Sensory Alterations

Question 1

sensory processing disorder (SPD)

Answer 1

difficult interpreting and responding to stimuli; discovered during childhood - more often in autism, ADHD, OCD

Question 2

myopia

Answer 2

nearsightedness (can’t see far)

Question 3

hyperopia

Answer 3

farsightedness (can’t see near)

Question 4

presbyopia

Answer 4

age-related farsightedness; loss of flexibility of the lens

Question 5

diabetic retinopathy

Answer 5

damage to the blood vessels of the retina leading to vision loss in adulthood

Question 6

glaucoma

Answer 6

increase in intraocular pressure from build up of fluid (aqueous humor) that compresses the optic nerve; irreversible but can be slowed; start with peripheral vision loss

Question 7

macular degeneration

Answer 7

loss of central vision with age

Question 8

tinnitus

Answer 8

hearing sound when no external sound is present

Question 9

sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL)

Answer 9

inner ear or vestibulocochlear nerve issue from genetics or infection; most prevalent

Question 10

presbycusis

Answer 10

loss of hearing with age usually over 75yrs old

Question 11

conductive hearing loss

Answer 11

sound can’t travel from outer ear to the eardrum and middle ear

Question 12

otis media

Answer 12

inflammation or accumulation of fluid in the middle ear leading to conductive hearing loss

Question 13

otosclerosis

Answer 13

abnormal growth of bone in the middle ear

Question 14

aphasia

Answer 14

can’t articulate, understand speech and written language; brain damage

Question 15

expressive aphasia

Answer 15

damage to frontal lobe; understand but can’t speak the word they want to say

Question 16

comprehensive aphasia

Answer 16

damage to temporal lobe; long sentences that have no meaning and often has unnecessary or made up words; can’t understand what’s said and can’t comprehend others don’t understand what theyre saying

Question 17

global aphasia

Answer 17

poor comprehension and can’t form words or sentences

Question 18

tactile defensiveness

Answer 18

physical pain with nonpainful tactile stimuli

Question 19

idiopathic neuropathy

Answer 19

nerve damage from unknown cause

Question 20

gustatory cells

Answer 20

taste cells

Question 21

phantom taste perception

Answer 21

foul taste when mouth is empty

Question 22

hypogeusia

Answer 22

decreased ability to taste

Question 23

ageusia

Answer 23

inability to taste anything at all

Question 24

dysgeusia

Answer 24

persistent salty, rancid, or metallic taste

Question 25

anosmia

Answer 25

inability to smell

Question 26

hyposmia

Answer 26

reduced ability to smell

Question 27

parosmia

Answer 27

alteration in smell

Question 28

phantosmia

Answer 28

nonexistent smell is perceived

Question 29

what senses are affected by NSAIDs

Answer 29

hearing and taste

Question 30

what senses are affected by antibiotics

Answer 30

hearing, taste, smell

Question 31

what senses are affected by loop diuretics

Answer 31

hearing

Question 32

what senses are affected by antihypertensives

Answer 32

taste

Question 33

what senses are affected by psychotropics

Answer 33

taste

Question 34

what senses are affected by antihistamines

Answer 34

hearing, taste, smell, vision

Question 35

what senses are affected by aspirin

Answer 35

hearing

Question 36

fluorescein angiography

Answer 36

dye injected into peripheral vein; photos taken while dye flows through the eye

Question 37

diagnostic test for macular degeneration; what to look for

Answer 37

amsler grid: if grid looks wavy or any parts missing; look for drusen (yellowish deposits of protein and lipids under the retina; fluorescein angiography

Question 38

rinne test

Answer 38

hearing loss from bone conduction or air conduction; tuning fork test against mastoid bone

Question 39

audiometer test

Answer 39

sound in each ear and see if can identify

Question 40

bone oscillator test

Answer 40

effectiveness of vibrations through the ossicles

Question 41

auditory brainstem response (ABR) test or brain audioevoked response (BAER) test

Answer 41

brain’s response to sound; electrodes on scalp to measure brain’s electrical activity

Question 42

otoacoustic emissions (OAE) test

Answer 42

response of the inner ear to sound waves; probe in ear, should have return echo

Question 43

electromyography (EMG) test

Answer 43

damage to the nerves leading to the muscle; use needles that records electrical activity in the muscle

Question 44

electrolarynx

Answer 44

artificial larynx