar Pons D) Internal Capsule E) Corona Radiata
Answer is C - Basilar Pons
Corticospinal tract is as follows:
- Corona Radiata (telencephalon)
- Internal Capsule (telencephalon)
- Crus Cerebri (midbrain)
- Basilar Pons
- Medullary Pyramid
- Decussation at caudal end of #5
- Lateral corticospinal tract in spinal cord
You are working a late shift at the ER. Three knife jugglers run in a panic. One of there friends was struck by a knife and in the head and is now acting weird. You examine the man and ask him “Do you know what happened?” He quickly and fluidy replies back “knife fly watermelon and the women to taco belong sixty my brown.” Which area is most likely damaged?
A. Pons
B. Amygdala
C. Wernicke’s Area
D. Broca’s Area
RFA
C. Wernicke’s Area- patients with damaged wernicke’s area can speak fluidly but it will be nonsense since compression center of the brain is damage.
Pons- a patients with damage to the Pons would likely be in severe respiratory distress and could not talk since the pons is a relay for many basic functions from the Cerebellum.
Amygdala- is more associated with fear response
Broca’s Area- if Broca’s area is damaged the patient will have “broken speech” shown by having a hard time producing words but the fews words they do produce will make sense
Which of these is a sensory cortex? A. Septum Pellucidum B.Anterior Paracentral Gyrus C. Posterior Paracentral Gyrus D.Parahippocampal Gyrus
RFA
C. Posterior Paracentral, is sensory
Septum Pellucidum-separates the lateral ventricles
Anterior Paracentral Gyrus- motor
Parahippocampal Gyrus- memory encoding and retrieval
A construction worker is careless using a nail gun and ends up shooting a nail superior to his eye. Which area of the brain has the nail most likely lodged into.
A. Uncus B. Lingual Gyrus C. Tegmentum D. Cuneus E. Olfactory Sulcus F. Fornix
RFA
E. Olfactory Sulcus- since the nail was shoot superior to the nail would most likely lodge into a structure in the frontal lobe and this is the only frontal lobe structure listed.
Uncus- too deep and inferior
Lingual Gyrus- associated with the Occipital lobe
Tegmentum- the walls the 4 ventricle and the basilar pons and would be to far inferior
Cuneus- associated with the Occipital lobe
Fornix- is deep to the Corpus Callosum.
Which of the following structures is rostral to Wernike’s area, separated by the Planum Temporale?
A) Gyri of Heschl B) Cingulate Gyrus C) Lamina Terminalis D) Area Postrema E) Parahippocampal Gyrus
FA
A) The Gyri of Heschi is often referred to as the auditory cortex and is separated from Wernike’s area via the Planum Temporale
The Cingulate gyrus is deep and stretches around the corpus callosum
Lamina terminalis is just superior to the optic chiasim
Area Posterma is a portion of the medulla - It controls vommiting
Parahippocampal gyrus is deep and inferior to Wernike’s area
A patient is rushed to the ER after a car accident. Due to damage to his spinal cord, it is discovered that the patent has become paraplegic. Which of the following tracts conducts sensory information? A) Rubrospinal tract B) Corticospinal tract C) Spinothalamic tract D) Vestibulospinal Tract E) Corticobulbar tract
FA
C) The spinothalamic tract is a sensory tract. The Dorsal-column Medial-lemiscus tract is the other sensory spinal tract
The other tracts listed are motor.
Which of the following structures are considered part of the olfactory cortex?
A) Pars Triangularis B) Pyriform Cortex C) Superior Colliculi D) Mammillary bodies E) Gyri Rectus
FA
B) Pyriform Cortex
the Olfactory Cortex is composed of the pyriform cortex, periamygdaloid cortex, entorhinal cortex
Motor fibers running through the crus cerebri form the:
A) Oculomotor nerve
B) Pyramids
C) Gyrus rectus
D) Olfactory bulb
B) Pyramids
