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systemic infections II Flashcards

1
Q

anaplasma spp. general chracteristics

A
  • family anaplasmatacea
  • obligate intracell
  • 2 membranes no cell wall
  • no lipopolysacharides
  • stain gram neg but not surely gram neg
  • shape = round
  • obligate aerobes or microaerophilic
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2
Q

anaplasma spp. carriers

A

infected animals

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3
Q

anaplasma spp. transmission

A

ticks and other blood sucking arthropods

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4
Q

anaplasmosis phagocytophilum infect what cells

A

granulocytes or monocytes

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5
Q

anaplasmosis phagocytophilum in who

A
  • dogs and horses
  • affects horses > 3yrs
  • zoonotic (ppl get from wild reserviurs like animals do)
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6
Q

anaplasmosis phagocytophilium signs

A
  • fever, inappetence, lethargy, lameness
  • thrombocytopenia -> bleeding tendencies (this occurs later on)
  • many dogs sero pos w/o signs
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7
Q

anaplasmosis phagocytophilum spread by

A

ixodes ticks

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8
Q

anaplasmosis species of interest systemic infections

A
  • Anaplasmosis phagocytophilum
  • Anaplasmosis platys
  • anaplasma marginale
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9
Q

anaplasmosis platys dx in who

A

dogs

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10
Q

anaplasmosis platys signs

A
  • mild often no signs

- thrombocytopenia often w/ no signs

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11
Q

anaplasmosis platys spread by

A

rhiphocephalus ticks can also spread E canis if coinfection -> more severe dx

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12
Q

anaplasmosis dog dignosis

A

snap 4dx

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13
Q

anaplasmosis marginal affects who

A
  • ruminants (older animals, younger animals dnt see signs of dx)
  • REPORTABLE
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14
Q

anaplasmosis marginalis pathogen

A
  • infects erythrocytes -> these mult in abc then exocytose then infect other rbcs in body of same animal -> infected cells = removed by phagocytosis
  • spread by dermacentor ticks
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15
Q

anaplasmosis marginalis signs

A
  • anemia

- abortion

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16
Q

anaplasmosis spp. diagnoses

A
  • bld smear for intracell bacteria also see morulae of Anaplasmosis phagocytophilum seen on bld smear (vacuoles w/ mult bacteria); these on edge rbc
  • serology (4dx for dog A. phagocytophilum and A. platys)
    pcr
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17
Q

tx anaplasmosis

A

tetracycline

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18
Q

control anaplasmosis

A
  • Anaplasma marginal or Analplasma centrale liv vac to young aniamls
  • can give young anaplasma marginal bc young animals dnt get the dx
  • tick control
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19
Q

mycoplasma haemofelis general charactersitics

A
  • pleomorphic
  • lack outer membrane and cell wall
  • membrane contains cholesterole
  • very host specific
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20
Q

mycoplasma haemofelis pathogen

A
  • surface parasite of feline erythrocytes

- infected cells removed by phagocytosis (no overt rbc lysis)

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21
Q

mycoplasma haemofelis -> what in who

A
  • anemia in cats and icterus
  • can be infected w/o signs
  • stress -> clin signs
  • 1/3rd cases fatal
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22
Q

mycoplasma haemofelis diagnosis

A
  • organism seen in bld smears

- PCR of blood

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23
Q

mycoplasma haemofelis vs other mycoplasma sepecies

A
  • mycoplasma haemofelis diff than traditional mycoplasma which are extracellular on mucosal surfaces these are extraceulluar on surface rbcs
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24
Q

mycoplasma haemofelis control

A
  • tx tetracycline to dec clin signs (once have carry for life)
  • prevent stress (bc dz reemerges in times of stress)
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25
Q

mycoplasma suis pathogenesis

A
  • cell surface parasite of erythrocyte

- infected cells removed by phagocytes

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26
Q

mycoplasma haemofelis transmission

A
  • transmission bloodborne- blood sucking arthropods, fighting
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27
Q

mycoplasma suis transmission

A
  • blood borne: house louse, instruments
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28
Q

mycoplasma suis -> what

A

infectious anemia of pigs (specifically fever pigs 6-12 weeks), icterus

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29
Q

mycoplasma suis diagnosis

A

organisms can be seen in bld smears

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30
Q

mycoplasma suis control

A
  • tx tetracycleine (control clinical signs doesn’t eliminate)
  • control hog lice, reduce stress (overt dx seen in animals with stress)
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31
Q

hemotropic mycoplasma spp.

