LE: Joints and Ligaments Flashcards
Are hinge-type (ginglymus) synovial joints that are enclosed by articular capsules and are reinforced by the plantar and collateral ligaments
Interphalangeal Joints
Resists inversion of the foot and may be torn during an ankle sprain (inversion injury
Lateral Ligament
Consists of the anterior talofibular, posterior talofibular, and calcaneofibular (cordlike) ligaments.
Lateral Ligament
Four parts of Medial (Deltoid) Ligament?
tibionavicular, tibiocalcaneal, anterior tibiotalar, and posterior tibiotalar ligaments
Extends from the medial malleolus to the navicular bone, calcaneus, and talus.
Medial (Deltoid) Ligament
Prevents overeversion of the foot and helps maintain the medial longitudinal arch
Medial (Deltoid) Ligament
Is a fibrous joint between the tibia and the fibula which prevents anterior and posterior slipping of the tibia and fibula on the talus.
Distal Tibiofibular Joint
Is a plane-type synovial joint between the head of the fibula and the tibia that allows a little gliding movement.
Proximal Tibiofibular Joint
A swelling behind the knee, caused by the knee arthritis, meniscus injury, or herniation or tear of the joint capsule.
Popliteal (Baker) Cyst
Inflammation of the infrapatellar bursa located between the patellar ligament and the skin (deep bursa lies between the patellar ligament and tibia)
Infrapatellar (superficial) bursitis (clergyman knee)
Inflammation and swelling of the prepatellar bursa
Prepatellar bursitis (housemaid knee)
What innervates the hip joint?
branches of the femoral, obturator, sciatic and superior gluteal nerves ,
nerve to the quadratus femoris (FOSSGQ)
A deformity in which the tibia is bent or twisted laterally.
Knock-knee (genu valgum)
Arises as a strong cordlike tendon from the lateral aspect of the lateral femoral condyle and runs between the lateral meniscus and the capsule of the knee joint deep to the fibular collateral ligament.
Popliteus Tendon
- Is an oblique expansion of the semimembranosus tendon and passes upward obliquely across the posterior surface of the knee joint from the medial condyle of the tibia.
- Resists hyperextension of the leg and lateral rotation during the final phase of extension.
Oblique Popliteal Ligament
Inflammation and swelling of the prepatellar bursa.
Prepatellar bursitis
Lies between the tibial collateral ligament and the tendons of the sartorius, gracilis, and semitendinosus muscles.
Anserine Bursa (Known as the Pes Anserinus [Goose Foot])
Consists of a subcutaneous infrapatellar bursa over the patellar ligament and a deep infrapatellar bursa deep to the patellar ligament.
Infrapatellar Bursa
Lies over the superficial surface of the patella.
Prepatellar Bursa
Lies deep to the quadriceps femoris muscle and is the major bursa communicating with the knee joint cavity (the semimembranosus bursa also may communicate with it)
Suprapatellar Bursa
A tap on the patellar tendon elicits extension of the knee joint. Femoral nerve (L2-L4)
Patellar tendon reflex
A deformity in which the tibia is bent medially.
Bowleg (genu varum)
Arises from the head of the fibula, arches superiorly and medially over the tendon of the popliteus muscle on the back of the knee joint, and fuses with the articular capsule.
Arcuate Popliteal Ligament
- Is a strong flattened fibrous band that is the continuation of the quadriceps femoris tendon. Its portion may be used for repair of the anterior cruciate ligament.
- Extends from the apex of the patella to the tuberosity of the tibia.
Patellar Ligament (Tendon)