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systemic infections II Flashcards

1
Q

anaplasma spp. general chracteristics

A
  • family anaplasmatacea
  • obligate intracell
  • 2 membranes no cell wall
  • no lipopolysacharides
  • stain gram neg but not surely gram neg
  • shape = round
  • obligate aerobes or microaerophilic
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2
Q

anaplasma spp. carriers

A

infected animals

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3
Q

anaplasma spp. transmission

A

ticks and other blood sucking arthropods

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4
Q

anaplasmosis phagocytophilum infect what cells

A

granulocytes or monocytes

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5
Q

anaplasmosis phagocytophilum in who

A
  • dogs and horses
  • affects horses > 3yrs
  • zoonotic (ppl get from wild reserviurs like animals do)
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6
Q

anaplasmosis phagocytophilium signs

A
  • fever, inappetence, lethargy, lameness
  • thrombocytopenia -> bleeding tendencies (this occurs later on)
  • many dogs sero pos w/o signs
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7
Q

anaplasmosis phagocytophilum spread by

A

ixodes ticks

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8
Q

anaplasmosis species of interest systemic infections

A
  • Anaplasmosis phagocytophilum
  • Anaplasmosis platys
  • anaplasma marginale
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9
Q

anaplasmosis platys dx in who

A

dogs

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10
Q

anaplasmosis platys signs

A
  • mild often no signs

- thrombocytopenia often w/ no signs

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11
Q

anaplasmosis platys spread by

A

rhiphocephalus ticks can also spread E canis if coinfection -> more severe dx

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12
Q

anaplasmosis dog dignosis

A

snap 4dx

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13
Q

anaplasmosis marginal affects who

A
  • ruminants (older animals, younger animals dnt see signs of dx)
  • REPORTABLE
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14
Q

anaplasmosis marginalis pathogen

A
  • infects erythrocytes -> these mult in abc then exocytose then infect other rbcs in body of same animal -> infected cells = removed by phagocytosis
  • spread by dermacentor ticks
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15
Q

anaplasmosis marginalis signs

A
  • anemia

- abortion

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16
Q

anaplasmosis spp. diagnoses

A
  • bld smear for intracell bacteria also see morulae of Anaplasmosis phagocytophilum seen on bld smear (vacuoles w/ mult bacteria); these on edge rbc
  • serology (4dx for dog A. phagocytophilum and A. platys)
    pcr
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17
Q

tx anaplasmosis

A

tetracycline

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18
Q

control anaplasmosis

A
  • Anaplasma marginal or Analplasma centrale liv vac to young aniamls
  • can give young anaplasma marginal bc young animals dnt get the dx
  • tick control
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19
Q

mycoplasma haemofelis general charactersitics

A
  • pleomorphic
  • lack outer membrane and cell wall
  • membrane contains cholesterole
  • very host specific
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20
Q

mycoplasma haemofelis pathogen

A
  • surface parasite of feline erythrocytes

- infected cells removed by phagocytosis (no overt rbc lysis)

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21
Q

mycoplasma haemofelis -> what in who

A
  • anemia in cats and icterus
  • can be infected w/o signs
  • stress -> clin signs
  • 1/3rd cases fatal
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22
Q

mycoplasma haemofelis diagnosis

A
  • organism seen in bld smears

- PCR of blood

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23
Q

mycoplasma haemofelis vs other mycoplasma sepecies

A
  • mycoplasma haemofelis diff than traditional mycoplasma which are extracellular on mucosal surfaces these are extraceulluar on surface rbcs
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24
Q