A
  • mycoplasma haemofelis
  • mycoplasma suis
  • mycoplasma wenyonii
  • mycoplasma ovis
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32
Q

mycoplasma wenyonii causes what in who

A
  • anemia, lymphadenopathy, drop in milk production in cows
33
Q

mycoplasma ovis causes what in who

A
  • anemia, lymphadenopathy, drop in milk production in sheep
34
Q

mycoplasma weyonii pathogenesis

A
  • cell surface parasite of erythorcyes

- transmission = bloodborne- blood sucking arthropods

35
Q

mycoplasma ovis pathogenesis

A
  • cell surface parasite of erythorcytes

- transmission = bloodborne- blood sucking arthropods

36
Q

mycoplasma weyonii tx

A
  • tetracycle (dec bacterial load doesn’t eliminate completely)
37
Q

mycoplasma ovis tx

A

-tetracycle (dec bacterial load doesn’t eliminate completely)

38
Q

borellia burgdorferi general characteristics

A
  • spirochetes
  • stain gram neg (not true gram neg bc 2 membranes w/ peptidoglycan layer btwn no lps)
  • v thin hard to see on gram stain
  • microaerophilic
  • motile
39
Q

borellia burgdorferi staining

A
  • would stain gram neg but v thin

- use silver stain or dark field microscopy

40
Q

borrelia burgdorferi transmission

A

ixodes ticks (can get phagocytosis with anaplasma phagocytophilum)

41
Q

borrelia burgdoerferi -> what in who

A

lyme dx

  • dogs
  • horses
  • zoonotic (ppl get dx from same wild reserviour that dogs and horses get it from)
42
Q

lyme dx life cycle

A
  • ixodes overwinter on deer so found where deer are

- deer dont get lyme

43
Q

reserviours for lyme dx

A
  • NOT deer (ticks live on deer but deer dont get lyme so not a reserviour)
  • rodents and birds = reserviour
44
Q

lyme dx in dogs signs

A
  • causative agent borellia burgdorferi
  • poly arthritis, shifting lamness
  • fever, anorexia
  • some breeds renal dx
  • may serapes with no signs
45
Q

lyme dx signs horse

A
  • shifting lamness

- ocular and neural involvement -> ataxia

46
Q

borellia burgdorferi pathogenic mechanisms

A
  • tick feeds on host -> bacteria changing surface protein expression and moving into salivary gland (take blood meal turn off adhesion for tick gut and change expression to outer surface protein c allowing bacteria to move into salivary gland where can be transmitted which is why it takes 36-48 hrs to transmit infectious dose of this bacteria)
  • bacteria avoid detection by host immune system
  • damage bc induction of inflam response
47
Q

how does borellia burgdorferi evade host immune system

A
  • down-regulate outer membrane protein synth
  • antigenic variation of some outer membrane proteins
  • hide in connective tissue
48
Q

borellia burgdorferi diagonsis

A
  • pcr (only if know where animal was bitten or synovial fluid this isn’t a very reliable way)
  • serology (can show exposure serologically with no clinical signs)
49
Q

control borellia burgdoerferi

A
  • antibiotics (doesn’t work well if animal has renal signs)
  • tick control
  • lyme vac
50
Q

mycoplasma hyorhinis general characteristics

A
  • pleomorphic
  • stain gram neg- lack outer membrane and cell wall, not truly gram neg
  • membrane contains cholesterol
  • fac an
  • natural inhabitant of mucous membranes
51
Q

mycoplasma hyosynoviae general characteristics

A
  • pleomorphic
  • stain gram neg- lack outer membrane and cell wall, not truly gram neg
  • membrane contains cholesterol
  • fac an
  • natural inhabitant of mucous membranes
52
Q

mycoplasma hyorhinis causes what in who

A
  • polyserositis, most severe arthritis in pigs (peak about 7 weeks of age)
  • fever, listless, inapetance
53
Q

