Soft tissues of the back

Question 1

Bounded by the upper border of the latissimus dorsi, the lateral border of the trapezius, and the medial border of the scapula.

Answer 1

Triangle of Auscultation

Question 2

What formed the floor of Triangle of Auscultation?

Answer 2

rhomboid major

Question 3

Formed by the iliac crest, latissimus dorsi, and posterior free border of the external oblique abdominal muscle

Answer 3

Lumbar Triangle (of Petit)

Question 4

What formed the floor of Lumbar Triangle (of Petit)?

Answer 4

internal oblique abdominal muscle

Question 5

The site where breathing sounds can be heard most clearly using a stethoscope invented by Laennec in 1816

Answer 5

Triangle of Auscultation

Question 6

It may be the site of an abdominal hernia.

Answer 6

Lumbar Triangle (of Petit)

Question 7

Invests the deep muscles of the back, having an anterior layer that lies anterior to the erector spinae and attaches to the vertebral transverse process, and a posterior layer that lies posterior to the erector spinae and attaches to the spinous processes.

Answer 7

Thoracolumbar (Lumbodorsal) Fascia

Question 8

Very strong fibrous tissue in posterior lower back

Answer 8

Thoracolumbar (Lumbodorsal) Fascia

Question 9

Serves as an attachment of the latissimus dorsi, internal oblique muscle and transverse abdominis muscles

Answer 9

Thoracolumbar (Lumbodorsal) Fascia

Question 10

Arises from the thyrocervical trunk of the subclavian artery and divides into the superficial and deep branches

Answer 10

Transverse Cervical Artery

Question 11

Arises from the external carotid artery, runs deep to the sternocleidomastoid muscle, and lies on the obliquus capitis superior and the semispinalis capitis.

Answer 11

Occipital Artery

Question 12

Consists of cranial portion that joins the vagus nerve and a spinal portion that runs deep to the sternocleidomastoid, lies on the levator scapulae, and passes deep to the trapezius

Answer 12

Accessory Nerve

Question 13

what do the Accessory Nerve innervate?

Answer 13

sternocleidomastoid(SCM)

trapezius muscles

Question 14

Derived from the ventral primary ramus of the fifth cervical nerve, runs along with the deep branch of the transverse cervical artery, and supplies the rhomboid major and minor and levator scapulae muscles

Answer 14

Dorsal Scapular Nerve (C5)

Question 15

What does the Dorsal Scapular Nerve (C5) innervate?

Answer 15

rhomboid major and minor

levator scapulae muscle

Question 16

Derived as a medial branch of the dorsal primary ramus, the second cervical spinal nerve

Answer 16

Greater Occipital Nerve (C2)

Question 17

Crosses obliquely between the obliques inferior and the semispinalis capitis, pierces the semispinalis capitis and the trapezius, and supplies cutaneous innervation in the occipital region

Answer 17

Greater Occipital Nerve (C2)

Question 18

What does the Greater Occipital Nerve (C2) innervate?

Answer 18

supplies cutaneous innervation in the occipital region,

May innervate the semispinalis capitis and communicates with the suboccipital and third occipital nerves

Question 19

Derived from the dorsal primary ramus of the third cervical spinal nerve

Answer 19

Third (Least) Occipital Nerve (C3)

Question 20

What does the Third (Least) Occipital Nerve (C3) innervate?

Answer 20

supplies cutaneous innervation in the occipital region

Question 21

Derived from the ventral primary ramus of the second cervical spinal spine

Answer 21

Lesser Occipital Nerve (C2)

Question 22

what does Lesser Occipital Nerve (C2) innervate?

Answer 22

the scalp behind the auricle

Question 23

what consists the Superficial Layer: Spinotransverse Group?

Answer 23

splenius capitis

splenius cervicis

Question 24

What are the functions of the Spinotransverse group?

Answer 24

Extend, rotate and laterally flex the head and neck

Question 25

what consists the Intermediate Layer: Sacrospinalis Group?

Answer 25

erector spinae (sacrospinalis)

• iliocostalis
• longissimus
• spinalis

Question 26

What are the functions of the Sacrospinalis group?

Answer 26

Extend, rotate, and laterally flex the vertebral column and head

Question 27

What are postural muscles?

Answer 27

Sacrospinalis group

Question 28

In terms of back muscles, it is a great stabilizer of the back area to maintain an erect posture.

Answer 28

Sacrospinalis group/ erector spinae

Question 29

what consists the Deep Layer: Transversospinalis Group?

Answer 29

semispinalis (capitis, cervicis, thoracis)
multifudus
rotators

Question 30

What are the functions of the Transversospinalis group?

Answer 30

Extend and rotate the head, neck, and trunk

Question 31

Innervated by the dorsal primary rami of the spinal nerves

Answer 31

Segmental Muscles

Question 32

Run between the adjacent spinous processes and aid in extension of the vertebral column

Answer 32

Interspinales

Question 33

Run between adjacent transverse processes and aid in lateral flexion of the vertebral column

Answer 33

Intertransversarii

Question 34

Extend from the transverse processes to ribs, elavate the ribs, and are innervated by the intercostal nerves

Answer 34

Levatores Costarum (Longus and Brevis)