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Adenoviruses and Papiloma viruses Flashcards

1
Q

adenovirus what type of virus/ general features

A
  • ds dna
  • med size
  • non enveloped (stable)
  • capsid with protein fibers for attachment
  • v species specific
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2
Q

papiloma virus what kind ov virus

A

ds dna

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3
Q

adenoviruses of vet importance

A
  • canine adenovirus 1 and 2
  • avian adenovirus
  • equine adenovirus 1 and 2
  • cervine adenovirus 1
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4
Q

adenovirus replication highlights

A
  • viral replication in step-wise manner (early and late phase of replication)
  • intranuc inclusion bodies
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5
Q

adenoviruses genera

A

6 total

  • mastadenovirus (mammals)
  • aviadenovirus (bird)
  • atadenovirus (birds, reptiles, ruminants)
  • siadenovirus (birds, reptiles, ruminants)
  • ichtadenovirus (fish)
  • testadenovirs (turtles)
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6
Q

adenovirus properties and host defense

A
  • interfere with host antiviral defense mechanisms

- early viral proteins interfere with cell cycle gene ( can -> transformation)

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7
Q

how does adenovirus interfere with host antiviral defense mechanisms

A
  • inhibit MHC1 antigen transport -> block T cell recognition
  • inhibit NFkB -> block anti-viral and anti-inflame response
  • interfere with Bcl-2 control apoptosis
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8
Q

adenovirus agglutination response

A
  • HA

- HA-inhibition assays

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9
Q

dog canine adenovirus

A
  • canine adenovirus 1
  • canine adenovirus 2
  • antigenic related viruses that -> distinct dx
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10
Q

canine adenovirus 1

A

-infectious canine hepatitis virus

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11
Q

canine adenovirus 2

A
  • respiratory dx
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12
Q

canine adenovirus severity

A

bc of vac reduced dec severity so most infections asymptomatic or mild

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13
Q

canine adenovirus vac

A

cav-2 strain which cross protects against cav-1 with dec risk of side effect blue eye

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14
Q

canine adenovirus 1 found in who

A
  • wildlife (fox, wolf, coyote, skunk, bear)

- dogs

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15
Q

canine adenovirus 1 dogs signs

A
  • acute hepatitis
  • ocular
  • resp dx
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16
Q

canine hepatitis virus 1 systemic infeciton

A
  • peracute dx
  • acute dx
  • mild dx
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17
Q

peracute dx canine adenovirus 1 signs

A
  • dead pup w/o apparent signs or after 3-4hrs of illness
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18
Q

acute dx canine adenovirus 1 signs

A
  • fever
  • icterus
  • d+
  • petechial hemorrhages of gums
  • fatal or recover
  • 25% develop corneal opacity (if recover)
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19
Q

mild dx canine adenovirus 1 signs

A

vaccine- modified dx

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20
Q

pathogenesis CAV-1

A
  • ingestion urine, feces, saliva (or conjunctival or aerosol transmission)
  • replication in tonsil crypts and peters patches
  • viremia
  • replication endothelial and parenchymal cells of diff organs
  • widespread hemorrhages and necrosis
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21
Q

major target organs canine adenovirus 1

A
  • eye, liver, kidney, endothelium
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22
Q

canine adenovirus 1 alt name

A

infectious canine hepatitis

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23
Q

kidney infection canine adenovirus 1

A

viruria: virus shed in urine > 6 months (also shedding via feces and saliva)

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24
Q

clinical signs canine adenovirus 1

A

eye:
-corneal edema aka “blue eye”**
- spontaneous resolution (usually)
- can occur with vac (usually with cav-1 strains which is why use cav-2)
liver:
- replication in kupffer cells and hepatocytes -> liver damage bc cytotoxic virus
- neutralizing antibodies
systemic dx -> hepatic necrosis

