Sketchy: Candida Flashcards
Which heart valve is most commonly affected by candidal endocarditis? Why?
the tricuspid bc it’s encountered first
What kinds of pts get Candida infections?
- neutropenic
- HIV/AIDS
- diabetics
Candidal endocarditis is often seen in ______.
IV drug users (esp heroin)
Cue:
- sign says “Play Nyce”
Nyce = Nystatin (tx for oral/esophageal candidiasis)
Who is susceptible to catalase-producing organisms?
pts with CGD
Candida is seen with a vaginal pH of _____.
less than 4 (normal)
Cue:
- KOH salt shaker
KOH prep is used to diagnose candida
Cue:
- old man wearing a winter cap, carrying a cane, with frogs nearby
- winter cap = Capsofungin (resistant form tx)
- cane = immunocompromised –> oral candidiasis
- frogs = amphibians = Amphotericin (tx for immunocompromised)
Cue:
- a cat
catalase positive
Cue:
- sign saying “playground open until 4p”
- 4p = 4pH = normal vaginal pH (candida doesn’t change vaginal pH)
Cue:
- snow cone booth called “37 Flavors” with straws in the snow cones
Candida forms germ tubes (hyphae/mold) at 37 degrees C
Cue:
- two-toned butterfly
Candida albicans is a dimorphic yeast
How can you distinguish leukoplakia (pre-CA) from candida?
candida scrapes off, leukoplakia does not
_________ is an AIDS-defining illness.
Candidal esophagitis
_______ changes the vaginal pH to greater than 4.5.
Gardenerella
How do you get candida?
it’s normal GI tract flora
Cue:
- frogs
frogs = amphibians = Amphotericin (tx for severe, disseminated Candida infections)
_____ is a tx for Amphotericin-resistant candida.
Capsofungin
Candidal esophagitis is seen at CD4+ counts of _____.
less than 100
Cue:
- tube slide with cartoon mouth at top opening and patches of snow in the inside of the bottom opening; sign says “max 100 lbs”
- represents an esophagus w/ white plaques = candidal esophagitis (AIDS-defining illness)
- 100 sign = seen with CD4+ count less than 100
Cue:
- schoolteacher getting hit in the crotch by a snowball, causing her to drop her bag full of prescription pills, birth control, and candy
- crotch = vaginal candidiasis
- Abx = kills normal microflora, so candida grows
- birth control = use increases risk of candida
- candy = diabetes
Cue:
- crying baby in a red swing holding a pinecone
- candida causes severe diaper rash bc of heat and humidity
- pinecone = -conazole = tx for Candida diaper rash
How do pts taking inhaled steroids prevent oral candidiasis?
by rinsing their mouth out after use
What is the tx for candida?
- -conazoles for minor
- Amphoterocin for major
- Nystatin for oral/esophageal
- Capsofungin for resistant
Cue:
- segmented shrub bush with 20 degrees thermometer and snowballs next to it
- at 20 degrees C, Candida is a yeast
- segmented shrub = pseudohyphae
- snowballs = yeast cells
Cue:
- boy carrying an inhaler with a snowflake on his tongue
inhaler = steroids –> oral candidiasis
_____ is a liquid tx taken as a swish and spit or swish and swallow.
Nystatin
Cue:
- roof of the playground is 3 pyramids and has hearts on it
- 3 pyramids = tricuspid valve
- hearts = candida causes endocarditis
Candida forms ______ at 38 degrees C.
germ tubes/hyphae
Candida forms ______ and _____ at 20 degrees C.
pseudohyphae and budding yeast
Cue:
- pinecones
-conazoles (tx for minor candida infections)
