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NURS120 > Medication Administration > Flashcards

Medication Administration Flashcards

1
Q

Pharmakinetics

A

study of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME)

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2
Q

ionization

A

pH of the medication and the site of absorption; ionized: weak bases more readily absorbable in the small intestine

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3
Q

dissolution

A

meds must be dissolved before absorption takes place

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4
Q

surface area of the absorption site

A

size of the surface area where the meds will be absorbed

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5
Q

what facts can influence absorption

A

route of administration
ionization
dissolution
blood flow
lipid solubility
surface area of the absorption site
client-specific factors

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6
Q

between high and low lipid soluble meds, which will get absorbed faster

A

high lipid soluble meds

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7
Q

enteral route

A

meds administered via the mouth, stomach, or intestines

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8
Q

distribution

A

med delivery to the target after it has been absorbed into the circulatory system

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9
Q

what factors contribute to distribution

A

blood flow
solubility
protein binding ability

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10
Q

toxicity

A

body can’t metabolize or excrete a meds, can cause irreversible damage to organs

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11
Q

prodrugs

A

inactive chemicals that are activated through metabolism

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12
Q

which organ is the primary one for excretion

A

kidneys

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13
Q

factors that influence excretion

A

kidney, heart, and liver function

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14
Q

pharmacodynamics

A

how a medication works, its relationship to medication concentrations, and therapeutic range

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15
Q

what is therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) method used for

A

monitor med concentration in pt’s blood; meds with a narrow therapeutic window

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16
Q

adverse drug event (ADE)

A

requires intervention to prevent death, permanent disability, or congenital anomaly, causes hospitalization; need to report to FDA

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17
Q

black box warning

A

on meds that may produce lethal and iatrogenic results

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18
Q

iatrogenic

A

unforesseable or unintended injury or disorder caused by the treatment or procedure

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19
Q

signs of allergic reaction

A

rash, hives, swelling, circulatory collapse, laryngeal edema

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20
Q

anaphylaxis symptoms

A

dyspnea, hypotension, and tachycardia

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21
Q

Steven Johnson syndrome (SJS) symptoms

A

respiratory distress, fever, chills, fine rash followed by blisters

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22
Q

high fat meals will decrease or increase the rate of absorption

A

decrease intestinal absorption

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23
Q

teratogenic

A

cause fetal defects, pregnancy loss, developmental disabilities, or prematurity

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24
Q

examples of teratogenic meds

A

cocaine, alcohol
angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
gentamycin
lithium
NSAIDs
tetracycline

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25
Q

which meds can be excreted into breast milk after metabolism

A

codeine, morphine, herbal supplements, alcohol

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26
Q

1kg = ? lbs

A

2.2lbs

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27
Q

pediatric clients vs. adult med administration

A

pediatric: higher rates of metabolism so requires larger dose
adults: lower dose

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28
Q

polypharmacy

A

use of 5 or more medications by a nonhospitalized client

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29
Q

rights of drug administration accronym

A

patients do drugs round the day (PDDRTD)
right patient, dose, drug, route, time, documentation

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30
Q

what are the 3 identifications you can use for drug administration

A

name, DOB, medical record number and then compared to the medication administration record (MAR)

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31
Q

STAT vs. urgent/ASAP orders

A

STAT: administer within 30mins
urgent: within an hour

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32
Q

time-critical medications

A

administered 30mins before or after the scheduled time or would cause harm

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33
Q

non time-critical medications

A

administered 1-2hrs early or late without causing harm

34
Q

3 checks before giving the medication

A

from medication drawer
preparation
immediately prior

35
Q

prescription should include what information

A

name, date/time when it was written, medication name (generic), dosage, route, frequency, indication for use, provider’s signature

36
Q

reconciliation process

A

review current meds, compare to new meds, address issues; include OTC or herbal supplements

37
Q

3 factors that contribute to errors

A

identification: right meds etc
interruption
correction: alerts and temptation to ignore

38
Q

workaround

A

avoiding a policy or procedure in a system

39
Q

which medications should never be crushed or opened

A

enteric-coated, capsules, sustained-release, and immediate-release meds

40
Q

punctal occlusion/nasolacrimal occlusion

A

prevent the med from entering into the nasolacrimal duct and into the systemic circulation; gentle pressure on the inner corner for 30-60 secs

41
Q

parenteral route

A

intradermal, intramuscular, subcutaneous, IV; aseptic technique

42
Q

gauge for intradermal injections

A

27-25G

43
Q

gauge for intramuscular injections

A

25-18G

44
Q

gauge for subcutaneous injections

A

27-25G

45
Q

length of needle for intradermal injections

A

1/4 - 3/4inches

46
Q

length of needle for intramuscular injections

A

1 - 1 1/2 inches

47
Q

length of needle for subcutaneous injections

A

3/8 5/8 inches

48
Q

intramuscular injection angle

A

90degrees

49
Q

subcutaneous injection angle

A

45-90 degrees

50
Q

intradermal injection angle

A

5-10 degrees

51
Q

lipohypertrophy

A

small lumps of irritated fat tissue; in clients that receive long term subcutaneous injections

52
Q

ventrogluteal

A

between iliac crest and the anterior superior iliac spine; no major blood vessels or nerves

53
Q

vastus lateralis

A

anterior lateral aspect of thigh

54
Q

dorsogluteal

A

butt

55
Q

intermittent piggyback intravenous infusion

A

medication via IV infusion set

56
Q

phlebitis

A

inflammation of the vein

57
Q

infiltration: what is it and symptoms

A

IV fluid inadvertently administered to surrounding tissue; cool skin temp around insertion site, taut skin, oozing fluid

58
Q

preferred IM injection site for infants

A

vastus lateralis

59
Q

deci

A

divide by 10

60
Q

centi

A

divide by 100

61
Q

milli

A

divide by 1000

62
Q

micro

A

divide by million(1,000,000)

63
Q

deka

A

times 10

64
Q

hecto

A

times 100

65
Q

kilo

A

times 1,000

66
Q

1tsp to apothecary

A

60 drops

67
Q

1tsp to metric

A

5mL

68
Q

1tbsp to metric

A

15mL

69
Q

2tbsp to apothecary

A

1oz

70
Q

2tbsp to metric

A

30mL

71
Q

1cup to apothecary

A

8oz

72
Q

1cup to metric

A

240mL

73
Q

1 pint to apothecary

A

16oz

74
Q

1 pint to metric

A

480mL

75
Q

1 quart to apothecary

A

32oz

76
Q

1 quart to metric

A

960mL

77
Q

1 m = ? cm

A

100cm

78
Q

1 inch = ? cm

A

2.54cm

79
Q

1 kg = ?lbs

A

2.2lbs

80
Q

what grade level should client educational material be written in

A

6th grade or lower

NURS120 (38 decks)

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