Histo - Male Urogenital System Flashcards
List the 4 accessory sex glands of the male genital system.
- Ampulla of ductus deferens
- Vesicular gland
- Prostate
- Bulbourethral gland
List the 7 main structures of the male genital system.
- Testes
- Epididymis
- Ductus deferens
- Accessory sex glands
- Urethra
- Penis
- Prepuce
The dense, irregular CT capsule of the testes.
Tunica albuginea
The tunica albuginea is composed of what 3 things?
- Collagen fibers
- Elastic fibers
- Smooth mm
The tunica albuginea is covered by the ___.
Visceral vaginal tunic (tunica vaginalis)
The interior surface of the tunica albuginea has a ___ formed by ___.
- Vascular layer
- Branches of testicular a & v
The CT trabeculae extending inward from the tunica albuginea, that divides the testicular parenchyma into testicular lobules.
Septuli testes
Each lobule formed by the septuli testes contains 1-4 ___.
Seminiferous tubules
The septuli testes is continuous with the ___, which is a CT area containing the ___ & blood vessels.
- Mediastinum testes
- Rete testes
The mediastinum testes is well developed in what 3 species? Poorly developed in which species?
- Ruminants, Pigs, & Dogs
- Horses
The seminiferous tubules are responsible for ___.
Spermatogenesis
What are the 2 portions of the seminiferous tubule?
- Tubuli contorti (convoluted portion)
- Tubuli recti (straight portion)
List the 3 components of the seminiferous tubules?
- Lamina propria
- Sustentacular cells
- Spermatogenic cells
The seminiferous tubules are surrounded by ___ which contain ___ cells.
- Lamina propria
- Peritubular cells
The peritubular cells of the lamina propria of the seminiferous tubule are responsible for ___.
Tubular contraction
Sustentacular (sertoli) cells are elongated ___ cells, whose base adheres to the ___ and whose apex extends into the ___.
- Pyramidal
- Basal lamina
- Lumen of seminiferous tubules
The blood-testes barrier is formed by what 2 things?
- Sustentacular (sertoli) cells
- Tight junctions
List the 7 functions the sustentacular (sertoli) cells perform for sperm cells.
- Nutrition
- Protection
- Support
- Phagocytosis
- Produce Mullerian inhibitory hormone (MIH)
- Secrete Intratubular fluid
- Form blood-testes barrier
What 2 cell types are phagocytosed by sustentacular cells?
- Degenerating spermatogenic cells
- Detached residual body of spermatids
What does Mullerian inhibitory hormone (MIH) inhibit?
Production of female duct
What is intratubular fluid used for?
Sperm transport
List the 5 types of spermatogenic cells.
- Spermatogonia
- Primary spermatocyte
- Secondary spermatocyte
- Spermatid
- Spermatozoa
Where are spermatogenic cells found?
Between & above the sustentacular cells
Spermatogonia cells are situated next to the ___ and are relatively ___.
- Basal lamina
- Small
Primary spermatocytes are the ___ cells and are characterized by ___.
- Largest
- Obvious condensed chromosomes
Secondary spermatocytes are ___ and difficult to ___.
- Short lived
- Observe
Spermatids are ___ cells located towards the ___.
- Small, rounded cells
- Lumen of the seminiferous tubule
Spermatozoa are formed from ___ that undergo ___.
- Spermatids
- Spermiogenesis
During transformation, the heads of the spermatozoa become embedded in the ___ to gain ___.
- Sertoli (sustentacular) cells
- Nutrients
These cells are characteristic of steroid secreting cells.
Interstitial/Leydig cells
Leydig (Interstitial) cells produce ___ and are responsible for the development of ___.
- Testosterone
- Secondary male characteristics
When do Interstitial (Leydig) cells become apparent?
Puberty
List the 3 structures of the Intratesticular genital ducts.
- Straight tubules (tubuli recti)
- Rete testes
- Ductuli efferentes
The function of the straight tubules of the intratesticular genital ducts is to ___.
Connect the convoluted tubules to the rete testes
The rete testes are a continuation of the straight tubules, surrounded by the ___ that produce ___.
- Mediastinum testes
- Testicular fluid
The ductuli efferentes are efferent ducts of the intratesticular genital ducts that connect the ___.
