SCIENCE DAY3 Flashcards
Study of everything in the universe
Astronomy
ALL planets _______ around the sun in the same direction
Revolve
SOME planets ______ around its axis in the same direction
Rotate
Direction of revolution of planets
Eastward, west to east, counterclockwise
Planets in the solar system rotates on their axis in eastward direction/west to east/counterclockwise except
Venus and Uranus
Shape of orbit
Elliptical orbit
Fastest revolving/orbiting planet
Mercury
1 revolution of MERCURY is equals to ______ earth days
88
Brightest planet, hottest planet, earth’s closest neighboring planet
Venus
Only planet with life
Earth
Shape of Earth
Oblate Spheroid
Name of Earth’s moon
Luna
Red planet
Mars
Mars’ 2 moons
Phobos and Deimos
Location of asteroid belt
Between Mars and Jupiter
Terrestrial planets are made-up of
Rocks
What are the terrestrial planets
Mercury
Venus
Earth
Mars
What are the Gas/Jovian Planets
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus
Neptune
Largest planet
Jupiter
Number of moons of JUPITER
92
4 Galilean Moons of Jupiter
Io
Europa
Ganymede
Callisto
Planet that has spectacular rings made of ice, rocks, dusts
Saturn
Number of moons of Saturn
83 moons
What is the largest moon of Saturn
Titan
Planets that are ICE GIANTS
URANUS
NEPTUNE
Dwarf planet
Pluto (1930-2006)
Pluto is found in the
Kuiper Belt
5 moons of pluto
Charon, Nix, Hydra, Kerberos, Styx
Earth’s moon is ______ of the Earth’s gravity
1/6
Earth’s moon is _____ of the Earth’s size
1/4
What do you call the same side of the moon is always facing the Earth
Tidal lock
How many phases does the moon have
8 or 4
Type of eclipse Earth’s shadow fall on the moon
Lunar eclipse
Type of eclipse
🌞🌍🌚
Lunar eclipse
Type of eclipse
Moon’s shadow fall on the Earth
Solar Eclipse
Type of eclipse
🌞🌚🌍
Solar eclipse
Highest tide and lowest tide
Spring tide
Have lower high tides and higher low tides
Neap tides
What cause tides
Gravity of the moon
Distance of moon and earth
Moon closest to the earth
Perigee
Distance of moon and earth
Moon farthest from the earth
Apogee
Lunar missions
First successful manned mission to the moon
Apollo 11
Lunar missions
First men on moon (July 16, 1969)
Neil Armstrong
Buzz Aldrin
(Michael Collins)
A medium-sized star that has a white color
Sun
H + H = He + energy
What is this called
Nuclear fusion
Distance of sun and earth
Sun is closest to the earth
Perihelion
Distance of sun and earth
Sun is farthest from the earth
Aphelion
Small debris chipped off from an asteroid
Meteoroid
What do you call the asteroid when it enters the atmosphere
Meteor
What do you call the asteroid when it hits the land
Meteorite
Small body of rock, iron, ICE, methane, ammonia, carbon dioxide that orbit the sun (long-haired)
Comets
Comet’s tail points
Points away from the sun
Halley’s comet appears every _____ years
76
A ball of hydrogen and helium
Star
Hottest star color
Blue
Coolest star color
Red
Group of stars forming recognizable pattern
Constellation
Nearest star
Proxima centauri
Brightest star
Sirius
Polaris of the Ursa Minor (little bear)
Northern star
Largest known star
Stephenson 2-18
Appearance of first dinosaurs and mammals
Triassic period
Age of dinosaur
Jurassic Period
Called solid earth
Lithosphere
Earth’s surface, outermost layer of the earth
Crust
Layer of earth that is rocky, made up of Si, O, Fe, Mg, Ca
Mantle
Lithosphere includes
Crust + upper mantle
Innermost central part of the earth
Core
The liquid outer core is primarily made up of
Iron and nickel
The inner core is primarily made up of
Iron and is solid
The super continent in the theory of Alfred Wegener
Pangea
Theory of Alfred Wegener that the evidence is the jigsaw-like shapes of South America and Africa
Continental Drift Theory
Any movement of the ground due to volcanic eruption and tectonic plate
Earthquake
Foreshock happens
Before
Mainshock happens
During/Strongest
