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Respiratory tract infections III Flashcards

1
Q

histophilus sombi part of what viral fam

A

pasturellacea

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2
Q

histophilus somni features

A
  • gram negative
  • facultative anaerobe
  • bacillus
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3
Q

histophilus somni commensal

A
  • normal inhabitant of resp tract
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4
Q

histophilus somni -> ?

A

bronchopneumonia bc stress

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5
Q

hitophilus somni often associated with what

A

mannhaeimi haemolytica infections in cattle, this = part of bovine resp dx complex

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6
Q

rhodococcus equi general features

A
  • gram pos
  • variably acid fast
  • strict aerob
  • coccus or bacillus (cocci in lab usually)
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7
Q

rhodococcus equi normal inhabitant of what

A

soil and animal manure

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8
Q

rhodococcus equi spread

A
  • inhalation

- direct contact

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9
Q

rhodococcus equi -> what

A

-pyogramulomatous bronchopneumonia of foals 1-6 months

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10
Q

rhodococcus equi signs

A
  • pyogranulomatous bronchopneumonia
  • accesses in lungs and bronchial lns
  • resp signs
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11
Q

rhodococus equi case fatialty risk

A

50%

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12
Q

rhodococcus equi affects who

A
  • foals 1-6 months
  • occasionally pigs
  • ruminants
  • ZOONOTIC
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13
Q

rhodococcus equi pathogenesis

A
  • inhaled from contaminated soil
  • opsonized by compliment and taken in by complement receptors on alveolar macrophages bc survive and replicates intracellularly
  • mycelia acid in cell wall makes them hard to clear -> pyogramulomatous lesions
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14
Q

rhodococcus equi diagnosis

A
  • evidence of nodules on us or rads + gram pos bacilli/ cocci
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15
Q

rhodococcus equi

A
  • hard to tx with ab in animal bc intracell and in pyogramulomas; give macrolide and rifampin combo to affect protein and rna synth
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16
Q

rhodococcus equi vac

A
  • none
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17
Q

mycoplasma spp. general features

A
  • pleomorphic cells
  • stain gram neg
  • facultative anaerobe
  • mollicutes (lack outer membrane and cell wall so stain gram neg but not true gram neg)
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18
Q

mycoplasma spp. comensal?

A
  • normal inhabitant of mucosa throughout body
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19
Q

mycoplasma outside host

A
  • does not survive well outside host
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20
Q

mycoplasma spp. transmission

A
  • inhalation
  • direct contact
  • dress predisposes to dx
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21
Q

mycoplasma spp. specificity

A

very host adapted

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22
Q

mycoplasma spp. avain

A
  • mycoplasma gallisepticum
  • mycoplasma meleagridis
  • mycoplasma iowae
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23
Q

mycoplasma gallisepticum affects who

A
  • chicken
  • turkey
  • other fowl
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24
Q

