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block 4 > Herpes > Flashcards

Herpes Flashcards

1
Q

what type of virus is herpes

A

enveloped ds dna

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2
Q

herpesvirus in cattle

A
  • infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (ibr), infectious pustular vulvovaginitis and infectious bovine ballon-phostititis (BHV1)
  • bovine mammilitis (bhv-2)
  • malignant catarrhal fever (aihv-1 and ohv-2)
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3
Q

herpesviruses in horses

A
  • equine herepes myeloencephalitis (EHM), equine aborition virus (Ehv-1)
  • rhinopneumonoitis (Ehv-4)
  • equine coital exanthema (Ehv-3)
  • equine gammaherpes viruses (ehv-2 and ehv-5)
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4
Q

bovine herepes virus 1 type and natural host

A

alpha, cow

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5
Q

bovine herpes virus 2 type and natural host

A

alpha, cow

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6
Q

alcelaphine herpesvirus 1 type and natural host

A

gama, wildebeest

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7
Q

ovine herpesvirus 2 type and natural host

A

gama, sheep

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8
Q

pseudorabies virus type and natural host

A

alpha, pig

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9
Q

most common virus infection of cattle

A

bovine herpesvirus type 1

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10
Q

bovine herpes virus 1 causes what

A
  • respiratory entry -> infectious bovine rhinotracheitis and aborition
  • genital entry -> pustular vulvovaginitis (ipv) and infectious balanoposthititis (Ibp)

low mortality

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11
Q

bovine herpes virus type 1 pathogenesis infectious bovien rhinotracheitis

A
  1. primary rep in mucosal surfaces (resp)
  2. viremia
  3. abortion and or latency in trigem ganglion
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12
Q

bovine herpes virus type 1 pathogenesis genital route

A
  1. primary replication in mucosal surface (genitals)
  2. genital local signs NO viremia
  3. +/- latency in sacral ganglion
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13
Q

clinical signs bovine herpesvirus type one infectious bovine rhinotrachietis

A
  • upper resp signs
  • fetid odor breath (oronasal ulcers)
  • oronasal secretions
  • aborition
  • rarely encephalitis young calves
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14
Q

clinical signs bovine herpes virus type 1 IPV signs

A
  • fever/ depression/ inappetance
  • vesicles or pustules on vulvar skin, vaginal mucosa
  • ulcerations vaginal mucosa
  • frequent micturition
  • tail held away from vulva
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15
Q

bovine herpes virus type 1 IBP clinical signs

A
  • balanatis (inflam glans penis)
  • posthititis (inflammation of prepuce)
  • vesicles to ulcers
  • bulls won’t breed
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16
Q

bovine herpesvirus type 1 hard to differentiate from

A

other common causes bovine respiratory dx complex

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17
Q

bovine herpesvirus type 1 prevention

A
  • sterilize ai equipment, virus free semen
  • steroids to reactive virus so can id carrier pulls
  • don’t ship infected cattle with pregnant cattle bc stress -> reactivate
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18
Q

vac preg cattle for bovine herpes virus type 1

A

NO parenteral mlv intranasal okay

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19
Q

bovine herpes virus 2 causes what in us vs Africa

A 
us
- bovine mammilitis (bhm)
africa 
- bovine mammilitis (bhm)
- pseudo lumpy skin dx (plsd)
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20
Q

pathogenesis bovine herpes virus type 2

A

unk but insects and fomites play role in transmission

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21
Q

clinical signs pseudo lumpy skin dx

A
  • oedematous nodules neck, back head chest, tail region
  • nodules = painful
  • scab formation
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22
Q

clinical signs bovine mammilitis

A
  • skin lesions on teat and udder only of lactating cows
  • ulceration of skin of mammary gland
  • teat pain and swelling -> can’t milk -> dec milk production and bacterial mastitis bc retention of milk
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23
Q

bovine herpes virus type 2 biopsy

A

intranuclear incursions, hydronic degeneration of skin cells

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24
Q

bovine herpes virus type 2 vac

A

none

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25
Q

malignant catarrhal fever general features, in who, what type virus

A
  • fatal in cattle, deer, antilope, buffalo

- gamma herpes virus

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26
Q

malignant catarrhal fever what causes it

A

causes:
- alcelaphine herpesvirus type 1 (AIHV-1) natural host = wildebeest
- ovine herpesvirus type 2 (OHV-2) natural host = sheep

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27
Q

reportable herpes dxs cows and horses

A
  • malignant catarrhal fever (some states)

- ehv-1 some states

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28
Q

malignant catarrhal fever sigsns natural host

A

none

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29
Q

malignant catarrhal fever caused by alcelaphine herpesvirus type 1 epidemiology (where morbidity/ mortality)

A
  • in africa and zoos

- morbidity cattle v low, mortality v high (fatal)

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30
Q

malignant catarrhal fever caused by alcelaphine herpesvirus type 1 transmission

A
  • close contact of cows and natural reservoirs around calving time
  • DOES NOT spread cow to cow
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31
Q

malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) caused by ovine herpes virus 2 found where, natural host, transmission

A
  • western us

- transmission to cattle when close contact w/ sheep especially around lambing time

