MA lab Flashcards
Ovaries are lined by ______
simple cuboidal. Aka germinal epithelium (at the periphery of ovary)
o Called “germinal” epith, but NO germ cells in it
o Simple cuboidal epithelium is the location of most ovarian cancers
______ is the location of most ovarian cancers
Simple cuboidal/columner/squamous germinal epithelium – outer lining of ovary
Directly beneath the germinal epithelium (lining of ovaries) is _______
tunica albuginea (dense connective tissue)
In females tunica albuginea in _____
In males also a tunica albuginea in ______ and _____
Ovaries have TA
Testes and penis has TA
What is in the Cortex of ovaries?
follicles (with oocyte) that are at different stages of development
What is in Medulla of ovaries?
connective tissue and blood vessels
Functions of ovaries
Exocrien: Production/storage of oocytes
Endocrine: sex hormone production
Internal organs of Female reproductive system, include _______ (4 things)
- 2 ovaries
- 2 uterine tubes (oviducts, fallopian tubes)
- uterus
- vagina
What 3 layers must a sperm cross to fertilize this?
Corona radiata - Zona pellucida - Plasma membrane.
External genitalia, include ___
labia minora
labia majora
clitoris
vestibular glands
* Mammary glands are considered part of the Reprod system bc they’re under endocrine control and develop during pregnancy.
initiation of pubertal development occurs at age ____, is called___
12-13 year old
Menarche - first menses
____ is the cyclic appearance of menses associated with fertility
Menstrual cycle
Menopause
– when does is occur, what it signifies?
- cycle becomes irregular and eventually disappears in favor of a tonic status
- ~ 50 year
exocrine function of ovary ____
endocrine function of ovary ____
production of gametes (exocrine)
sex hormone production (endocrine)
Which organ is almond shaped?
ovary
Layer of the ovary out to in:
outer layer - a simple squamous/cuboidal/columnar germinal epithelium
tunica albuginea (dense connective tissue)
cortex - containing ovarian follicles in various stages of development.
medulla - occupies central region of ovary, consists of blood vessels and connective tissue.
Which layer has the folicles?
cortex
Primordial follicles
- present before birth
- consists of a primary oocyte arrested in (dictyotene) meiotic prophase I surrounded by a layer of flattened follicular cells.
Outside of follicular cells are ____.
stromal cells
At puberty cyclic secretion of FSH stimulates ___ to develop and produce _____ .
groups of follicles develop and produce estrogen
3 things that happen every 28 days after puperty:
- 20 primordial follicles are recruited by FSH.
- Their follicular cells acquire more FSH receptors
- these flattened folicular cells become more columnar (now called granulosa cells).
Primary Unilaminar Follicles - consists of _____
a primary oocyte surrounded by one layer of granulosa cells (unilaminar)
Primary Multilaminar Follicles
- consists of a primary oocyte surrounded by more than one (multilaminar) layers of granulosa cells.
The ___ cells deposit an extracellular coat (zona pellucida) onto the _____.
granulosa and oocyte together deposit zona pellucida onto the primary oocyte.
The zona pellucida is traversed by ____
delicate cytoplasmic processes from granulosa cells (filopodia) and microvilli projecting from the oocyte.
stromal cells differentiate to form ______
theca interna
what does theca interna look like?
- has vascularizations– needs to circulate the hormones it produces
- fat lobues inside the cell bc makes steroid hormones
4 segments of the oviduct
infindibulum
ampulla
isthmus
pars interstitialis (intramural portion)
fimbriae
trap and pull ovum into infindibulum at ovulation
3 layer of the wall of oviduct
a mucosa
a muscularis
a serosa of visceral peritoneum
Mucosal folds are most prominant in ____, and decrease in height and length near ____
most prominant – ampulla region
less in Isthmas
mucosal folds are lined by ___
2 types of estrogen dependent cells:
1) ciliated cells – help move ovum through oviduct
2) secretory (non ciliated)– secrete protein to nurture potential zygote
Ovum is supended in the oviductal fluid that is formed by ___
transudation and E stimulated secretions from secretory cells
order of layers in oviduct wall (outside to in)
serosa –> longitudinal –> circular layer of smooth muscle-> lamina propria –> ciliated simple columner epithelium–> lumen
(aka. serosa –> muscularis–> mucosa –> lumen)
which layer of the uterine tube is connected to broad ligament?
outer serosa
___ stops secretory activity stimulated by estrogen in the oviduct cells
progesterone
oviduct can support blatocyst for ____
3-4 days post ovulaton
if fetus continues to develop in ___ it’s an ectopic pregnancy. ___ acts like the endometrium
in the oviduct
lamina propria of oviduct acts like endometrium and forms desidual cells
blockage of ___ can result in indertility
uterine tube
3 parts of the uterus
corpus –body
fundus – highest part of corpus, above entrance of oviduct
cervix – neck
3 layers of uterine wall
endometrium
myometrium
perimetrium
hypertrophy vs. hyperplasia
Hypertrophy – enlargement of existing cells
hyperplasia – an increase in the number of normal cells.
