Sketchy: Candida

Question 1

Which heart valve is most commonly affected by candidal endocarditis? Why?

Answer 1

the tricuspid bc it’s encountered first

Question 2

What kinds of pts get Candida infections?

Answer 2

• neutropenic
• HIV/AIDS
• diabetics

Question 3

Candidal endocarditis is often seen in ______.

Answer 3

IV drug users (esp heroin)

Question 4

Cue:

• sign says “Play Nyce”

Answer 4

Nyce = Nystatin (tx for oral/esophageal candidiasis)

Question 5

Who is susceptible to catalase-producing organisms?

Answer 5

pts with CGD

Question 6

Candida is seen with a vaginal pH of _____.

Answer 6

less than 4 (normal)

Question 7

Cue:

• KOH salt shaker

Answer 7

KOH prep is used to diagnose candida

Question 8

Cue:

• old man wearing a winter cap, carrying a cane, with frogs nearby

Answer 8

• winter cap = Capsofungin (resistant form tx)
• cane = immunocompromised –> oral candidiasis
• frogs = amphibians = Amphotericin (tx for immunocompromised)

Question 9

Cue:

• a cat

Answer 9

catalase positive

Question 10

Cue:

• sign saying “playground open until 4p”

Answer 10

• 4p = 4pH = normal vaginal pH (candida doesn’t change vaginal pH)

Question 11

Cue:

• snow cone booth called “37 Flavors” with straws in the snow cones

Answer 11

Candida forms germ tubes (hyphae/mold) at 37 degrees C

Question 12

Cue:

• two-toned butterfly

Answer 12

Candida albicans is a dimorphic yeast

Question 13

How can you distinguish leukoplakia (pre-CA) from candida?

Answer 13

candida scrapes off, leukoplakia does not

Question 14

_________ is an AIDS-defining illness.

Answer 14

Candidal esophagitis

Question 15

_______ changes the vaginal pH to greater than 4.5.

Answer 15

Gardenerella

Question 16

How do you get candida?

Answer 16

it’s normal GI tract flora

Question 17

Cue:

• frogs

Answer 17

frogs = amphibians = Amphotericin (tx for severe, disseminated Candida infections)

Question 18

_____ is a tx for Amphotericin-resistant candida.

Answer 18

Capsofungin

Question 19

Candidal esophagitis is seen at CD4+ counts of _____.

Answer 19

less than 100

Question 20

Cue:

• tube slide with cartoon mouth at top opening and patches of snow in the inside of the bottom opening; sign says “max 100 lbs”

Answer 20

• represents an esophagus w/ white plaques = candidal esophagitis (AIDS-defining illness)
• 100 sign = seen with CD4+ count less than 100

Question 21

Cue:

• schoolteacher getting hit in the crotch by a snowball, causing her to drop her bag full of prescription pills, birth control, and candy

Answer 21

• crotch = vaginal candidiasis
• Abx = kills normal microflora, so candida grows
• birth control = use increases risk of candida
• candy = diabetes

Question 22

Cue:

• crying baby in a red swing holding a pinecone

Answer 22

• candida causes severe diaper rash bc of heat and humidity
• pinecone = -conazole = tx for Candida diaper rash

Question 23

How do pts taking inhaled steroids prevent oral candidiasis?

Answer 23

by rinsing their mouth out after use

Question 24

What is the tx for candida?

Answer 24

• -conazoles for minor
• Amphoterocin for major
• Nystatin for oral/esophageal
• Capsofungin for resistant

Question 25

Cue:

• segmented shrub bush with 20 degrees thermometer and snowballs next to it

Answer 25

• at 20 degrees C, Candida is a yeast
• segmented shrub = pseudohyphae
• snowballs = yeast cells

Question 26

Cue:

• boy carrying an inhaler with a snowflake on his tongue

Answer 26

inhaler = steroids –> oral candidiasis

Question 27

_____ is a liquid tx taken as a swish and spit or swish and swallow.

Answer 27

Nystatin

Question 28

Cue:

• roof of the playground is 3 pyramids and has hearts on it

Answer 28

• 3 pyramids = tricuspid valve
• hearts = candida causes endocarditis

Question 29

Candida forms ______ at 38 degrees C.

Answer 29

germ tubes/hyphae

Question 30

Candida forms ______ and _____ at 20 degrees C.

Answer 30

pseudohyphae and budding yeast

Question 31

Cue:

• pinecones

Answer 31

-conazoles (tx for minor candida infections)