Soc 12-Skeletal System Flashcards
What are the 5 functions of the skeletal system
-Protection of Vital Organs
-Muscle Attachment
-Joints for movement
-Storing calcium and phosphorus
-Red and White Blood cells
What is the skull called
Cranium
What are the shoulderblades called
Scapula
What is the big shin bone called
Tibia
What is the small shin bone called
Fibula
What bone is in the middle of the ribcage
Sternum
What are the fingers and toes called
Phalanges
What are the wrists called
Carpals
What is the scapula
Your shoulderblades
What is the bone above your rib cage called
Clavicle
What is the big bone located by your glutes called
Pelvis
What is your knee cap called
Patella
What is the middle of your hand called
Metacarpal
What is the middle of your feet called
Metatarsels
What is your neck bone called
Vertebrae
What is your tailbone called
Coxix
What is the outer bone in the lower arm called
Radius
What is the inner bone in the lower arm called
Ulna
What is the bone in the upper arm called
Humerus
What is the upper part of the hand called
Carpals
What is the bottom bone in the vertebrae called
Coccyx
What is the top section of bones in the vertebrae called and how many bones does it have in it
Cervical,7 Bones
What section of bones in the vertebrae has 12 bones in it and where is it in the vertebrae
Thoraic,The second section down
What is the spine called
Vertebrae
What is the 3rd section in the vertebrae called and how many bones does it have in it
Lumbar,5 bones
Are the cervical bones fused
No
Where is the Sacrum and how many bones does it have in it
The 4th section of the vertebrae with 5 bones fused
Are the coccyx bones fused
Yes
What are the 5 sections of the vertebrae called
Cervical,Thoraic,Lumbar,Sacrum,Coccyx
What are the 4 types of bones
Long bones,short bones,flat bones,irregular bones
What do long bones do
They are vital to Generate movement,strength and speed.(levers/strength).They generate power and so are useful in activities such as sprinting and long jump
What do short bones do
Weight bearing activities,shock absorption and spreading loads.such as long distance running,playing tennis or dancing
What do irregular bones do
Protect/generate movement
What do flat bones do
Protect vital organs/muscle attachments.For example the scapula has 3 muscles attached to it and the ribs protect the heart
What are long bones classified as
Bones that are longer than they are wide it also has a shaft and two ends
What are short bones classified as
They are generally the same in size,length and thickness they can be found in the carpals and the tarsals
What do flat bones help in sport
They protect your organs in contact sport and also provide attachment for muscles to provide movement
What are irregular bones classified as
They have very odd shapes and vary in function.For example the vertebrae which helps protect the spinal cord
How do irregular bones help in sport
They offer protection for contact sports like rugby and have very specific functions such as the second and first vertebrae which allow the head to turn and nod.This helps us in football to head the ball
What is flextion
A bending movement that decreases the angle between body parts
Which joints provide flexion
Shoulder,hip,elbow
What is an example of flexion
Somebody working out in the gym bends their arm up in a bicep curl
What is Extension
A straightening movement that increases the angle between body parts
What joints provide extension
Shoulder,hip
What are some examples in sport of extension
A swimmer swings the arm backwards in preperation for a racing dive
What is adduction
Movement that pulls towards the midline of the body
What joints provide adduction
Shoulder,hip
What is an example of adduction in sport
A golfer on the tee swings down towards the ball
What is an example of abduction
Movement that pulls away from the midline of the body
What is a joint
A place where two or more bones meet
What are the four types of joints
Pivot,Hinge,Ball and Socket,Condyloid.
What does a pivot joint do
Allow bones to rotate,one bone shaped like a cylinder rotates inside another bone or ligament that makes a ring around it
What is an example of a pivot joint
The first two vertabrae form a pivot
What is a hinge joint
A joint that only allows backwards and foward movement
What is an example of a hinge joint
Knee,ankle,elbow
What is a ball and socket joint
A joint where the rounded head of a long bone (the ball) fits into a cup shaped hole (socket)
What is an example of a ball and socket joint
The hip,shoulder
What is a condyloid joint
A joint that is similar to a ball and socket but the ball rests against the end of the bone not inside it.This allows for circular motion
What is an example of a condyloid joint
Wrist
What is circumduction
The circular movement of a limb
What is rotation
The turning around the axis
What is the jawline called
The mandible
