Soc 12 And 13:The Skeletal System Flashcards
What are the 5 fuctions of the skeletal system?
- Protection of Vital organs
- Muscle attachment
- Joints for movement
- Storing calcium and phosphorus
- Red and White blood cell production
What is the real name for the Shoulder Blaid:
Scapula
What is the real name for the coller bone:
Clavicle
The bones you have in your spine:
Thorantic
Lumbar
Coxxyc
The Bones in your hand/wrist (cufflings):
Carpals
Metacarpals
Phalanges
The bones in your foot/ankle (toes):
Tarsals
Metatarsals
Phalangels
The bones in the leg:
Femur
Patella
Tibia
Fibula
The bones in the arm:
Radius
Ulna
Hummerus
What bones are in the torso:
Sternum
Rib Cage
Pelvis
Scapula
Clavicle
What is the long bones:
Long bones are longer than they are wide. They don’t have to be big, small bones like finger bones (phalanges) count as long bones. A long bone has a shaft and two ends.
What is the short bones:
Short bones are generally the same size in length, width and thickness. The only short bones in the body are the carpals (cuffs) in the wrist and the tarsals (toes) in the foot.
What is the flat bones:
Flat bones usually protect organs or offer a good surface for muscles to attach to. For example, the ribs protect the heart and lungs, while the broad scapula has three muscles attached to it. Other flat bones are; scapula, cranium and clavicle.
What is the irregular bones:
Irregular bones have odd shapes and vary in function. An example is the vertebrae which help protects the spinal column and the sacrum which has lots of attachment points.
What is the Pivot Joint?
Pivot joints allow bones to rotate
They help with your head and wrist rotation
Hinge Joints
It allows for a foward and backward motion.
Three hinge joints:Knee,Elbow and ankle
Ball and Socket
In a ball and socket joint, the round head of a long bone(the ball) fits into a cup shaped hole (the socket).
Condyloid Joint
A condyloid joint is similar to a ball and socket joint but they rest against the end of a bone.
What is the movement of Flexion?
bending movement that decreases the angle between body parts
Examples of Flexion in sports:
Someone working out in the gym bends their arm up when doing a bicep curl.
What is the movement of extension?
straightening movement that increases the angle between body parts
Examples of Extention in sports:
A swimmer swings the arm backwards in preparation for a racing dive
What is the movement of Dorsiflexion?
bending or flexing the toes up, closer to the shin
Examples of Dorsiflexion in sports:
A sprinter positions their feet in the starting blocks
What is the movement of Plantar Flexion?
extending or pointing the toes down, away from the shin
Examples of Plantar Flexion in sports:
A floor gymnast points their toes
What is movement of Adduction?
movement that pulls towards the midline of the body
Examples of Adduction in sports:
A golfer on the tee swings the club down towards the ball
What is the movement of Abduction?
movement that pulls away from the midline of the body
Examples of Abduction in sports:
A gymnast moves their arms out sideways at the shoulder when performing ‘the crucifixno the rings
What is the movement of rotation?
movement around a single axis or pivot point
Examples of Rotation in sports:
A tennis player serves
What is the movement of Circumduction?
moving in a circular or conical shape
Examples of Circumduction in sports:
A cricketer bowls a ball
What is a tendon? And why are they important in sport?
Tendons are non elastic fibres that attach muscle to the bone and allows them to move. Which allows to apply power and movement.
What is a ligament? And why are they so important in sport?
Ligaments are elastic fibres that joints bone to bone, usually to hold things together and keep them stable. They keep your skeleton supported whilst allowing movement.