mycoplasma hyosynoviae causes what in who

A
  • arthritis pigs 12-24 weeks

- transient arthritis, delay in weight gain but tend to get better

54
Q

mycoplasma hyosynoviae tx

A
  • respond well to antibiotics
55
Q

mycoplasma synoviae general characteristics

A
  • pleomorphic
  • stain gram neg- lack outer membrane and cell wall, not truly gram neg
  • membrane contains cholesterol
  • fac an
  • natural inhabitant of mucous membranes
  • REPORTABLE
56
Q

mycoplasma synoviae causes what in who

A
  • REPORTABLE
  • synovitis in chickens and turkeys
  • lameness, retarded growth
  • listlessness, dehydration
57
Q

mycoplasma bovis, mycoplasma spumans, mycoplasma putrefaciens general characteristics

A
  • pleomorphic
  • stain gram neg- lack outer membrane and cell wall, not truly gram neg
  • membrane contains cholesterol
  • fac an
  • natural inhabitant of mucous membranes
58
Q

mycoplasma agalactiae general characteristics

A
  • pleomorphic
  • stain gram neg- lack outer membrane and cell wall, not truly gram neg
  • membrane contains cholesterol
  • fac an
  • natural inhabitant of mucous membranes
  • REPORTABLE
59
Q

mycoplasma bovis causes what in who

A
  • arthritis in cases of stress in cattle
60
Q

mycoplasma spumans causes what in who

A
  • arthritis in cases of stress in dogs
61
Q

mycoplasma putrefaciens causes what in who

A
  • arthritis in cases of stress in goats
62
Q

mycoplasma agalactiae cause what in who

A
  • REPORTABLE
  • arthritis in cases of stress in goats
  • also causes mastitis in goats
63
Q

mycoplasma bovis, mycoplasma spumans, mycoplasma putrefaciens, mycoplasma agalactiae control

A
  • dont respond well to abs

- prevent stress and stay on mucosal surfaces where they should stay

64
Q

main systemic dxs carried by ixodies ticks

A
  • anaplasma phagocytophilum

- borellia burgdorphia

65
Q

chlamydia pecorum general charcteristics

A
  • small round
  • gram neg
  • obligate aerobe
  • obligate intra cell
66
Q

chlamydia pecorum natural inhabitant of where

A
  • mucosal surfaces (resp tract, digestive tract, genital tract)
67
Q

chlamydia pecorum transmission

A
  • contact
68
Q

chlamydia decorum causes what in who

A

lambs polyarthritis

69
Q

chlamydia pecorum diagnosis

A
  • inclusions IDed in stained patient specimens, serology
70
Q

chlamydia pecorum tx

A
  • tetracyline
71
Q

haemophilus parasuis general chracteristics

A
  • gram neg
  • bacillus
  • fac anaerobe
  • do not survive in enivorment for extended period of time
72
Q

haemophilus parasuis natural inhabitant of

A

swine nasopharynx

73
Q

haemophilus parasuis -> what in who

A
  • glassers dx in pigs
74
Q

glassers dx

A
  • polyseriositis
  • polyarthritis
  • meningitis
75
Q

glassers dx endemic herds

A
  • sporadic dx (not common dx animal has to be weak and be affected by stress when see dx signs) (large numbers will not be effected this is v sporadic dx)
  • affects a lot of systemics: resp, neuro, lamness, paralytic signs, poor performers, c+, dyspnea, weight loss, drought hair coat
76
Q

glassers dx high health status herds

A
  • big issue here bc vector not found so all naive so if bacteria introduced every animal susceptible and can come down with severe dx
  • dx everywhere ( fibrinopurulent exudates along peritoneum, pericardium, pleura, joints, meningitis); cyanosis of extremities
77
Q

diagnosis of glassers dx

A
  • herd hx
  • clin signs
  • necropsy
  • HARD TO CULTURE dont culture urt bc commensals there
78
Q

haemophilus parasuis control

A
  • anitnbiotics (reduce bacteria dnt eliminate it)

- vac (commercial or herd-specific bacterins bc lots of diff serotypes)

block 4 (23 decks)

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