MA lab Flashcards

1
Q

Ovaries are lined by ______

A

simple cuboidal. Aka germinal epithelium (at the periphery of ovary)

o Called “germinal” epith, but NO germ cells in it

o Simple cuboidal epithelium is the location of most ovarian cancers

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2
Q

______ is the location of most ovarian cancers

A

Simple cuboidal/columner/squamous germinal epithelium – outer lining of ovary

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3
Q

Directly beneath the germinal epithelium (lining of ovaries) is _______

A

tunica albuginea (dense connective tissue)

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4
Q

In females tunica albuginea in _____

In males also a tunica albuginea in ______ and _____

A

Ovaries have TA

Testes and penis has TA

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5
Q

What is in the Cortex of ovaries?

A

follicles (with oocyte) that are at different stages of development

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6
Q

What is in Medulla of ovaries?

A

connective tissue and blood vessels

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7
Q

Functions of ovaries

A

Exocrien: Production/storage of oocytes

Endocrine: sex hormone production

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8
Q

Internal organs of Female reproductive system, include _______ (4 things)

A
  • 2 ovaries
  • 2 uterine tubes (oviducts, fallopian tubes)
  • uterus
  • vagina
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9
Q

What 3 layers must a sperm cross to fertilize this?

A

Corona radiata - Zona pellucida - Plasma membrane.

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10
Q

External genitalia, include ___

A

labia minora

labia majora

clitoris

vestibular glands

* Mammary glands are considered part of the Reprod system bc they’re under endocrine control and develop during pregnancy.

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11
Q
A
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12
Q

initiation of pubertal development occurs at age ____, is called___

A

12-13 year old

Menarche - first menses

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13
Q

____ is the cyclic appearance of menses associated with fertility

A

Menstrual cycle

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14
Q

Menopause

– when does is occur, what it signifies?

A
  • cycle becomes irregular and eventually disappears in favor of a tonic status
  • ~ 50 year
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15
Q

exocrine function of ovary ____

endocrine function of ovary ____

A

production of gametes (exocrine)

sex hormone production (endocrine)

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16
Q

Which organ is almond shaped?

A

ovary

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17
Q

Layer of the ovary out to in:

A

outer layer - a simple squamous/cuboidal/columnar germinal epithelium

tunica albuginea (dense connective tissue)

cortex - containing ovarian follicles in various stages of development.

medulla - occupies central region of ovary, consists of blood vessels and connective tissue.

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18
Q

Which layer has the folicles?

19
Q

Primordial follicles

A
  • present before birth
  • consists of a primary oocyte arrested in (dictyotene) meiotic prophase I surrounded by a layer of flattened follicular cells.
20
Q

Outside of follicular cells are ____.

A

stromal cells

21
Q

At puberty cyclic secretion of FSH stimulates ___ to develop and produce _____ .

A

groups of follicles develop and produce estrogen

22
Q

3 things that happen every 28 days after puperty:

A
  • 20 primordial follicles are recruited by FSH.
  • Their follicular cells acquire more FSH receptors
  • these flattened folicular cells become more columnar (now called granulosa cells).
23
Q

Primary Unilaminar Follicles - consists of _____

A

a primary oocyte surrounded by one layer of granulosa cells (unilaminar)

24
Q

Primary Multilaminar Follicles

A
  • consists of a primary oocyte surrounded by more than one (multilaminar) layers of granulosa cells.
25
The ___ cells deposit an extracellular coat (zona pellucida) onto the \_\_\_\_\_.
_granulosa_ and _oocyte_ together deposit zona pellucida onto the _primary oocyte_.
26
The zona pellucida is traversed by \_\_\_\_
delicate cytoplasmic processes from _granulosa_ cells **(filopodia)** and **microvilli** projecting from the _oocyte_.
27
stromal cells differentiate to form \_\_\_\_\_\_
theca interna
28
what does theca interna look like?
- has vascularizations-- needs to circulate the hormones it produces - fat lobues inside the cell bc makes steroid hormones
29
4 segments of the oviduct
infindibulum ampulla isthmus pars interstitialis (intramural portion)
30
fimbriae
trap and pull ovum into infindibulum at ovulation
31
3 layer of the wall of oviduct
a mucosa a muscularis a serosa of visceral peritoneum
32
Mucosal folds are most prominant in \_\_\_\_, and decrease in height and length near \_\_\_\_
most prominant -- ampulla region less in Isthmas
33
mucosal folds are lined by \_\_\_
2 types of **_estrogen dependent_** cells: 1) ciliated cells -- help move ovum through oviduct 2) secretory (non ciliated)-- secrete protein to nurture potential zygote
34
Ovum is supended in the oviductal fluid that is formed by \_\_\_
transudation and E stimulated secretions from secretory cells
35
order of layers in oviduct wall (outside to in)
serosa --\> longitudinal --\> circular layer of smooth muscle-\> lamina propria --\> ciliated simple columner epithelium--\> lumen (aka. serosa --\> muscularis--\> mucosa --\> lumen)
36
which layer of the uterine tube is connected to broad ligament?
outer serosa
37
\_\_\_ stops secretory activity stimulated by estrogen in the oviduct cells
progesterone
38
oviduct can support blatocyst for \_\_\_\_
3-4 days post ovulaton
39
if fetus continues to develop in ___ it's an ectopic pregnancy. ___ acts like the endometrium
in the oviduct lamina propria of oviduct acts like endometrium and forms desidual cells
40
blockage of ___ can result in indertility
uterine tube
41
42
3 parts of the uterus
corpus --body fundus -- highest part of corpus, above entrance of oviduct cervix -- neck
43
3 layers of uterine wall
endometrium myometrium perimetrium
44
hypertrophy vs. hyperplasia
Hypertrophy -- enlargement of existing cells hyperplasia -- an increase in the number of normal cells.