32
Q

malignant catarrhal fever pathogenesis

A 
-primary infection -> resp signs
lymphocyte associated
 -viremia -> lymphadenopathy
- T lymphocyte hyperplasiaa 
- secondary replication in endothelial cells -> vascultis
33
Q

malignant catarrhal fever clinical signs

A
  • profuse nasal and ocular discharge
  • lymphadenopathy
  • mucosal erosions
    bilateral ophthalmia (pathognomonic) -> blindness
  • DEATH
34
Q

lesions malignant catarrhal fever

A
  • vasulitis
  • ln edematous +/- hemorrhagic
  • erosions nasal turbinate, larynx, gut
35
Q

malignant catarrhal fever histo

A
  • lymphoid cell proliferation
36
Q

malignant catarrhal fever vac

A

none

37
Q

bovine respiratory dx complex aka

A

shipping fever

38
Q

etiologic causes gammaherpes viruses

A
  • aihv-1 (wildebeet)
  • ohv-2 (sheep)
  • herpes virus = malignant catarrhal fever*
39
Q

herpesviruses in horses

A
  • Equine herpes virus 1
  • equine herpes virus 2
  • equine herpes virus 3
  • equine herpes virus 4
  • equine herpes virus 5
40
Q

what equine herpes viruses are related

A
  • ehv1, ehv4

- ehv2, ehv5

41
Q

equine herpes virus 1 virus type

A

alphaherpes virus

42
Q

equine herpes virus 1 spread

A

widespread but equine herpes virus 4 = more widespread

43
Q

equine herepes virus 1 can ->

A
  • neurologic dx

- aboritions storms

44
Q

equine herpes virus 1 latency

A
  • in neurons and immune cells
45
Q

pathogenesis of equine herpes virus 1

A
  • primary infection -> resp signs
  • viremia -> viral replication in endothelial cells -> either
    1. pregnant uterus -> aborition of virus neg fetus; if less severe -> aborition of virus positive fetus
    2. spinal cord thrombosis -> lower spinal cord necrosis -> hind limb ataxia
46
Q

neurological signs equine herpes virus type 1

A

NOT caused by viral replication in neurons caused by virus replicating in endothelial cells -> issues in lower spinal cord NOT replication in neurons (endotheliotropic herpesvirus NOT neurotropic)

47
Q

how get virus neg vs virus pos fetus

A
  • thrombosis and vasculitis can be so severe -> aborition of virus- neg fetus, if virus infection less severe more time for virus to replicate then can reach fetus and can have aboprtion of virus positive fetus
48
Q

equine herpes virus type 1 clinical signs

A
  • fever (sometimes biphasic)
  • nasal discharge
  • neuro signs (usually hindlimb ataxia)
  • aboritions last 4 months of pregnancy, sudden w/o premonitory signs
  • aborted fetus = fresh or minimally autolized
49
Q

mare post aboriton bc equine herpes virus type 1

A

mare fine to mate again and become preganant again

50
Q

a term born foals equine herpes virus type 1

A

fulminating viral pneumonitis

-> bacterial infections -> death

51
Q

equine herpes virus lesion dvisions

A
  • viral pneumonitis
  • env-1+ aborted fetus
  • EHM (equine herpes myeloecephalopathy)
52
Q

equine herpes virus type 1 viral pneumonitis lesion

A
  • hyperemia and ulcerations resp epithelium

- must tiny plum-colored foci in lungs

53
Q

ehv1 positive aborted fetus lesions

A
  • lung edema, pleural fluid
  • hepatic and thyme necrosis
  • petechial lesions various organs
  • intranucelar viral inclusinos
54
Q

equine herpes virus type 1 lesions ehm

A
  • no gross lesions

- histo discrete lesions of vasculitis w/ endothelial cell damage and perivascular cuffing

55
Q

equine herpes virus 1 neuro animals regain fx?

A

many will some dont

56
Q

ehv1 control

A
  • vac
  • quarantine
  • isolation of sick/ infected animals
57
Q

ehv-4 virus type

A

alphaherpes virus

58
Q

ehv-4 spread (how frequent is it)

A

endemic in horse populations worldwide

59
Q

ehv4 -> what

A

urt signs in young horses

60
Q

ehv-4 pathogenesis

A

urt dx; doesn’t cause viremia so clinical signs in urt only

61
Q

ehv-4 clinical signs

A

-

62
Q

ehv-4 clinical signs

A
  • mild to severe urt signs
  • profuse nasal discharge
  • nasal discharge = mucopurulent w/ secondary bacterial infeciton
  • lwr lung dx possible
63
Q

ehv4 vac

A
  • reduces severity of clinical signs
64
Q

equine herpes virus 3 causes what

A

equine coital exanthema

65
Q

equine herpes virus 3 transmission

A

sexual contact

66
Q

equine herpes virus 3 incubation time

A

v short

67
Q

equine herpes virus 3 incubation time

A

v short

68
Q

equine herpes virus 3 pathogenesis

A
  • primary infection genital mucosa -> primary lesions
  • does not cause viremia
  • recurrent dx = possible
  • open sores = virus shedding
69
Q

equine herpes virus type 3 clinical signs stallion

A
  • pustules and ulcerations of penis and prepuce
70
Q

equine herpes virus 3 clinical signs mares

A

pustules and ulcerations on vagina, perineum, lips, and teats
lesions heal w. in 2 weeks

71
Q

equine herpes virus 3 vac

A

none

72
Q

equine herpes virus type 2 virus type

A

gammaherpes virus

73
Q

equine herpes virus 2 how widespread in hores

A
  • v widespread
74
Q

equine herpes virus 5 spread

A

less widespread than ehv-2

75
Q

ehv5 causes

A

equine multi nodular pulmonary fibrosis

block 4 (23 decks)

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