STDs 2 Flashcards
HPV tumors have a ___ survival rate that alcohol and tobacco related tumors
better
since 2006, oral pharynx cancer has been increasing, primarily in ___
men
the better survival rate for HPV tumors is probably because:
the cancer is expressing antigens that are not normally found in the host
in the malignant progression of HPV, the viral genome integrates into the host chromosomes, knocking out ___, a viral repressor protein, allowing increased ___ expression
E2, E6/E7
In CIN I, ___ of the epithelium is dysplastic
1/3rd
In CIN II, ___ of the epithelium is dysplastic
2/3rds
In CIN III, ___ of the epithelium is dysplastic
all
where does dysplasia occur most frequently in the cervix?
transformation/ junctional zone
why does infection occur in the transformation zone?
probably because the HPV targets stem-like cells in that region
__% of cervical cancers are due to HPV 16
60
__% of cervical cancers are due to HPV 18
15
if you have CIN I, ___% will regress on their own. This ___ as you go to CIN II and CIN III
57%, decreases
The pap smear has __ sensitivity but ___ specificity
low, high
colposcopy
if pap smear is positive, identifies the lesions that should be biopsied
you can get up to 100% sensitivity for HPV by using ___
Hybrid capture
hybrid capture is usually used starting around age ___ because ___
30, most HPV infections will clear on their own
treatment of external HPV lesions:
salicylic acid mitotic inhibitors 5-fluorouracil cryotherapy excision
therapy for vaginal or cervical HPV infections:
ablative
excision
pharmaceutical
ablative techniques
- cryotherapy
- laser vaporization therapy
excision techniques
conization- a cone of tissue is excised for further examination and/or remove a lesion
LEEP- an electrical wire to cauterize
pharmaceutical treatments
lesions recur following withdrawal, not treatment of choice
when L1 is expressed:
it assembles itself, forming pentamers that recognizes themselves and form virus-like particles
