circulatory

Question 1

• Functions to transport vital materials such as oxygen, nutrients, and waste products including carbon dioxide, hormones, defense elements, and ells involved in wound healing.

Answer 1

Vascular system

Question 2

what consists circulatory system?

Answer 2

heart and vessels

Question 3

a set of channels that begin in the tissue spaces and return excess tissue fluid to the bloodstream.

Answer 3

lymphatic vessels

Question 4

• Transports blood from the right ventricle through the pulmonary arteries to the lungs for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide and returns it to the left atrium of the heart through the pulmonary veins.

Answer 4

Pulmonary Circulation

Question 5

Transports blood from the left ventricle through the aorta to all parts of the body and returns it to the right atrium through the superior and inferior venae cavae and the cardiac veins.

Answer 5

Systemic Circulation

Question 6

when there’s decrease oxygen, it would vasodilate

Answer 6

Hypoxic vasodilation

Question 7

where does Hypoxic vasodilation occur?

Answer 7

Systemic Circulation

Question 8

A hollow, muscular, four-chambered organ that pumps blood to two seperate circulatory loops, the pulmonary circulation and the systemic circulation.

Answer 8

Heart

Question 9

what is the pacemaker of the heart?

Answer 9

sinoatrial node

Question 10

Receives oxygenated blood from the right and left coronary arteries, which arise from the __ __

Answer 10

ascending aorta

Question 11

Describe systemic circulation process

Answer 11

○ Left atrium - mitral/ bicuspid valve - left ventricle - aortic valve - aorta

Question 12

Describe pulmonary circulation process

Answer 12

○ Right atrium - tricuspid valve - right ventricle- pulmonary valve - pulmonary artery

Question 13

• Carry blood to the lungs, where carbon dioxide is exchanged for oxygen.
  
  • Carry blood to the intestines, where nutritive materials in fluid form are absorbed, and to the endocrine glands, where hormones pass through the vessel walls and are distributed to target cells.
  • Transport the waste products of tissue fluid to the kidneys, intestines, lungs, and skin, where they are excreted.

Answer 13

Blood Vessels

Question 14

4 types of blood vessels

Answer 14

arteries, veins, capillaries, and sinusoids.

Question 15

what are the parts of an artery?

Answer 15

tunica intima, tunica media, tunica externa/adventitia

Question 16

what are the parts of tunica intima?

Answer 16

internal elastic membrane, endothelium

Question 17

what is the largest amount in elastic arteries?

Answer 17

elastic fibers

Question 18

what is the largest amount in muscular arteries?

Answer 18

smooth muscles

Question 19

what is missing in arteriole?

Answer 19

tunica externa/adventitia

Question 20

what is present in the endothelium of arteriole?

Answer 20

fenestrations so blood can be transported outside the vessel

Question 21

what is the term for tunica intima in arteriole?

Answer 21

basement membrane

Question 22

• Composed of endothelium and its basement membrane and connect the arterioles to the venules.

Answer 22

capillaries

Question 23

• The sites of exchange of carbon dioxide, oxygen, nutrients, and waste products between the tissues and the blood.

Answer 23

capillaries

Question 24

it is where the arterioles and venules have direct connections

Answer 24

arteriovenous anastomoses) or shunts

Question 25

no capillary intervening between arteries and vein; can be dangerous; not normal in some parts of the body

Answer 25

Arteriovenous malformation (AVM) in the brain

Question 26

• Return blood to the heart from the capillary beds and consist of the pulmonary veins, which return oxygenated blood to the heart from the lungs, and the systemic veins, which return deoxygenated blood to the heart from the rest of the body.

Answer 26

Veins

Question 27

prevent the reflux of blood in veins

Answer 27

valves

Question 28

composition of veins that closely accompany muscular arteries in the limbs

Answer 28

venae comitantes

Question 29

• Wider and more irregular than capillaries and substitute for capillaries in some organs, such as the liver, spleen, red bone marrow, adenohypophysis (in pituitary gland), suprarenal cortex, and parathyroid glands.

Answer 29

Sinusoids

Question 30

Sinusoids Often contain phagocytic cells on their walls and form a part of the __ __ which is concerned chiefly with phagocytosis and antibody formation.

Answer 30

reticuloendothelial system

Question 31

• Is a system in which blood collected from one capillary network passes through a large vessel(s) and then a second capillary network before it returns to the systemic circulation.

Answer 31

Portal System

Question 32

blood from the intestinal capillary bed passes through the hepatic portal vein and then hepatic capillaries (sinusoids) to the hepatic veins

Answer 32

hepatic portal system

Question 33

blood from the hypothalamic capillaries passes through the hypophyseal portal veins and then the pituitary capillary sinusoids to the hypophyseal veins.

Answer 33

hypophyseal portal system

Question 34

blood circulation of liver

Answer 34

hepatic portal circulation

Question 35

What is the thick part in vein which is thin in artery?

Answer 35

tunica adventitia

Question 36

Which has lower pressure, vein or artery?

Answer 36

vein

Question 37

describe hepatic portal circulation process

Answer 37

artery, first capillary bed, portal venules, hepatic portal vein, second capillary bed (more dilated and bigger): sinusoids, hepatic vein, to the venous system (inferior vena cava)