Sketchy: Histoplasma Flashcards
Cue:
- pinecones and frogs
- pinecone = -conazoles for local/mild
- frog = amphibian = Amphotericin B for systemic/disseminated
How does Histo present in healthy pts?
asymptomatic/subclinical
Cue:
- 2 pale cave pillars with red dots all over the fronts
- pillars = legs
- red dots = erythema nodosum
Cue:
- a two-toned butterfly
dimorphic
What happens when an immunocompromised pt gets histo?
hepatosplenomegaly with calcifications
Cue:
- historian with a cane coughing
- cane = immunocompromised
- cough = respiratory transmission
Cue:
- petroglyph of a cow with liver and spleen spots
hepatosplenomegaly
Histo targets the _____, which includes a lot of macs, and these are highly concentrated in the liver and spleen –> calcifications in these organs.
reticulo-endothelial system
Mold in the cold, yeast in the heat.
- mold = cold = soil
- yeast = heat = body (dimorphism)
Where is Histoplasma capsulatum prevalent?
- inside caves
- farms
- the Midwest-Central US (Mississippi and Ohio River Valley)
_______ is much smaller than an RBC, which is obvious because several fit inside one mac, and a mac is slightly larger than an RBC.
Histoplasma
Cue:
- cage with a canary inside
cage = macrophage
How is Histoplasma capsulatum diagnosed?
- macs filled with small, intracellular oval bodies –> stain with KOH prep culture (too long)
- rapid histoplasma urine or serum antigen test
Cue:
- cracked cave walls with many stalactites growing on them, especially in the center, and a cactus in front
- cracks = lung lobes (3 on right, 2 on left)
- stalactites = lung calcifications
- in center = hilar region of lungs
- cactus = presentation resembles TB
What does Histoplasma capsulatum cause?
histoplasmosis
What is Histoplasma capsulatum associated with?
- bird or bat droppings
- caves
What is the tx for HIsto?
- -conazoles for local/mild
- Amphotericin B for systemic/disseminated
What does it mean to be dimorphic?
the shape or form of the fungus depends on the temperature of its surroundings
What does Histoplasma cause?
- PNA
- erythema nodosum
Cue:
a red and a yellow stalagtite in the cave, each dripping to form puddles underneath
- red = blood
- yellow = urine
- ***can do rapid antigen test on either one
- puddles = macs filled with lots of oval bodies
