muscle Flashcards
- Consists predominantly of contractile cells
* Produces the movements of various parts of the body by contraction
Muscle
Both voluntary and striated
skeletal muscle
enclosed by __ , a thin layer of connective tissue.
epimysium
Smaller bundles of muscle fibers are surrounded by __
perimysium
Individual muscle fiber is enclosed by __
endomysium
Multinucleated
Skeletal Muscle
○ Involuntary and striated
Cardiac Muscle
what does cardiac muscle form? (the middle layer of heart)
myocardium
Includes specialized myocardial fibers that form the cardiac __ __
conducting system
Uninucleated
Cardiac Muscle
Presence of intercalated discs
Cardiac Muscle
Involuntary and nonstriated
Smooth Muscle
Muscles in digestive system
Smooth Muscle
Has circular and longitudinal layer
Smooth Muscle
○ Innervated by the autonomic nervous system (ANS) but contracts spontaneously without any nerve supply.
Cardiac Muscle
Innervated by ANS
Smooth Muscle
Undergoes rhythmic contractions called peristaltic waves in the walls of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, uterine tubes, ureters, and other organs.
Smooth Muscle
Uninucleated
Smooth Muscle
Fusiform shape
Smooth Muscle
Fibrous bands of dense connective tissue that connect muscles to bones or cartilage
Tendons
Fibrous bands that connect bones to bones or cartilage or are folds of peritoneum serving to support visceral structures
Ligaments
The line of union of symmetrical structures by a fibrous or tendinous band such as the pterygomandibular, pharyngeal, and scrotal raphes
Raphe
Flat fibrous sheets or expanded broad tendons that attach to muscles and serves as the means of origin or insertion of a flat muscle
Aponeuroses
A fibrous band that holds a structure in place in the region of joints
Retinaculum
Are fluid-filled flattened sacs of synovial membrane that facilitate movement by minimizing friction
Bursae
○ Synovial fluid-filled tubular sacs around muscle tendons that facilitate movement by reducing friction
Synovial Tendon Sheaths
3 Factors in Joint Stability:
○ Muscle tone
○ Ligaments
○ Fit of Articular Surface
• Fibrous sheet that envelops the body under the skin and invests the muscles and may limit the spread of pus and extravasated fluids such as urine and blood
Fascia
• A loose connective tissue between the dermis and the deep (investing) fascia and has a fatty superficial layer (fat, cutaneous vessels, nerves, lymphatics, and glands) and a membranous deep layer
Superficial Fascia
- Sheet of fibrous tissue that invests the muscles and helps support them by serving as an elastic sheath or stocking
- Provides origins or insertions for muscles, forms fibrous sheaths or retinacula for tendons, and forms potential pathways for infection or extravasation of fluids.
Deep Fascia
