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LET REVIEW > SCIENCE DAY4 > Flashcards

SCIENCE DAY4 Flashcards

1
Q

building blocks of matter

A

atom

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2
Q

atom is made up of

A

protons, neutrons, electrons

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3
Q

non-matter does not occupy space and does not have a mass. examples of non-matter

A

light, energy

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4
Q

classification of matter made up of ALL THE SAME TYPE OF ATOM or ALL THE SAME MOLECULES and it exhibit exact properties and composition

A

pure substance

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5
Q

substances that are made up of only ONE TYPE OF ATOM. A PURE SUBSTANCE that cannot be broken down by chemical processes into simpler substances

A

ELEMENTS

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6
Q

OXYGEN, HYDROGEN, SODIUM are examples of

A

ELEMENT

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7
Q

what is the 118th ELEMENT

A

Oganesson (Og)

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8
Q

classification of elements

A

metals
non-metals
metalloids

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9
Q

classification of elements

usually solid and are good conductor of heat and electricity, e.g., copper or iron

A

metals

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10
Q

metals exist as solid except for

A

mercury and gallium

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11
Q

classification of elements

a poor conductor of heat and electricity
(oxygen, carbon, bromine, sulfur

A

non-metals

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12
Q

classification of elements

have both properties of metals and non-metals (semi-metals)

A

metalloids

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13
Q

substances that are formed by the CHEMICAL COMBINATION OF TWO OR MORE TYPE OF ATOMS

A

COMPOUNDS

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14
Q

Substance that CAN BE BROKEN DOWN by chemical processes into simpler substance

A

COMPOUNDS

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15
Q

water H2O, carbon dioxide CO2 are examples of

A

COMPOUNDS

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16
Q

alcohol is a class of organic compound characterized by a _________ bonded to an ________ group

A

hydroxyl bonded to an alkyl group

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17
Q

found in perfumes and colognes and food coloring

A

ester

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18
Q

types of chemical bonding

A

covalent bond
ionic bond

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19
Q

type of chemical bonding

bonding of TWO OR MORE NON-METALS
examples: H2O, CH4, CO2

A

COVALENT BOND

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20
Q

type of chemical bonding

bonding between METALS and NON-METALS
examples: NaCl (sodium chloride) NaF (Sodium Fluoride)

A

IONIC BOND

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21
Q

a type of matter consisting two or more different substances that have been combined WITHOUT CHEMICAL BONDING taking place, just a physical combination

A

mixture

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22
Q

type of mixture that has a single phase

A

homogenous mixture

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23
Q

type of mixture that are visually distinguished

A

heterogenous mixture

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24
Q

under heterogenous mixture:
contains particles that DO NOT SETTLE

A

COLLOID

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25
Q

under heterogenous mixture:
contains layer particles that EVENTUALLY SETTLE OUT

A

SUSPENSION

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26
Q

UNDER MIXTURES:
milk, cloud, and fog are examples of

A

colloid

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27
Q

UNDER MIXTURES:
chocolate milk and orange juice are examples of

A

suspension

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28
Q

STATES OF MATTER

has definite shape and volume, particles are tightly packed, very little energy, particles vibrate in place

A

SOLID

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29
Q

STATES OF MATTER

has definite volume but no definite shape, particles are loosely packed, medium energy level, particles flow around each other

A

liquid

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30
Q

STATES OF MATTER

does not have definite volume and shape, particles move freely and have lots of energy

A

gas

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31
Q

STATES OF MATTER

a very hot gas of nuclei and electrons, superheated gas

A

plasma

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32
Q

STATES OF MATTER

super cold at absolute ZERO temperature

A

Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC)

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33
Q

CHANGES IN MATTER

a change wherein the chemical composition has been altered or a chemical reaction has taken place

A

chemical change

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34
Q

CHANGES IN MATTER

rusting of iron

A

chemical change

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35
Q

CHANGES IN MATTER

the chemical composition remains the same. it involves only a change in the size, shape, or amount, as well as changes in state

