Sketchy: Trematodes Flashcards
What is the intermediate host of Schistosoma?
snails
What s/s of Schistosoma is common across all 3 types?
swimmer’s itch
Where do Schistosoma mature into adults within the human body?
in the liver
Cue:
- orca with snails and seagulls with rope hanging off his leg that a crab grabbed onto
- orca = Clonorchis sinensis
- snails = intermediate host
- seagull = gallstones
- rope = biliary fibrosis
- crab = cholangiocarcinoma
Schistosoma have free-living _____ that penetrate the skin, usually in an aquatic environment.
circariai
Large lateral spine
Schistosoma mansoni
Who is at risk for Schistosoma?
swimmers
What is the Chinese Liver Fluke?
Clonorchis sinensis
What are the s/s of Schistosoma haematobium?
- hematuria
- bladder CA
Cue:
- black rocks with a seagull resting on top
- seagull = gallstones
- black rocks = pigmented stones
Cue:
- penguins with bloody lung spots eating crab legs and pretzels
- penguins = Pargonimus westermani
- causes chronic cough w/ bloody sputum
- crab legs = transmission = eating larvae from raw/undercooked crab meat
- pretzel = praziquantel (tx)
What is the tx for Clonorchis sinensis?
praziquantel
Where does Schistosoma haematobium reside within the human body?
in the veins in the bladder
How is Pargonimus westermani transmitted?
consumption of raw or undercooked crab meat
What is the tx for Pargonimus westermani?
praziquantel
How is Clonorchis sinensis transmitted?
eating cysts and larvae from uncooked fish
What does Pargonimus westermani cause?
chronic cough w/ bloody sputum
What are the 3 types of Schistosoma?
- mansoni
- japonicum
- haematobium
What is the tx for Schistosoma?
praziquantel
How is Pargonimus westermani diagnosed?
operculated eggs on stool O&P
What does Clonorchis sinensis cause?
- biliary tract fibrosis
- pigmented gallstones
- cholangeocarcinoma
What is the tx for all trematodes?
praziquantel
Why is it important to treat Schistosoma ASAP?
bc it can progress to CA
Cue:
- pretzel
Praziquantel (tx)
Cue:
- eggs in the water with little pigmented tops
- operculated eggs on stool O&P = Clonorchis sinensis
What s/s of Schistosoma is common to mansoni and japonicum?
portal HTN –> GI hemorrhage, ab pain –> cirrhosis, liver failure
Cue:
- port hole with blue fish swimming towards the coral and two red fish swimming the other direction- one with a large lateral spine in front of a man statue, and the other in front of Japanese tourists with a small spine
- port hole = portal circulation
- blue fish = portal blood stream (venous blood)
- red fish in front of man statue = Schistosoma mansoni
- red fish in front of Japanese = Schistosoma japonicum
- *** swimming other way = upstream migration
How is Schistosoma diagnosed?
stool O&P
large terminal spine
Schistosoma haematobium
Cue:
- red swordfish piercing a jellyfish and a crab
- Schistosoma haematobium = large terminal spine
- jellyfish = bladder (hematuria)
- crab = cancer
What is the intermediate host for all trematodes?
snails
