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NURS120 > Meds 2.0 > Flashcards

Meds 2.0 Flashcards

1
Q

purpose of vancomycin

A

treats c.diff, and serious bacterial infections such as staph

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2
Q

classification of vancomycin

A

antibiotic - glycopeptide

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3
Q

mechanism of action for vancomycin

A

inhibits bacterial RNA and cell wall synthesis leading to cell death

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4
Q

side effects of vancomycin

A

ototoxicity
nephrotoxicity
GI upset
red man syndrome (IV infusion rxn): infuse slowly to avoid
phlebitis

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5
Q

interactions with vancomycin

A

NSAIDs, penicillins, aminoglycosides

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6
Q

contraindications with vancomycin

A

hypersensitivity to corn when given with dextrose soln
hypersensitivity to vancomycin

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7
Q

what to monitor for vancomycin

A

Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM)
renal fxn: BUN, serum creatinine, GFR
CBC: anemia, thrombocytopenia (low platelets), leukopenia
electrolyte level

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8
Q

where is vancomycin cleared

A

in the kidneys

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9
Q

what is tobramycin used for

A

cystic fibrosis (respiratory system stuff)
eye infection
etc.

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10
Q

classification of tobramycin

A

antibiotic - aminoglycoside

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11
Q

mechanism of action for tobramycin

A

inhibits synthesis of bacterial walls by preventing protein synthesis

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12
Q

side effects for tobramycin

A

ototoxicity
nephrotoxicity
bronchospasms
GI upset

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13
Q

interactions with tobramycin

A

NSAIDs
vancomycin
other aminoglycosides
furosemide (loop diuretic)
anesthetics

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14
Q

where is tobramycin cleared

A

kidneys

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15
Q

what to monitor when taking tobramycin

A

electrolyte imbalances
nephrotoxicity: BUN, serum creatinine

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16
Q

contraindications for tobramycin

A

hypersensitivity to tobramycin, aminoglycosides, sodium bisulfate

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17
Q

category for acetaminophen

A

nonopioid analgesic, antipyretic

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18
Q

mechanism of action for acetaminophen

A

blocks prostaglandin - interfere with pain impulse & temp regulation in hypothalamus

19
Q

side effects of acetaminophen

A

Hepatotoxicity
GI upset
decreased fertility

20
Q

contraindications for acetaminophen

A

hypersensitivity
liver dysfxn (i.e. alcoholic)

21
Q

antidote for acetaminophen

A

acetylcysteine (mucomyst)

22
Q

interactions with acetaminophen

A

alcohol

23
Q

what to monitor for acetaminophen

A

liver fxn: AST/ALT ratio (around 1.15), bilirubin (0.1-1.2 mg/dL), creatinine

24
Q

category class of NSAIDs

A

nonopioid analgesic: anti-pyretic, antiplatelet, anti-inflammatory

25
Q

mechanism of action for NSAIDs

A

inhibits prostaglandin synthesis

26
Q

uses for NSAIDs

A

mild to mod pain
fever, inflammatory

27
Q

contraindications for NSAIDs

A

pregnancy
bleeding disorder
peptic ulcer disease
active bleeding

28
Q

interactions with NSAIDs

A

corticosteroids
alcohol

29
Q

nursing considerations for NSAIDs

A

take with food to avoid stomach upset

30
Q

side effects of NSAIDs

A

GI upset (most common)
MI, stroke
NSAIDs think Nephrotoxic
ulceration, perforation

31
Q

opioid class

A

analgesics: CNS depressant

32
Q

mechanism of action for opioid

A

binds to opioid receptors in the brain

33
Q

opioid uses

A

decrease anxiety & sedate post-op
decrease anxiety in pt w/ dyspnea
relieve pain
treat diarrhea & intestinal cramping

34
Q

side effects of opioid - long term (won’t build tolerance)

A

decreased GI fxn - constipation

35
Q

side effects of opioid - short term (will build tolerance)

A

decreased vitals
decreased CNS fxn - sedation, insomnia, weakness, dizziness
pruritus (itching)
nausea
burning sensation IV

36
Q

nursing considerations for opioids

A

preventative measures for constipation & falls
watch for low vitals
take PO w/ foods to avoid stomach upset
avoid alcohol

37
Q

when to stop opioids

A

bradypnea
unarousable

38
Q

antidote for opioid

A

naloxone (Narcan) - may require multiple doses due to short half-life

39
Q

interactions with opioids

A

antihistamines
benzodiazepines
antidepressants
other pain meds

40
Q

normal insulin vs. humalog vs. lantus onset

A

Humalog (fastest) > regular > Lantus (long lasting)

41
Q

side effects of insulin

A

hypoglycemia (especially with Humalog)
lipodystrophy (loss of subq fat) @ inj site

42
Q

interactions with insulin

A

beta-blockers
salicylates aspirin
alcohol

43
Q

blood glucose for diabetic values

A

fasting: 60-130
after eating: <180mg/dL
a1c: <7%

44
Q

2 handy dandy things to remember about insulin

A

Long think lonely -> Lantus don’t mix w/other insulin
Regular goes Right into the vein -> regular goes in IV only

NURS120 (38 decks)

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