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block 4 > Respiratory tract infections III > Flashcards

Respiratory tract infections III Flashcards

1
Q

histophilus sombi part of what viral fam

A

pasturellacea

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2
Q

histophilus somni features

A
  • gram negative
  • facultative anaerobe
  • bacillus
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3
Q

histophilus somni commensal

A
  • normal inhabitant of resp tract
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4
Q

histophilus somni -> ?

A

bronchopneumonia bc stress

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5
Q

hitophilus somni often associated with what

A

mannhaeimi haemolytica infections in cattle, this = part of bovine resp dx complex

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6
Q

rhodococcus equi general features

A
  • gram pos
  • variably acid fast
  • strict aerob
  • coccus or bacillus (cocci in lab usually)
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7
Q

rhodococcus equi normal inhabitant of what

A

soil and animal manure

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8
Q

rhodococcus equi spread

A
  • inhalation

- direct contact

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9
Q

rhodococcus equi -> what

A

-pyogramulomatous bronchopneumonia of foals 1-6 months

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10
Q

rhodococcus equi signs

A
  • pyogranulomatous bronchopneumonia
  • accesses in lungs and bronchial lns
  • resp signs
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11
Q

rhodococus equi case fatialty risk

A

50%

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12
Q

rhodococcus equi affects who

A
  • foals 1-6 months
  • occasionally pigs
  • ruminants
  • ZOONOTIC
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13
Q

rhodococcus equi pathogenesis

A
  • inhaled from contaminated soil
  • opsonized by compliment and taken in by complement receptors on alveolar macrophages bc survive and replicates intracellularly
  • mycelia acid in cell wall makes them hard to clear -> pyogramulomatous lesions
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14
Q

rhodococcus equi diagnosis

A
  • evidence of nodules on us or rads + gram pos bacilli/ cocci
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15
Q

rhodococcus equi

A
  • hard to tx with ab in animal bc intracell and in pyogramulomas; give macrolide and rifampin combo to affect protein and rna synth
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16
Q

rhodococcus equi vac

A
  • none
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17
Q

mycoplasma spp. general features

A
  • pleomorphic cells
  • stain gram neg
  • facultative anaerobe
  • mollicutes (lack outer membrane and cell wall so stain gram neg but not true gram neg)
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18
Q

mycoplasma spp. comensal?

A
  • normal inhabitant of mucosa throughout body
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19
Q

mycoplasma outside host

A
  • does not survive well outside host
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20
Q

mycoplasma spp. transmission

A
  • inhalation
  • direct contact
  • dress predisposes to dx
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21
Q

mycoplasma spp. specificity

A

very host adapted

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22
Q

mycoplasma spp. avain

A
  • mycoplasma gallisepticum
  • mycoplasma meleagridis
  • mycoplasma iowae
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23
Q

mycoplasma gallisepticum affects who

A
  • chicken
  • turkey
  • other fowl
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24
Q

mycoplasma gallisepticum signs chickens

A
  • primary cause chronic resp tract and air sac dx in chickens
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25
Q

mycoplasma gallisepticum signs turkey

A
  • primary cause chronic resp tract and air sac dx

- sinusitis (sinuses filled with thick exudate)

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26
Q

mycoplasma gallisepticum other fowl

A
  • primary cause chronic resp tract and air sac dx
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27
Q

mycoplasma gallisepticum songbirds

A
  • conjunctivitis
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28
Q

reportable mycoplasma dx

A
  • mycoplasma gallisepticum
  • mycoplasma mycoides spp. mycoides
  • mycoplasma capricolum spp. capripneumonia
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29
Q

mycoplasma melegridies affects who/ causes what

A

air sac dx in turkeys

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30
Q

mycoplasma iowae affects who/ causes what

A

air sac dx in turkeys

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31
Q

bovine mycoplasma spp.

A
  • mycoplasma bovoculi
  • mycoplasma bovis
  • mycoplasma mycoides spp. mycoides
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32
Q

mycoplasma bovoculi -> what in who

A
  • conjunctivitis in cattle
  • tends to be one or primary infections that -> ability of mortadella bovis to establish infection of bovine keratoconjunctiviits
33
Q

mycoplasma bovis -> what in who

A
  • otitis media
  • pneumonia
  • pt of bovine resp dx complex)
34
Q

mycoplasma mycoides spp. mycoides -> what in who

A
  • contagious bovine pleuropneumonia in cows (resp signs, severe depression)
    -REPORTABLE
    -ON USDA SELECT AGENTS LIST
    ERRADIATED FROM US
35
Q

usda select agents list

A
  • agents that are considered potential bioterrorism bc of effects on livestock industry
  • mycoplasma mycoides spp. mycoides
  • mycoplasma capricolum spp. capripneumoniae
36
Q

small ruminatant mycoplasma spp.

A 
- mycoplasma conjunctivae
caprine pathogens
- m. mycoides spp. capri
- m. capricolum spp. capripneumoniae
ovine pathogens
- m. ovipneumoniae
37
Q

mycoplasma conjunctivae -> what in who

A
  • conjunctivitis in small ruminants
38
Q

mycoplasma mycoides spp. capri -> what in who

A
  • pleuropneumonia
  • rapidly fatal septicemia
  • goat
39
Q

mycoplasma capricolum spp. capripneumoniae causes what in who

A
  • contagious caprine pleuropneumonia
  • goats
  • not in us anymore
  • REPORTABLE
  • ON USDA SELECT AGENTS LIST
40
Q

mycoplasma ovipneumoniae leads to what in who

A
  • secondary pneumonia by mannheimiae hemolytic and biberstenia trehalosi
41
Q

swine mycoplasma spp.