mycoplasma gallisepticum signs chickens

A
  • primary cause chronic resp tract and air sac dx in chickens
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25
mycoplasma gallisepticum signs turkey
- primary cause chronic resp tract and air sac dx | - sinusitis (sinuses filled with thick exudate)
26
mycoplasma gallisepticum other fowl
- primary cause chronic resp tract and air sac dx
27
mycoplasma gallisepticum songbirds
- conjunctivitis
28
reportable mycoplasma dx
- mycoplasma gallisepticum - mycoplasma mycoides spp. mycoides - mycoplasma capricolum spp. capripneumonia
29
mycoplasma melegridies affects who/ causes what
air sac dx in turkeys
30
mycoplasma iowae affects who/ causes what
air sac dx in turkeys
31
bovine mycoplasma spp.
- mycoplasma bovoculi - mycoplasma bovis - mycoplasma mycoides spp. mycoides
32
mycoplasma bovoculi -> what in who
- conjunctivitis in cattle - tends to be one or primary infections that -> ability of mortadella bovis to establish infection of bovine keratoconjunctiviits
33
mycoplasma bovis -> what in who
- otitis media - pneumonia * pt of bovine resp dx complex)
34
mycoplasma mycoides spp. mycoides -> what in who
- contagious bovine pleuropneumonia in cows (resp signs, severe depression) -REPORTABLE -ON USDA SELECT AGENTS LIST ERRADIATED FROM US
35
usda select agents list
- agents that are considered potential bioterrorism bc of effects on livestock industry - mycoplasma mycoides spp. mycoides - mycoplasma capricolum spp. capripneumoniae
36
small ruminatant mycoplasma spp.
``` - mycoplasma conjunctivae caprine pathogens - m. mycoides spp. capri - m. capricolum spp. capripneumoniae ovine pathogens - m. ovipneumoniae ```
37
mycoplasma conjunctivae -> what in who
- conjunctivitis in small ruminants
38
mycoplasma mycoides spp. capri -> what in who
- pleuropneumonia - rapidly fatal septicemia - goat
39
mycoplasma capricolum spp. capripneumoniae causes what in who
- contagious caprine pleuropneumonia - goats - not in us anymore - REPORTABLE - ON USDA SELECT AGENTS LIST
40
mycoplasma ovipneumoniae leads to what in who
- secondary pneumonia by mannheimiae hemolytic and biberstenia trehalosi
41
swine mycoplasma spp.
- mycoplasma hypopneumoniae
42
mycoplasma hypopneumoniae -> what in who
- enzootic pneumonia in swine
43
presentation of enzootic pneumonia from mycoplasma hypopneumonia in swine
- non productive cough, mild chronic dx - delayed weight gain = industry effect - cr v consolidation in lungs * the most economically important dx in finishing pigs*
44
mycoplasma spp. cats
- mycoplasma felis | - mycoplasma gateae
45
mycoplasma felis -> ? in who
- conjunctivitis - pneumonia - can see urt if in conjunction w viral urt - cat
46
mycoplasma gateae -> ? in who
- conjunctivits - pneumonia - cat
47
mycoplasma rodent
- mycoplasma pulmonis
48
mycoplasma pulmonis -> what in who
- low grade resp dx | - rodents
49
mycoplasma pathogenic mechanisms
- adhere to resp epithelium via surface proteins - adherent bacteria can -> ciliostais/ image -> predisposition to other bacterial dx - some adherent bacteria producing damaging metabolites
50
mycoplasma pathogenicity of chronic infection
- chronic infection common - antigenic variation and biofilm formation = contribute to persistence - persistant acitivation of inflating response
51
diagnosis mycoplasma spp
- v fussy won't last long on swabs - growth media needs source of sterols NOT blood agar - confirm enzootic pneumonia of swine via pcr
52
tx mycoplasma spp.
- mycoplasma = sensitive to abs but biofilms -> these being chronic and hard to clear bc limit ab efficiency
53
Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia and Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia diagnosis and course of action
- id by elisa | - cull
54
Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia vac?
yes, live attenuated
55
mycoplasma gallisepticum vac?
yes live atenuated
56
mycoplasma hyponeumoia vac
bacterin
57
mycoplasma bovis vac
bacteria
58
how to prevent mycoplasma in pigs
delivering specific pathogen free pigs via cesarian
59
how to prevent mycoplasma in calves
pasteurization of use of milk replacer
60
chlamydia spp. general characteristics
- small, round - gram neg - obligate aerobe - obligate intracell pathogens (inside vacuole in cell)
61
chlamydia spp. lifecycle
complex - elementary body- infectious form - reticulate body- metabolically active form - ?release via reverse extrusion of vacuole = release = a little less activating of immune system?
62
chylamydia spp. normal commensal?
- natural inhabitant of mucous membranes of resp tract birds and mammals
63
chylamydia spp. transmission
- direct contact | - inhalation
64
ocular chlamydia spp.
- chlamydia felis | - chlamydia percorum
65
chlamydia felis affects who / leads to what
- conjunctivitis in cats (ocular discharge, blepharospasm) | - ZOONOTIC
66
chlamydia perform causes what in who
- conjunctivitis in small ruminants | - keratitis less common
67
zoonotic chlymadia
- chlamydia felis | - chlamydia psittaci
68
chlamydia psittaci -> ?
- psittacosis - ornithosis - avian chlamydiosis REPORTABLE - parrot fever -> pneumonia ZOONOTIC
69
chlamydia psittaci affects who
- older psittacine birds = subclinical infection = reactivated by stress signs= refusal to feed, mucopurulent nasal discharge - non psittacine birds signs = inappetence, weight loss, reduction in egg production
70
diagnosis chylamydia dsittaci
- inclusions iced by stained patient specimines | - culture MUST GROW IN TISSUE CULTURE WILL NOT GROW ON BACTERIOLOGICAL CULTURE BC OBLIGATE INTRACELL
71
tx for chylamida
tetracycline
72
escherichia coli features general
- gram neg - facultative anaerobe - bacillus
73
escherica colli comensal?
- natural inhabitant of intestines | - widely distributed in environment
74
escherica coli affects who
- secondary invader in birds with viral or mycoplasma resp tract dx
75
escherichia coli -> ?
- air sacculitis - colibacillosis - colisepticemia - resp distress - dec feeding - dec feed conversion
76
Escherichia coli transmission
- acquired by inhalation (bacteria from intestinal tract -> environment -> bacteria inhaled in
77
escherichia coli zoonotic
maybe = unclear
78
avian pathogenic E. coli tx
- resistance to antimicrobials = common | - vac = killed or attenuated

block 4 (23 decks)

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