Aftershock happens
After
The point of origin where the movement of fault happens
Focus
The place above the focus
Epicenter
Measurement of energy released by the earthquake
Magnitude
The damage produced and the reaction of people (earthquake)
Intensity
What do you call the instrument to measure the magnitude of an earthquake
Richter scale
Who invented the Richter scale
Charles Richter
What is the instrument used to measure the intensity of an earthquake
Mercalli intensity scale
A naturally occurring inorganic crystalline composed of an ordered arrangement of atoms with a specific chemical composition
Mineral
It means resistance to scratch
Hardness
In Moh’s scale of hardness what is the hardest
Diamond
In Moh’s scale of hardness what is the number 1 not so hard
Talc
Can be generally classified into igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic
Rocks
Type of rock that Is formed from hardened magma or lava (crystallization)
Igneous rock
Type of rock that is formed by the layers of sediments (lithification)
Sedimentary rock
Coal is an example of what type of rock
Sedimentary rock
Under coal Decayed vegetation
Peat
Soft brown coal (lowest rank of coal)
Lignite
Type of coal
Black coal
Bituminous
Type of coal
Dark, black coal, having highest-heat value among the four
Anthracite
Type of rock is formed from when rocks are subjected to heat and pressure
Metamorphic rock
What do you call the breaking of rocks
Weathering
What do you call the removal of solids (other particles) usually occurs due to transport by wind and water
Erosion
_______ of Earth is submerge with water
3/4 or 75%
FIVE OCEANS (LARGEST-SMALLEST)
PACIFIC OCEAN
ATLANTIC
INDIAN
SOUTHERS (ANTARTICA)
ARCTIC
deals with the study of the atmosphere
METEOROLOGY
Layers of ATMOSPHERE
TROPOSPHERE
STRATOSPHERE
MESOSPHERE
THERMOSPHERE
EXOSPHERE
lowermost layer of the atmosphere
Troposphere
layer of the atmosphere where most weather occur
Troposphere
is the layer of the atmosphere where ozone layer is found
Stratosphere
what protects us against UV rays
ozone layer
what destroys ozone layer
chlorofluorocarbons (CFC’s)
CFC’s are replaced by alternative chemicals called
hydrofluorocarbons
coldest layer of the atmosphere
mesosphere
layer of the atmosphere where meteors burnt up
mesosphere
hottest layer of the atmosphere
thermosphere
layer of the atmosphere where AURORAS (Australis-southern, Borealis-northern) are observed
thermosphere
the outermost layer of the atmosphere
exosphere
the Earth’s magnetic field, protects the Earth from dangerous charged particles (solar flares and solar winds)
MAGNETOSPHERE
typhoons form in the
PACIFIC OCEAN
CYCLONES form in the
INDIAN OCEAN
HURRICANES form in the
ATLANTIC OCEAN
these are made of water and are classified based on their SHAPE and ALTITUDE
CLOUDS
what clouds that bring thunderstorms
CUMULONIMBUS
these are seasonal changes due to changing winds
Philippine Monsoons
northeast monsoon
September to June (cold and dry)
AMIHAN
southwest monsoon
July-August (warm and humid)
HABAGAT
this is caused by NOx (nitrogen oxide) and SOx (sulfur oxide)
acid rain
thermal blanket
greenhouse effect
accumulation of carbon dioxide and other gases which causes trapping of heat from the sun
greenhouse effect
caused by an increased of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere resulted in a rapid increase in temperature
global warming
water pollution: the source is easily identified through pipelines from large factories, septic tanks, and others that directly pour wastes into bodies of water
point source pollution
water pollution: the source of water pollution either cannot be identified or may come from many sources
non-point source pollution
algal boom occurs because of the high nutrients in the water. eventually, oxygen concentration is reduced because of the decomposition of dead algae
eutrophication
hypertrophication