A
  • mycoplasma hypopneumoniae
42
Q

mycoplasma hypopneumoniae -> what in who

A
  • enzootic pneumonia in swine
43
Q

presentation of enzootic pneumonia from mycoplasma hypopneumonia in swine

A
  • non productive cough, mild chronic dx
  • delayed weight gain = industry effect
  • cr v consolidation in lungs
  • the most economically important dx in finishing pigs*
44
Q

mycoplasma spp. cats

A
  • mycoplasma felis

- mycoplasma gateae

45
Q

mycoplasma felis -> ? in who

A
  • conjunctivitis
  • pneumonia
  • can see urt if in conjunction w viral urt
  • cat
46
Q

mycoplasma gateae -> ? in who

A
  • conjunctivits
  • pneumonia
  • cat
47
Q

mycoplasma rodent

A
  • mycoplasma pulmonis
48
Q

mycoplasma pulmonis -> what in who

A
  • low grade resp dx

- rodents

49
Q

mycoplasma pathogenic mechanisms

A
  • adhere to resp epithelium via surface proteins
  • adherent bacteria can -> ciliostais/ image -> predisposition to other bacterial dx
  • some adherent bacteria producing damaging metabolites
50
Q

mycoplasma pathogenicity of chronic infection

A
  • chronic infection common
  • antigenic variation and biofilm formation = contribute to persistence
  • persistant acitivation of inflating response
51
Q

diagnosis mycoplasma spp

A
  • v fussy won’t last long on swabs
  • growth media needs source of sterols NOT blood agar
  • confirm enzootic pneumonia of swine via pcr
52
Q

tx mycoplasma spp.

A
  • mycoplasma = sensitive to abs but biofilms -> these being chronic and hard to clear bc limit ab efficiency
53
Q

Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia and Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia diagnosis and course of action

A
  • id by elisa

- cull

54
Q

Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia vac?

A

yes, live attenuated

55
Q

mycoplasma gallisepticum vac?

A

yes live atenuated

56
Q

mycoplasma hyponeumoia vac

A

bacterin

57
Q

mycoplasma bovis vac

A

bacteria

58
Q

how to prevent mycoplasma in pigs

A

delivering specific pathogen free pigs via cesarian

59
Q

how to prevent mycoplasma in calves

A

pasteurization of use of milk replacer

60
Q

chlamydia spp. general characteristics

A
  • small, round
  • gram neg
  • obligate aerobe
  • obligate intracell pathogens (inside vacuole in cell)
61
Q

chlamydia spp. lifecycle

A

complex

  • elementary body- infectious form
  • reticulate body- metabolically active form
  • ?release via reverse extrusion of vacuole = release = a little less activating of immune system?
62
Q

chylamydia spp. normal commensal?

A
  • natural inhabitant of mucous membranes of resp tract birds and mammals
63
Q

chylamydia spp. transmission

A
  • direct contact

- inhalation

64
Q

ocular chlamydia spp.

A
  • chlamydia felis

- chlamydia percorum

65
Q

chlamydia felis affects who / leads to what

A
  • conjunctivitis in cats (ocular discharge, blepharospasm)

- ZOONOTIC

66
Q

chlamydia perform causes what in who

A
  • conjunctivitis in small ruminants

- keratitis less common

67
Q

zoonotic chlymadia

A
  • chlamydia felis

- chlamydia psittaci

68
Q

chlamydia psittaci -> ?

A
  • psittacosis
  • ornithosis
  • avian chlamydiosis REPORTABLE
  • parrot fever -> pneumonia ZOONOTIC
69
Q

chlamydia psittaci affects who

A
  • older psittacine birds = subclinical infection = reactivated by stress
    signs= refusal to feed, mucopurulent nasal discharge
  • non psittacine birds signs = inappetence, weight loss, reduction in egg production
70
Q

diagnosis chylamydia dsittaci

A
  • inclusions iced by stained patient specimines

- culture MUST GROW IN TISSUE CULTURE WILL NOT GROW ON BACTERIOLOGICAL CULTURE BC OBLIGATE INTRACELL

71
Q

tx for chylamida

A

tetracycline

72
Q

escherichia coli features general

A
  • gram neg
  • facultative anaerobe
  • bacillus
73
Q

escherica colli comensal?

A
  • natural inhabitant of intestines

- widely distributed in environment

74
Q

escherica coli affects who

A
  • secondary invader in birds with viral or mycoplasma resp tract dx
75
Q

escherichia coli -> ?

A
  • air sacculitis
  • colibacillosis
  • colisepticemia
  • resp distress
  • dec feeding
  • dec feed conversion
76
Q

Escherichia coli transmission

A
  • acquired by inhalation (bacteria from intestinal tract -> environment -> bacteria inhaled in
77
Q

escherichia coli zoonotic

A

maybe = unclear

78
Q

avian pathogenic E. coli tx

A
  • resistance to antimicrobials = common

- vac = killed or attenuated

block 4 (23 decks)

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