Parvoviruses and circoviruses Flashcards
parvovirus structure
- small single stranded DNA pos or neg sense
- non-enveloped
- icosahedral capsid
parvovirus replication where
- in nucleus of diving cells
parvovirus inclusions bodies
large intranuc inclusion bodies
parvovirus replication steps
ssdna converted by cell dna pol -> dsdna -> template for mrna formation by cell rna pol -> translation into proteins which can be nonstructural then make new ssdna strains based on dsdna -> capsid formed from structural proteins -> together form newly formed viron
parvovirus infects what hosts broadly
- host range infect vertebrates and invertebrates
parvovirus properties
- v stable in environment bc non-enveloped
- hemagglutinate rbcs
parvovirus pathogenesis
- requirement for replicating cells so v destructive in newborn/ young animals
parvoviruses entry routes
- oral
- fomites
- in utero
parvovirus infection length
- acute infection
- some can persist for long time despite robust host immune response
carnivore parvoviruses
- canine parvovirus (CPV)
- feline panleukopenia virus (FPV)
- these are variants of same virus ; antigenic and host range variations occur
- can also -> dx in wild carnivores
canine parvo virus caused by what and causes what
- canine parvovirus 2
- important cause infectious d+ domestic and wild canids
canine parvovirus incidence
- declined a lot bc of vac
carnivore parvovirus transmission
virus- contaminated feces
carnivore parvovirus dx in who and syndromes
- dx in growing puppies
- enteritis syndrome
- myocarditis syndrome
enteritis syndrome
- v+/ bloody d+/ death
myocarditis syndrome
- acute heart failure
- sudden puppy death
feline panleukopenia contagious/ seen in who
- highly contagious
- in kittens but cats all ages susceptible
feline panleukopenia replication
oral entry -> initial replication in pharyngeal lymphoid tissue -> cell-free and associated viremia -> spread to organ
feline panleukopenia signs
- servere leukopenia (all types abcs destroyed including those in lymphoid organs)
feline panleukopenia forms
- peracute form
- acute form
- in-utero infection
feline panleukopenia peracute form
high fever -> death
feline panleukopenia acute form
fever -> v+/ bloody d+
feline panleukopenia in-utero infection
cerebellar hypoplasia/ atrophy
feline panleukopenia diagnosis
- Elisa look for viral antigens in feces
- virus isolation need to stain for viral antingens
- hemagglutination inhibition look for antibodies
feline panleukopenia who is most susceptible
- young animals = waning maternal antibody titers
feline panleukopenia vac
protective (modified live form)
feline panleukopenia control
virus inactivated by diluted hypochlorite
porcine parvoviruses distribution
- worldwide
- enzootic in many herds
porcine parvoviruses incidence
dec bc vaccination
porcine parvovirus in gilts
- majority gilts = infected naturally = immune before farrowed -> antibodies decline = become highly susceptible
- problem if this occurs when giving brith
porcine parvovirus boars
- important for spread of virus shed via semen
largest impact porcine parvovirus
- infection of pregnant gilts and sows