Lec 3: Urinary System Histology II

Question 0

characteristic histological structures of S1, S2, S3

3 things

Answer 0

microvillus brush border (MBB)
lots of mitochondria & lysosomes
cuboidal cells

Question 1

PCT

Answer 1

proximal convoluted tubule

65% of filtrate reabsorption

Question 2

S1

Answer 2

taller
tall MBB
more MT than S2

Question 3

S3

Answer 3

less active transport
fewer MT
thick MBB
(descending thick)

Question 4

proximal tubules are sensitive to?

Answer 4

ischemia

debris within tubules

Question 5

mercury is specifically toxic to ?

Answer 5

S2

Question 6

chemotherapeutic cis-platinum is specifically toxic to ?

Answer 6

S3

Question 7

loop of henle

Answer 7

15% of filtrate reabsorption

Question 8

LOHs enter the medulla to varying depths because of ?

Answer 8

nephron heterogeneity

superficial, midcortical, & juxtamedullary-15%-nephrons

Question 9

outer medulla

Answer 9

2 stripes

thick descending, thick ascending, collecting ducts

Question 10

inner medulla

Answer 10

THIN SEGMENTS ONLY

(ascending & descending), collecting ducts

Question 11

descending thick

Answer 11

S3 cells 
cuboidal 
straight intercellular borders 
fewer MT than S2
thick MBB

Question 12

thin LOH

Answer 12

simple squamous

Question 13

ascending thick

Answer 13

transitions back to cuboidal w/NO MBB

lots of MT

Question 14

descending limb

Answer 14

permeable to water for the purpose of concentrating filtrate

Question 15

ascending limb

Answer 15

permeable to salts via active & passive transport for the purpose of diluting filtrate

Question 16

distal tubule

Answer 16

10% of filtrate reabsorption

cuboidal cells
NO MBB
less sensitive to ischemia

Question 17

collecting ducts

Answer 17

9% of filtrate reabsorption

found from cortex in medullary rays down to papillary region of medulla

Question 18

principal cells

Answer 18

straight intercellular borders
few organelles
stain poorly

Question 19

intercalated cells

Answer 19

fuzzy luminal border
many organelles
stain more darkly
usually found in cortex

Question 20

as the collecting duct approaches the papillary ducts

Answer 20

cells become more columnar

Question 21

medullary rays

Answer 21

found in cortex
contain LOHs for superficial nephrons
thick descending & ascending LOH, collecting ducts

NO THIN LOH SEGMENTS

Question 22

things found in the cortex of the kidney (4 things)

Answer 22

PCT/DCT
renal corpuscle
macula densa
medullary rays (thick LOH & CDs, NO THIN SEGMENTS)

Question 23

transitional epithelium is only found in?

Answer 23

urinary passages

dome-shaped, often binucleated cells