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Committee Exam 4 > Smooth Muscles Physiology > Flashcards

Smooth Muscles Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following is NOT a property of smooth muscles?
a) Involuntary
b) Striated
c) Non-fatigable
d) Slow to contract

A

Striated

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2
Q

Smooth muscles are found in which of the following organs?
a) Heart
b) Skeletal muscles
c) Stomach
d) Biceps

A

Smooth

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3
Q

Smooth muscles are controlled by which of the following nervous systems?
a) Somatic nervous system
b) Autonomic nervous system
c) Central nervous system
d) None of the above

A

Autonomic nervous system

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4
Q

Smooth muscles are characterized by which of the following shapes?
a) Circular
b) Longitudinal
c) Both A and B
d) None of the above

A

Both A and B

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5
Q

Smooth muscles are slower to contract than skeletal muscles because they lack which of the following structures?
a) Sarcomeres
b) T-tubules
c) Calcium ions
d) None of the above

A

Sarcomeres

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6
Q

Which of the following is NOT a function of smooth muscles?
a) Constriction of blood vessels
b) Regulation of blood pressure
c) Movement of bones
d) Movement of food through the digestive tract

A

Movement of bones

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7
Q

Smooth muscles are capable of sustained contractions because they have which of the following characteristics?
a) High fatigue resistance
b) Rapid contraction speed
c) Striations
d) None of the above

A

High fatigue resistance

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8
Q

True or False: Smooth muscles are found in the walls of hollow organs such as the bladder and uterus.

A

True

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9
Q

True or False: Smooth muscles are controlled by conscious thought and can be voluntarily contracted.

A

False

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10
Q

Smooth muscles are ________ in shape, allowing them to contract and relax in a coordinated fashion.

A

Spindle-shaped

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11
Q

Which of the following is NOT a type of smooth muscle?
a) Visceral smooth muscle
b) Multiunit smooth muscle
c) Cardiac smooth muscle
d) None of the above

A

Cardiac smooth muscle

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12
Q

Multiunit smooth muscle is found in which of the following organs?
a) Blood vessels
b) Respiratory tract
c) Uterus
d) All of the above

A

Blood vessels

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13
Q

Visceral smooth muscle is also known as which of the following?
a) Unitary smooth muscle
b) Single-unit smooth muscle
c) Both A and B
d) None of the above

A

Both A and B

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14
Q

Multiunit smooth muscle is characterized by which of the following?
a) Each cell contracts independently
b) Cells are connected by gap junctions
c) Both A and B
d) None of the above

A

Each cell contracts independently

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15
Q

Visceral smooth muscle is found in which of the following organs?
a) Stomach
b) Intestines
c) Bladder
d) All of the above

A

All of the above

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16
Q

True or False: Multiunit smooth muscle is often found in organs that require precise control over contraction, such as the iris of the eye.

A

True

17
Q

Visceral smooth muscle cells are connected by gap junctions, allowing for _____________ contraction of the entire organ.

A

Coordinated

18
Q

Phasic smooth muscles are characterized by which of the following?
a) Prolonged contractions
b) Slow, sustained contractions
c) Rapid, intermittent contractions
d) None of the above

A

Rapid, intermittent contractions

19
Q

Tonic smooth muscles are characterized by which of the following?
a) Rapid, intermittent contractions
b) Slow, sustained contractions
c) Prolonged contractions
d) None of the above

A

Slow, sustained contractions

20
Q

Phasic smooth muscles are found in which of the following organs?
a) Bladder
b) Intestines
c) Uterus
d) All of the above

A

All of the above

21
Q

Phasic smooth muscles are important for propulsion and mixing of materials in the digestive tract. True or false?

A

True

22
Q

Tonic smooth muscles are important for maintaining muscle tone and controlling blood pressure. True or false?

A

True

23
Q

Phasic smooth muscles have a ___________ period between contractions, allowing for relaxation and recovery.

A

resting

24
Q

Tonic smooth muscles are able to maintain a constant ___________, even in the absence of external stimuli.

A

Contraction

25
Q

____________ release neurotransmitter into a wide synaptic cleft in the general area
of the smooth muscle cells.

A

VARICOSITES

26
Q

Is smooth muscle Excitatory, Inhibitory, or Both?

A

skeletal muscle is only Excitatory!

27
Q

The main contractile protein in smooth muscle is called:
a) Actin
b) Myosin
c) Troponin
d) Tropomyosin

A

Myosin

28
Q

The activation of myosin in smooth muscle is regulated by which of the following?
a) Calcium ions
b) Sodium ions
c) Potassium ions
d) Chloride ions

A

Calcium ions

29
Q

Smooth muscle cells lack which of the following structures found in skeletal muscle cells?
a) Sarcomeres
b) Myofibrils
c) Both A and B
d) None of the above

A

Both A and B

30
Q

The activation of myosin in smooth muscle cells is regulated by the phosphorylation of a protein called ____________.

A

Myosin light chain

31
Q

The contractile mechanism in smooth muscle is primarily controlled by the autonomic nervous system. True or false?

A

True

32
Q

Smooth muscle cells are able to maintain a low level of calcium ions in the cytoplasm through the action of a protein pump called the _____________ pump.
a) Calcium ATPase
b) Sodium-potassium ATPase
c) Chloride ATPase
d) None of the above

A

Calcium ATPase

33
Q

In smooth muscle, action potentials are initiated by the influx of which ion into the cell?
a) Sodium ions
b) Potassium ions
c) Calcium ions
d) Chloride ions

A

Calcium ions

34
Q

The repolarization phase of the action potential in smooth muscle is primarily due to the efflux of which ion out of the cell?
a) Sodium ions
b) Potassium ions
c) Calcium ions
d) Chloride ions

A

Potassium ions

35
Q

The action potential in smooth muscle can be initiated by which of the following stimuli?
a) Stretch
b) Hormones
c) Neurotransmitters
d) All of the above

A

All of the above

36
Q

The initiation of an action potential in smooth muscle is often referred to as the ____________ potential.

A

Slow-wave

37
Q

The duration of spike action potential of smooth muscle is?

A

The duration of this type of action potential is 10 to 50 milliseconds.

Committee Exam 4 (35 decks)

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