Sketchy: Picornavirus Overview

Question 1

Cue:

• Flamingos in the aviary

Answer 1

Poliovirus

Question 2

Cue:

• Exhibit A: Hippos

Answer 2

hepatitis A

Question 3

Cue:

• “A” tag on hippo’s arm and mud spots on the hippos

Answer 3

• A tag = hepatitis A is a picornavirus
• mud spots shaped like livers and spleens = hep A causes hepatosplenomegaly

Question 4

______ viruses are already structured like mRNA, so they use the host’s RNA polymerase to get translated.

Answer 4

Positive-sense RNA

Question 5

All positive-sense RNA viruses replicate in the _____.

Answer 5

cytoplasm

Question 6

Positive-sense RNA viruses are already structured like mRNA, so they use _______ to get translated.

Answer 6

the host’s RNA polymerase

Question 7

What is the primary cause of the common cold?

Answer 7

rhinovirus

Question 8

Cue:

• the sun/daytime

Answer 8

positive-sense (RNA) virus

Question 9

Cue:

• Exhibit B: “Enter the Aviary”

Answer 9

• B = birds
• enteroviruses

Question 10

Cue:

• child wearing a space helmet pointing a laser at the birds in the aviary

Answer 10

children are the most affected by enterovirus meningitis

Question 11

Cue:

• mockingbirds in the aviary

Answer 11

echovirus

Question 12

Positive-sense RNA viruses are already structured like ____, so they use the host’s RNA polymerase to get translated.

Answer 12

mRNA

Question 13

Cue:

• Statue of David

Answer 13

naked virus

Question 14

Cue:

• Exhibit C: Common Cold Rhinos

Answer 14

Rhinoviruses

Question 15

_______ are the #1 cause of aseptic meningitis.

Answer 15

Enteroviruses

Question 16

Cue:

• Peak in the background

Answer 16

picornavirus

Question 17

Cue:

• piles of poop

Answer 17

fecal-oral transmission (except for rhinovirus)

Question 18

• How are picornaviruses generally transmitted?
• What is the only exception, and how is it transmitted?

Answer 18

• fecal-oral
• exception = rhinovirus (respiratory)

Question 19

How is rhinovirus transmitted?

Answer 19

respiratory

Question 20

Cue:

• cockatoos in the aviary

Answer 20

Coxsackie A and B

Question 21

Cue:

• sign sitting by the aviary says “100% Aseptic inside”

Answer 21

enteroviruses cause aseptic meningitis

Question 22

Cue:

• aviary shaped like a head

Answer 22

enteroviruses are the #1 cause of aseptic meningitis

Question 23

Cue:

• mud on the rhinos’ faces

Answer 23

runny nose/URI for rhinovirus

Question 24

Cue:

• ticket booth with tickets that start connected and then are broken up at the end

Answer 24

• long connected tickets = large polyprotein product formed –> then cleaved into smaller, active subunits by the virus’ proteases (broken-up tickets)

Question 25

Cue:

• warm, yellow and orange color scheme

Answer 25

RNA virus

Question 26

Cue:

• bags of food around the aviary labeled “No organisms,” “No sugar added,” “Source of Protein”

Answer 26

CSF findings in aseptic meningitis:

• “No organisms” = no bacteria (aseptic)
• “No sugar added” = normal glucose
• “Source of Protein” = elevated protein

Question 27

Cue:

• coin-stamping machine

Answer 27

• coin = viral RNA
• machine = host
• All of the machinery needed to process the RNA into protein is already within the machine

Question 28

Cue:

• 3 main attractions at the Peak Animal Sanctuary

Answer 28

• 3 main attractions = 3 main subgroups of the picornavirus family (Hep A, Enteroviruses, Rhinoviruses)
• Peak Animal Sanctuary = Picornaviruses