Systemic infections 1 Flashcards
systemic infection variation Ehrlichia spp. Rickettsia rickettsia, Francisella tularenis, Systemic mycoses
- not rapidly fatal but for some animals enough systems effected that get worse -> euthanasia
- severity of signs depends on individual animal
Ehrlichia spp. fam
family- anaplasmataceae
Ehrlichia spp. general characteristics
- obligate intracell bacteria
- 2 membranes
- no cell wall btwn membranes
- lack lipopolysaccharide
- obligate aerobe
Ehrlichia species
- Ehrlichia ewingii
- Ehrlichia chaffeensis
- Ehrlichia canis
Ehrlichia spp. lifecycle
- obligate pathogeen of abcs found in granulocytes and monocytes
- if in macrophage enter in special phagosome no phagosome lysosome fusion bc alters phagosome
Ehrlichia transmission
- infected animals = source of bacteria
- transmitted by ticks (3-6hrs for transmission)
Ehrlichia spp. primarily a pathogen of
dogs
Ehrlichia ewingii affects who, transmitted by what
- transmitted by lone start tick
- dogs
- zoonotic
ehrlichia ewingii causes what
- found in granulocytes, cause canine granulocytic ehrlichiosis
- mild dx usually som animals no signs of dx
Ehrlichia chaffeensis transmission
- transmitted by lone star tick
ehrlich ewingii vs ehrlich chaffeensis common
ewingii more common
Ehrlichia chaffeensis causes what
- mild dx or no dx
Ehrlichia chaffeensis affects who
- dogs, other animals (deer)
- z (from tick not dog)
ehrlichia canis transmitted how
- brown dog tick
ehrlichia canis causes what
- infects monocytes
- canine monocytes ehrlichiosis
- causes more severe dx in dogs that other ehrlichia species (but there are serapes animals with no signs)
ehrlichia spp. signs acute
- 2-4 weeks after bite
- fever, lymphadenopathy, inap, depression (non-specific dx)
- animals often asymptomatic carriers
ehrlichia spp. signs chronic
- months to years after initial infection
- fever, inap, weight loss
- epistaxis
- meningitis (neuro)
- glomerulonephritis
- thrombocytopenia -> bleeding type lesions
ehrlichia spp. chronic signs most common with
- ehrlichia canis
- certain breeds (g shep and huskys)
ehrlichia spp. chronic necropsy
- hemorrhages (petichea and echomosis throughout)
Ehrlichia spp. diagnosis
- pcr
- serology (snap tests)
ehrlichia spp tx
- tetracycline tx
- prevention: prevent tick exposure
Rickettsia rickettsii general characteristics
- gram neg
- obligate intracell
- obligate aerobic
- coccobacillus
- zoonotic
rickettsia rickettsii found where
- inside endothelial cells
- mult in endothelia cells, move around on acting filaments, replication can -> damage in endothelium -> leakage
rickettsia rickettsii inhabitant of, transmission, cause dx in
- natural inhabitant of rodents
- transmitted by tick bites
- cause dx in dogs (Rocky Mountain spotted fever)