A

physical change

36
Q

CHANGES IN MATTER

tearing of paper
chopping of woods
breaking of rock

A

physical change

37
Q

EXAMPLE OF PHYSICAL CHANGE

liquid to solid

38
Q

CHANGES IN MATTER

solid to liquid

39
Q

CHANGES IN MATTER

liquid to gas

A

evaporation

40
Q

CHANGES IN MATTER

gas to liquid

A

condensation

41
Q

CHANGES IN MATTER

solid to gas

A

sublimation

42
Q

CHANGES IN MATTER

gas to solid

A

deposition

43
Q

TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTION

reaction between two or more simple substances to form a single product

44
Q

TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTION

a single reactant is broken down into two or more products

A

decomposition

44
Q

TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTION

a more active element replaces a less active element in a compound

A

substitution

45
Q

TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTION

interchange of the two parts of two substances to form new substances

A

double decomposition

45
Q

TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTION

needs energy

A

endothermic reaction

46
Q

TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTION

releases energy

A

exothermic reaction

47
Q

TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTION

A + B AB

48
Q

TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTION

AB A + B

A

DECOMPOSITION

49
Q

TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTION

AB + C AC + B

A

SUBSTITUTION

50
Q

TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTION

AB + CD AD + CB

A

DOUBLE DECOMPOSITION

51
Q

TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTION

AB + energy A + B
A + B + energy AB

A

ENDOTHERMIC REACTION

52
Q

TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTION

AB A + B + energy
A + B AB+ energy

A

EXOTHERMIC REACTION

53
Q

pH value of BELOW 7

54
Q

pH value of ABOVE 7

55
Q

pH value of 7

A

neutral (pure water)

56
Q

pH means

A

POWER OF HYDROGEN

57
Q

study of matter and energy and their relationship

58
Q

what is the basic unit for PRESSURE

59
Q

MASS vs WEIGHT

quantity of matter in an object; can be measured in kg

60
Q

MASS vs WEIGHT

the pull of gravity; can be measured in N (Newton)

61
Q

a continuous change in position

62
Q

NEWTON’S LAWS OF MATION

every object continues in its state of rest, or of uniform motion with constant speed in a straight line, unless acted upon by unbalanced external forces impressed upon

A

FIRST LAW: LAW OF INERTIA

63
Q

NEWTON’S LAWS OF MATION

when enough force is applied, the object will accelerate

A

SECOND LAW: LAW OF ACCELERATION

64
Q

NEWTON’S LAWS OF MATION

to every action there is always an apposite equal reaction

A

THIRD LAW: LAW OF INTERACTION

65
Q

it is the capacity to do work

66
Q

energy at rest. has the potential to fall or move

A

potential energy

67
Q

energy in motion

A

kinetic energy

68
Q

energy cannot be created or destroyed. it is only transformed into another form of energy

A

conservation energy

69
Q

study of heat and its transformation to different forms of energy

A

thermodynamics

70
Q

METHODS OF HEAT TRANSFER:

transmission of heat from two objects with direct contact

A

conduction

71
Q

METHODS OF HEAT TRANSFER:

heat transfer through air and water currents (liquid)

A

convection

72
Q

heat transfer through rays or waves emitted by a very hot object (sun)

73
Q

what is the speed of light

A

3.0 x 10^8 m/s

74
Q

light travels fastest in a _______

A

vacuum
(gas - liquid - solid)

75
Q

______ of violet and blue frequencies of sunlight in all directions is what gives the sky its blue color

A

scattering

76
Q

_______ is the separation of white light by a prism into bands of colors (rainbow)

A

dispersion

77
Q

________ is the bending of light as it passes through an obstruction such as a small slit

A

diffraction

78
Q

________ is the overlapping of light waves. the beautiful colors of soap bubbles or on thin film of oil

A

interference

79
Q

_______ is when light bounces off an object

A

reflection

80
Q

________ is when light changes its direction as it passes through a medium

A

refraction

81
Q

a chemical wave

82
Q

sound travels fast in _______, next in ______, next in _______

A

solid - liquid - gas

83
Q

sound cannot travel in _______

LET REVIEW (36 decks)

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