Sketchy: Super Worms Flashcards
Cue:
- “No dumping, drains to the river” sign
- tx for Strongyloides stercoralis = IVERmectin
- river = iver
Cue:
- small, round rocks around the round hole in the wall with mice eating nearby
- rocks = eggs
- round hole = anus
- mice eating = fecal-oral route of transmission
Cue:
- long, thin, translucent cape on Vermin lady
dx of Enterobius vermicularis aka pinworm = scotch-tape on anus to visualize eggs on microscopy
At night, Enterobius vermicularis aka pin worm females migrate to the _____ to lay their eggs.
anus
If a pt is immunocompromised, the inflammation from a Strongyloides stercoralis infection can lead to ____ and _____.
hyperinfection and dissemination of the worms
Cue:
- kid dressed in pink firing a slingshot and granules everywhere
eosinophilia (slingshot = bi-lobed nuclei)
How is Trichinella spiralis acquired?
ingesting cysts from undercooked pork or bear meat
What is the tx for Ascaris lumbricoides?
Albendazole
What is the tx for hookworms?
- alBENDazole
- pyrantel PAMoate
What are the SEs/CIs for Albendazole?
- SE = obstruction from worms
- CI in pregnant women
How are hookworms diagnosed?
eggs in the stool
Cue:
- arrow on American superhero dude’s chest
pathogenesis: enters soles of feet –> bloodstream –> lungs –> coughed up –> swallowed –> small intestine –> adulthood
Cue:
- American Man grenades in a puddle of water
diagnose hookworms by visualizing eggs in the stool
What worm can cause an intestinal obstruction? At which location is most common?
- Ascaris lumbricoides
- the ileocecal valve
How does Albendazole work?
it causes microtubule dysfunction –> immobilizes the worms
Cue:
- red pipes on a striped wall with cysts causing an explosion
- red stripes = bloodstream
- striped wall = striated muscle
- cysts = Trichinella spiralis cysts in the muscle
- explosion = inflammation
Cue:
- Strong Guy superhero wearing red boots with arrow on chest
- Strongyloides stercoralis
- boots = larvae enter thru bare feet
- arrow = feet –> blood stream –> lungs –> coughed up –> swallowed –> GI tract infection
Cue:
- American superhero dude with ankle, neck, and arm rings wearing red boots swinging from a hook
- Neck and American = Necator americanus
- ankle = Ancyclostoma duodenale
- red boots = hookworm larvae penetrate skin of soles of feet
- hook = hookworm
What is the tx for Trichinella spiralis?
Albendazole
Cue:
- Porky Trickster wearing a spiral suit and large red glasses
- spirals = Trichinella spiralis
- pork meat
- red glasses = periorbital edema
Cue:
- bent metal bars on side of the tunnel
albendazole = tx for Enterobius vermicularis aka pinworm
Cue:
- PAM!
Pyrantel pamoate = tx for Enterobius vermicularis aka pinworm
What are Necator americanus and Ancyclostoma duodenale, and where are they found?
- hookworms
- rural, southern US
How is Strongyloides stercoralis diagnosed?
LARVAE (not eggs) in the stool
How is Ascaris lumbricoides diagnosed?
eggs in the stool
Cue:
- Vermin Lady crawling out of a round hole
- vermin lady = Enterobius vermicularis aka pin worm
- round hole = anus
Which worm can auto-infect its host?
Strongyloides stercoralis
What is the tx for Strongyloides stercoralis?
- alBENDazole
- ivermectin
What is the tx for Enterobius vermicularis aka pinworm?
Pyrantel pamote or albendazole
Cue:
- an iron hanging from the hook shot
hookworms can cause iron deficiency anemia (microcytic, hypochromic)
