MA lab

Question 1

Ovaries are lined by ______

Answer 1

simple cuboidal. Aka germinal epithelium (at the periphery of ovary)

o Called “germinal” epith, but NO germ cells in it

o Simple cuboidal epithelium is the location of most ovarian cancers

Question 2

______ is the location of most ovarian cancers

Answer 2

Simple cuboidal/columner/squamous germinal epithelium – outer lining of ovary

Question 3

Directly beneath the germinal epithelium (lining of ovaries) is _______

Answer 3

tunica albuginea (dense connective tissue)

Question 4

In females tunica albuginea in _____

In males also a tunica albuginea in ______ and _____

Answer 4

Ovaries have TA

Testes and penis has TA

Question 5

What is in the Cortex of ovaries?

Answer 5

follicles (with oocyte) that are at different stages of development

Question 6

What is in Medulla of ovaries?

Answer 6

connective tissue and blood vessels

Question 7

Functions of ovaries

Answer 7

Exocrien: Production/storage of oocytes

Endocrine: sex hormone production

Question 8

Internal organs of Female reproductive system, include _______ (4 things)

Answer 8

• 2 ovaries
• 2 uterine tubes (oviducts, fallopian tubes)
• uterus
• vagina

Question 9

What 3 layers must a sperm cross to fertilize this?

Answer 9

Corona radiata - Zona pellucida - Plasma membrane.

Question 10

External genitalia, include ___

Answer 10

labia minora

labia majora

clitoris

vestibular glands

* Mammary glands are considered part of the Reprod system bc they’re under endocrine control and develop during pregnancy.

Question 12

initiation of pubertal development occurs at age ____, is called___

Answer 12

12-13 year old

Menarche - first menses

Question 13

____ is the cyclic appearance of menses associated with fertility

Answer 13

Menstrual cycle

Question 14

Menopause

– when does is occur, what it signifies?

Answer 14

• cycle becomes irregular and eventually disappears in favor of a tonic status
• ~ 50 year

Question 15

exocrine function of ovary ____

endocrine function of ovary ____

Answer 15

production of gametes (exocrine)

sex hormone production (endocrine)

Question 16

Which organ is almond shaped?

Answer 16

ovary

Question 17

Layer of the ovary out to in:

Answer 17

outer layer - a simple squamous/cuboidal/columnar germinal epithelium

tunica albuginea (dense connective tissue)

cortex - containing ovarian follicles in various stages of development.

medulla - occupies central region of ovary, consists of blood vessels and connective tissue.

Question 18

Which layer has the folicles?

Answer 18

cortex

Question 19

Primordial follicles

Answer 19

• present before birth
• consists of a primary oocyte arrested in (dictyotene) meiotic prophase I surrounded by a layer of flattened follicular cells.

Question 20

Outside of follicular cells are ____.

Answer 20

stromal cells

Question 21

At puberty cyclic secretion of FSH stimulates ___ to develop and produce _____ .

Answer 21

groups of follicles develop and produce estrogen

Question 22

3 things that happen every 28 days after puperty:

Answer 22

• 20 primordial follicles are recruited by FSH.
• Their follicular cells acquire more FSH receptors
• these flattened folicular cells become more columnar (now called granulosa cells).

Question 23

Primary Unilaminar Follicles - consists of _____

Answer 23

a primary oocyte surrounded by one layer of granulosa cells (unilaminar)

Question 24

Primary Multilaminar Follicles

Answer 24

• consists of a primary oocyte surrounded by more than one (multilaminar) layers of granulosa cells.

Question 25

The ___ cells deposit an extracellular coat (zona pellucida) onto the _____.

Answer 25

granulosa and oocyte together deposit zona pellucida onto the primary oocyte.

Question 26

The zona pellucida is traversed by ____

Answer 26

delicate cytoplasmic processes from granulosa cells (filopodia) and microvilli projecting from the oocyte.

Question 27

stromal cells differentiate to form ______

Answer 27

theca interna

Question 28

what does theca interna look like?

Answer 28

• has vascularizations– needs to circulate the hormones it produces
• fat lobues inside the cell bc makes steroid hormones

Question 29

4 segments of the oviduct

Answer 29

infindibulum

ampulla

isthmus

pars interstitialis (intramural portion)

Question 30

fimbriae

Answer 30

trap and pull ovum into infindibulum at ovulation

Question 31

3 layer of the wall of oviduct

Answer 31

a mucosa

a muscularis

a serosa of visceral peritoneum

Question 32

Mucosal folds are most prominant in ____, and decrease in height and length near ____

Answer 32

most prominant – ampulla region

less in Isthmas

Question 33

mucosal folds are lined by ___

Answer 33

2 types of estrogen dependent cells:

1) ciliated cells – help move ovum through oviduct
2) secretory (non ciliated)– secrete protein to nurture potential zygote

Question 34

Ovum is supended in the oviductal fluid that is formed by ___

Answer 34

transudation and E stimulated secretions from secretory cells

Question 35

order of layers in oviduct wall (outside to in)

Answer 35

serosa –> longitudinal –> circular layer of smooth muscle-> lamina propria –> ciliated simple columner epithelium–> lumen

(aka. serosa –> muscularis–> mucosa –> lumen)

Question 36

which layer of the uterine tube is connected to broad ligament?

Answer 36

outer serosa

Question 37

___ stops secretory activity stimulated by estrogen in the oviduct cells

Answer 37

progesterone

Question 38

oviduct can support blatocyst for ____

Answer 38

3-4 days post ovulaton

Question 39

if fetus continues to develop in ___ it’s an ectopic pregnancy. ___ acts like the endometrium

Answer 39

in the oviduct

lamina propria of oviduct acts like endometrium and forms desidual cells

Question 40

blockage of ___ can result in indertility

Answer 40

uterine tube

Question 42

3 parts of the uterus

Answer 42

corpus –body

fundus – highest part of corpus, above entrance of oviduct

cervix – neck

Question 43

3 layers of uterine wall

Answer 43

endometrium

myometrium

perimetrium

Question 44

hypertrophy vs. hyperplasia

Answer 44

Hypertrophy – enlargement of existing cells

hyperplasia – an increase in the number of normal cells.