Rete testes to the ductus epididymis
The ductuli efferentes are line with ___ that can be ___ or ___.
- Simple columnar
- Ciliated
- Non-ciliated
The ciliated cells of the ductuli efferentes help to ___ while the non-ciliated cells ___.
- Move spermatozoa
- Absorb tubular fluid
List the movement of sperm through the testes.
Straight tubules –> Rete testes –> Ductuli efferents –> Epididymus –> Vas deferens –> Urethra
The epididymis is surrounded by the ___ and is divided into what 3 parts?
- Tunica albuginea
- Head, Tail, & Body
The head of the epididymus is connected to the ___, while the tail & body are continued with the ___.
- Testes
- Ductus deferens
Which part of the epididymus arises from the testes in most animals? Which animal is the sequence reversed?
- Head
- Pigs
The epithelium of the epididymus is ___, containing both ___ & ___ cells.
- Pseudostratified
- Columnar
- Small basal cells
The columnar cells of the epididymus have long, branched, microvilli called ___.
Steriocilia
What are the 2 functions of the epididymus?
- Sperm maturation (head & body)
- Sperm storage (tail)
The ductus deferens has no ___.
Tunica albuginea
The mucosa layer of the ductus deferens is ___ with ___ epithelium, that becomes ___ toward the end of the duct.
- Folded
- Pseudostratified, ciliated
- Simple columnar
The terminal part of the ductus deferens is ___.
Ampullated
What are the 3 layers of the tunica muscularis of the ductus deferens?
- Circular layer
- Longitudinal layer
- Oblique layer
The ampulla of the ductus deferens is absent in ___ & ___.
- Cats
- Pigs
The vesicular gland is absent in ___.
Carnivores
List the 2 parts of the prostate gland.
- Body/Compact portion
- Pars disseminata
The body of the prostate gland is absent in ___ & ___.
- Sheep
- Goats
The pars disseminata of the prostate gland is absent in ___.
Horses
The bulbourethral gland is absent in ___.
Dogs
What 2 accessory sex glands are absent in the dog?
- Vesicular gland
- Bulbourethral gland
What 2 accessory sex glands are absent in the cat?
- Ampulla
- Vesicular gland
What accessory sex gland is absent in the pig?
Ampulla
The ampulla is a ___ gland lined with ___.
- Branched tubulo-alveolar
- Simple columnar
The vesicular gland is a ___ gland lined with ___.
- Compound tubulo-alveolar
- Pseudostratified columnar
The vesicular gland in a horse is a ___, and a ___ in a bull.
- True vesicle w/a wide lumen
- Compact lobulated organ
The compact part (body) of the prostate gland surrounds the ___ and the disseminate part is located in the ___.
- Pelvic urethra
- Propria-submucosa of the pelvic urethra
What is found in the tubules & alveoli of the prostate gland?
Concentrically laminated concretion (semi-solid excretions) of secretory material
The bulbourethral gland is a ___ gland, similar in appearance to a ___.
- Compound tubulo-alveolar
- Mucus gland
The secretory portion of the bulbourethral gland has ___ epithelium and shows a ___.
- Simple, tall columnar
- Mucin reaction
List the 2 parts of the urethra & where they are located.
- Pelvic urethra (inside body)
- Penile urethra (outside body)
The propria submucosa of the pelvic urethra is composed of endothelium lined cavernous spaces called ___.
Vascular stratum
In the penile urethra, the cavernous spaces are greatly increased and called ___.
Corpus spongiosum
The tunica muscularis of the urethra is ___ muscles around the bladder & ___ muscle around the urethra.
- Smooth
- Striated
List the 3 parts of the penis.
- Corpora cavernosa
- Corpora spongiosum
- Glans penis
The corpora cavernosa is surrounded by the ___ and divided by the ___.
- Tunica albuginea
- Median septum
The corpoa spongiosum surrounds the ___.
Penile urethra
The glans penis is highly ___ and well developed in what 2 species?
- Vascularised
- Horses & Dogs
Which part of the penis is dorsal (top, touching the belly)? Which is ventral?
- Corpora cavernosa
- Corpora spongiosum
