Soc 11: Peformance Enhacing Drugs

Question 1

Why do people take performance enhancing drugs? (PED’S)

Answer 1

• Improve their performance
• Some people are encouraged to donsonby their coaches or fellow athletes
• The reward of winning (Gold medal in some sports is said to be worth a million dollars in edorsements).
• Pressure

Question 2

What is a Anabolic Steroids?

Answer 2

Anabolic steroids: drugs that mimic the male sex hormone testosterone and promote bone and muscles growth.

Question 3

Benefits of Anabolic Steroids

Answer 3

Anabolic steroids are used to enhance performance. Taken to increase muscles mass and develop bone growth, therefore increasing strength while at the same time allowing the athlete to train harder and recover quicker.

Question 4

Negatives of Anabolic Steroids

Answer 4

Side effects: increased risk of muscle injury, increased risk of heart attacks and strokes, high blood pressure and even death!

Question 5

What is a beta blocker?

Answer 5

Beta blockers: drugs that are used to control the heart rate and have a calming and relaxing effect.

Question 6

Benefits of Beta blockers

Answer 6

Benefits: beta blockers can help targets sports where steadiness and precision are required, because they reduce heart rate.

Question 7

Negative of beta blockers

Answer 7

nausea, diarrhoea, tiredness, depression, insomnia and nightmares.

Question 8

What is Narcotic analegsics

Answer 8

Narcotic analgesics - these are painkillers that are used to help an injured athlete continue to train and perform in big competitions despite their injury or allow an endurance athlete to tolerate a greater level of pain. This can be dangerous for an athlete as their injury may worsen by continuing to perform.

Question 9

Benefit of Narcotic analgesics

Answer 9

Benefits: these drugs act by depressing the central nervous system and give relief from painful injuries, but allowing the injured player to take part, they can increase the risk of severe or long-lasting injury.

Question 10

Negatives of Narcotic analegisics

Answer 10

Side effects: Loss of coordination, loss of balance, loss of concentration and emotional effects.

Question 11

What is Diuretics?

Answer 11

Diuretics: drugs that elevate the rate of urine production.

Question 12

Benefits of Diuretics

Answer 12

Benefits: this can help performers who need to lose weight. Diuretics may also be used to reduce the concentration of any other banned substance that may be present in the urine.

Question 13

Negative of Diuretics

Answer 13

Side effects: dehydration, which can cause dizziness, muscle cramps, headaches and nausea.

Question 14

What is Peptide Hormones?

Answer 14

Peptide hormones: increases the rate of production of red blood cells.

Question 15

Benefits of peptide hormones

Answer 15

Benefits: Increase muscles growth, assist in recovery from injury and heavy training sessions. Allows the body to carry extra oxygen, and disperse waste products and lactic acid.

Question 16

Negatives of peptide hormones

Answer 16

Side effects: Blood becomes thicker, which makes it more difficult to pass through the small capillaries and increases the risk of heart attack or stroke.

Question 17

What is growth hormones?

Answer 17

is used to increase their muscles development (very similar to steroids).

Question 18

Benefits of growth hormones

Answer 18

Benefits: Increase muscles growth (strength and size). Not as many side effects as steroids.

Question 19

Negatives of growth hormones

Answer 19

Side effects: Minimal side effects, can be detected by a blood test and not in your urine.

Question 20

What is a stimulant?

Answer 20

Stimulants: drugs that have an effect on the central nervous system, such as/ or physical alertness. E.g. amphetamines, ephedrine and cocaine, as well as nicotine and caffeine.

Question 21

Benefits of a stimulant

Answer 21

Benefits: Increase alertness, enabling people to think more by stimulating the central nervous system. Overcome tiredness. Reduce the effects of lactic acid on muscles.

Question 22

Negatives of a stimulant

Answer 22

Side effects: insomnia, irregular/ increased heart beat, high blood pressure and addiction.

Question 23

Blood Doping (proccess not a drug)

Answer 23

• Blood doping is a banned process - not a banned drug.
• Blooding doping involves boosting the number of red blood cells in the bloodstream in order to improve performance.
• As red blood cells carry 02 to the muscles, having more of these cells in your blood can improve your aerobic capacity and in turn your endurance.
• It is well known that if an athlete trains at high altitude the oxygen carrying capacity of their blood increases. For this reason, athletes born at high altitude have a distinct advantage in endurance events.