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25
liver low titers neutralizing antibodies
- acute death puppies | - acute hepatitis -> recovery (adults)
26
liver high titers neutralizing antibodies
- mild dx (usually) | - chronic hepatitis -> fibrosis and cirrhosis (rare)
27
canine adenovirus 1 lesions
- enlarged lns - swollen spleen - focal necrosis/ hemorrhages - thickened edematous gallbladder - dic
28
infectious canine hepatitis 1 diagnosis
- histo intranuc inclusion bodies | - HAI
29
canine adenovirus 2 dx
- localized resp dx upper and mid resp | - kennel cough complex
30
canine adenovirus 2 persistance
- can persist and shed at low levels for months | - self limiting resp dx
31
kennel cough complex canine adenovirus 2
potential contributor especially when co-infected w/ bord bronch, parainfluenza virus, or canine influenza
32
avian adenovirus dx
- egg drop syndrome (atadenovirus) | - turkey adenovirus 2 (siadenovirus)
33
egg drop syndrome virus in who
- chickens - ducks - geese
34
egg drop syndrome virus where
- eliminated USA
35
egg drop syndrome virus transmission
- contaminated eggs, bird droppings, fomites, needles for vac
36
egg drop syndrome virus signs
- drop in egg production - eggs loose color become soft shelled - chickens healthy
37
egg drop syndrome lesions
- pouch shell gland and oviduct inflam infiltration (intranuc inclusion bodies)
38
egg drop syndrome control
- vac for avian adenovirus
39
turkey adenovirus 2 aka
hemorrhagic enteritis
40
turkey adenovirus 2 infects who
- acute infection turkeys > 4 weeks
41
turkey adenovirus 2 transmission
- fomites | - bird droppings
42
turkey adenovirus 2 signs
- acute onset: bloody droppings - splenomegaly, intestinal hemorrhage (can -> death) - secondary bacterial infection bc suppress immune system
43
turkey adenovirus 2 histology
- reticule-endothelial hyperplasia | - intranuc inclusions in spleen
44
equine adenovirus types
- EAV-1 | - EAV-2
45
equine adenovirus signs
- asymptomatic or mild mid to upper resp tract dx - secondary bacterial infection (can -> mucopurulent nasal discharge) - immunodeficient (SCID) arabian foals v susceptible; die < 3 months
46
equine adenovirus tx
- self liming, resolve spontaneously
47
deer adenovirus
cervine adenovirus 1
48
cervine adenovirus 1 in who
- most common in mule deer, occasionally in moose | - mostly in Oregon
49
cervine adenovirus clinical signs
- rapid breathing, foaming, or drooling - d+, weakness, fluid in body cavities - DEATH 3-5 days after exposure
50
cervine adenovirus lesions
- pulmonary edema - hemorrhages - ulcerations in GI
51
cervine adenovirus tx
fatal dx no treatment
52
how ti kill adenovirus in enovnrment
bleach
53
papiloma viruses of veterinary importance
- canine oral papilomavirus - bovine papilomavirus - equine papilomatosis and sarcoids
54
papilomavirus biological features
- mechanism of tumor induction | - ability to cause persisting infecitons
55
papilomavirus stability
virons = v stable, resist common disinfectants, low ph, and high temps
56
papilomavirus expression/ in who
- ubiquitous | - species specific
57
papilomavirus infection general pathogenicity
- most = asymptomatic
58
polyomavirus biological features
- mechanism of tumor induction | - ability to cause persisting infecitons
59
polyomavirus stability
virons = v stable, resist common disinfectants, low ph, and high temps
60
polyomavirus expression/ in who
- ubiquitous | - species specific
61
polyomavirus general pathogenicity
- most = asymptomatic
62
papilloma lesions
- restricted to skin and mucosal surfaces
63
polyoma lesions
- wide tissue tropism (neurologic, renal, and skin dx)
64
papiloma/ polyomavirus structures (2 diff viruses but same structural properties)
- small - circular - ds dna - non-enveloped
65
papilomavirus replication
- depends on host cell machinery | - intimately linked to tissue differntaiton in skin
66
viral gene expression at diff stages of differentiation papillomavirus
- stratum basale: DNA-only state - stratum spinosum and granulosum: non dividing cells -> virus forces cells to keep dividing -> cellular hyperplasia - stratum corneum: no cell lysis, new virus released by sloughed off, exfoliated epithelia cells ( no immune response so no immune recognition that something is happening in these cells)
67
what is required for papilloma/ polyomavirus replication
micro wound present for these to create infeciton
68
papilloma classes
- non viral | - papilomavirus- induced
69
non-viral papiloma classes
- benign neoplasms - older animals - no spontaneous resolving
70
papilomavirus-induced
- warts - young animals - resolve spontaneously
71
papilloma virus effects who leads to what
- oral papillomas- dogs, rabbits - skin papillomas- cattle, horses - genital papillomas- domestic livestock
72
papiloma viruses infect what
- mostly keratinocytes -> squamous papilloma (carcinoma)
73
papiloma viruses in ruminants
- can infect fibroblasts -> fibropapiloma
74
diagnosis papilomaviruss
- apperance | - intranuclear inclusion bodies
75
canine papiloma viruses
- cpv-1 | - cpv-13
76
canine papiloma viruses presentation
- young - oral lesions (lip, bucal membrane) - +/- extensive - RARE non-regressing warts - RARE squamous cell carcinoma associated with CPV
77
canine papiloma virus time fram
- incubation 4-8 weeks | - immune mediated regression 4-8 weeks
78
papiloma virus cows affects who
- common in all ages | - highest incidence in calves
79
papilloma virus cows transmission
- fomites - sexual contact - reactivation bc injury or immunosupression
80
papilloma virus cows timeline
- incubation 6 weeks | - regression 1-6 moths
81
papiloma virus cows neoplasia
- can be associated with neoplasia depending on bracken fern exposure, rare
82
papillomaviruses horse
- most common EcPV-1 small elevated keratinized skin lesions - genital EcPV-2 - aural plaques EcPV-3 and EcPV-4
83
papillomavirus horse presentation in who
- young horse lips nose and ears, eyelids, limbs
84
papillomavirus horse timeline
- last 1-9 months
85
papilomavirus horse significance
can predispose to squamous cell carcinoma
86
bovine deptapapillomaviruses -> what
- BPV 1,2,13 | - cause sarcoids in horses <4
87
horse sarcoids suceptibility
- determined by genetic and enivonrmntal factors
88
horse sarcoids persistance
- can persist for life and be locally invasive but DO NOT METASTISIZE
89
horse sarcoids presenation
- variable clinical appearance w/ diff types - verrucous (slow growing), fibroblastic (rapid growing), mixed, occult (flat) - *histologically same*
90
tx horse sarcoids
- control (dx, cryotherapy, hyperthermia, chemo, radiation, antivirals, immunomodulation - reoccurrence common
91
polyomaviruses dx severity
- mammals lifelong asymptomatic | - birds acute, systemic dx (French molt)
92
papiloma/polyomavirus replication
intimately linked to cell differentiation stage

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