mycoplasma haemofelis control

A
  • tx tetracycline to dec clin signs (once have carry for life)
  • prevent stress (bc dz reemerges in times of stress)
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25
mycoplasma suis pathogenesis
- cell surface parasite of erythrocyte | - infected cells removed by phagocytes
26
mycoplasma haemofelis transmission
- transmission bloodborne- blood sucking arthropods, fighting
27
mycoplasma suis transmission
- blood borne: house louse, instruments
28
mycoplasma suis -> what
infectious anemia of pigs (specifically fever pigs 6-12 weeks), icterus
29
mycoplasma suis diagnosis
organisms can be seen in bld smears
30
mycoplasma suis control
- tx tetracycleine (control clinical signs doesn't eliminate) - control hog lice, reduce stress (overt dx seen in animals with stress)
31
hemotropic mycoplasma spp.
- mycoplasma haemofelis - mycoplasma suis - mycoplasma wenyonii - mycoplasma ovis
32
mycoplasma wenyonii causes what in who
- anemia, lymphadenopathy, drop in milk production in cows
33
mycoplasma ovis causes what in who
- anemia, lymphadenopathy, drop in milk production in sheep
34
mycoplasma weyonii pathogenesis
- cell surface parasite of erythorcyes | - transmission = bloodborne- blood sucking arthropods
35
mycoplasma ovis pathogenesis
- cell surface parasite of erythorcytes | - transmission = bloodborne- blood sucking arthropods
36
mycoplasma weyonii tx
- tetracycle (dec bacterial load doesn't eliminate completely)
37
mycoplasma ovis tx
-tetracycle (dec bacterial load doesn't eliminate completely)
38
borellia burgdorferi general characteristics
- spirochetes - stain gram neg (not true gram neg bc 2 membranes w/ peptidoglycan layer btwn no lps) - v thin hard to see on gram stain - microaerophilic - motile
39
borellia burgdorferi staining
- would stain gram neg but v thin | - use silver stain or dark field microscopy
40
borrelia burgdorferi transmission
ixodes ticks (can get phagocytosis with anaplasma phagocytophilum)
41
borrelia burgdoerferi -> what in who
lyme dx - dogs - horses - zoonotic (ppl get dx from same wild reserviour that dogs and horses get it from)
42
lyme dx life cycle
- ixodes overwinter on deer so found where deer are | - deer dont get lyme
43
reserviours for lyme dx
- NOT deer (ticks live on deer but deer dont get lyme so not a reserviour) - rodents and birds = reserviour
44
lyme dx in dogs signs
- causative agent borellia burgdorferi - poly arthritis, shifting lamness - fever, anorexia - some breeds renal dx - may serapes with no signs
45
lyme dx signs horse
- shifting lamness | - ocular and neural involvement -> ataxia
46
borellia burgdorferi pathogenic mechanisms
- tick feeds on host -> bacteria changing surface protein expression and moving into salivary gland (take blood meal turn off adhesion for tick gut and change expression to outer surface protein c allowing bacteria to move into salivary gland where can be transmitted which is why it takes 36-48 hrs to transmit infectious dose of this bacteria) - bacteria avoid detection by host immune system - damage bc induction of inflam response
47
how does borellia burgdorferi evade host immune system
- down-regulate outer membrane protein synth - antigenic variation of some outer membrane proteins - hide in connective tissue
48
borellia burgdorferi diagonsis
- pcr (only if know where animal was bitten or synovial fluid this isn't a very reliable way) - serology (can show exposure serologically with no clinical signs)
49
control borellia burgdoerferi
- antibiotics (doesn't work well if animal has renal signs) - tick control - lyme vac
50
mycoplasma hyorhinis general characteristics
- pleomorphic - stain gram neg- lack outer membrane and cell wall, not truly gram neg - membrane contains cholesterol - fac an - natural inhabitant of mucous membranes
51
mycoplasma hyosynoviae general characteristics
- pleomorphic - stain gram neg- lack outer membrane and cell wall, not truly gram neg - membrane contains cholesterol - fac an - natural inhabitant of mucous membranes
52
mycoplasma hyorhinis causes what in who
- polyserositis, most severe arthritis in pigs (peak about 7 weeks of age) - fever, listless, inapetance
53
mycoplasma hyosynoviae causes what in who
- arthritis pigs 12-24 weeks | - transient arthritis, delay in weight gain but tend to get better
54
mycoplasma hyosynoviae tx
- respond well to antibiotics
55
mycoplasma synoviae general characteristics
- pleomorphic - stain gram neg- lack outer membrane and cell wall, not truly gram neg - membrane contains cholesterol - fac an - natural inhabitant of mucous membranes - REPORTABLE
56
mycoplasma synoviae causes what in who
- REPORTABLE - synovitis in chickens and turkeys - lameness, retarded growth - listlessness, dehydration
57
mycoplasma bovis, mycoplasma spumans, mycoplasma putrefaciens general characteristics
- pleomorphic - stain gram neg- lack outer membrane and cell wall, not truly gram neg - membrane contains cholesterol - fac an - natural inhabitant of mucous membranes
58
mycoplasma agalactiae general characteristics
- pleomorphic - stain gram neg- lack outer membrane and cell wall, not truly gram neg - membrane contains cholesterol - fac an - natural inhabitant of mucous membranes - REPORTABLE
59
mycoplasma bovis causes what in who
- arthritis in cases of stress in cattle
60
mycoplasma spumans causes what in who
- arthritis in cases of stress in dogs
61
mycoplasma putrefaciens causes what in who
- arthritis in cases of stress in goats
62
mycoplasma agalactiae cause what in who
- REPORTABLE - arthritis in cases of stress in goats - also causes mastitis in goats
63
mycoplasma bovis, mycoplasma spumans, mycoplasma putrefaciens, mycoplasma agalactiae control
- dont respond well to abs | - prevent stress and stay on mucosal surfaces where they should stay
64
main systemic dxs carried by ixodies ticks
- anaplasma phagocytophilum | - borellia burgdorphia
65
chlamydia pecorum general charcteristics
- small round - gram neg - obligate aerobe - obligate intra cell
66
chlamydia pecorum natural inhabitant of where
- mucosal surfaces (resp tract, digestive tract, genital tract)
67
chlamydia pecorum transmission
- contact
68
chlamydia decorum causes what in who
lambs polyarthritis
69
chlamydia pecorum diagnosis
- inclusions IDed in stained patient specimens, serology
70
chlamydia pecorum tx
- tetracyline
71
haemophilus parasuis general chracteristics
- gram neg - bacillus - fac anaerobe - do not survive in enivorment for extended period of time
72
haemophilus parasuis natural inhabitant of
swine nasopharynx
73
haemophilus parasuis -> what in who
- glassers dx in pigs
74
glassers dx
- polyseriositis - polyarthritis - meningitis
75
glassers dx endemic herds
- sporadic dx (not common dx animal has to be weak and be affected by stress when see dx signs) (large numbers will not be effected this is v sporadic dx) - affects a lot of systemics: resp, neuro, lamness, paralytic signs, poor performers, c+, dyspnea, weight loss, drought hair coat
76
glassers dx high health status herds
- big issue here bc vector not found so all naive so if bacteria introduced every animal susceptible and can come down with severe dx - dx everywhere ( fibrinopurulent exudates along peritoneum, pericardium, pleura, joints, meningitis); cyanosis of extremities
77
diagnosis of glassers dx
- herd hx - clin signs - necropsy - HARD TO CULTURE dont culture urt bc commensals there
78
haemophilus parasuis control
- anitnbiotics (reduce bacteria dnt eliminate it) | - vac (commercial or herd-specific bacterins bc lots of diff serotypes)

block 4 (23 decks)

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