ENGLISH DAY3 Flashcards
CONDITIONALS
this is used in describing situations that are always true or factual. this is also termed REAL CONDITIONAL
ZERO CONDITIONALS
in ZERO CONDITIONALS, the if clause should be in ______ tense and the main clause should be in ________ tense
simple present - simple present
CONDITIONALS
If you expose ice to sunlight, it melts.
The sentence is an example of ______ CONDITIONAL
ZERO CONDITIONAL
IN ZERO CONDITIONALS
If you jump, you (fall/will fall)
fall
CONDITIONALS
this us used in speculating situations that are possible to happen at present time or in the future. this is also termed UNREAL BUT LIKELY CONDITION
FIRST CONDITIONALS
in FIRST CONDITIONALS the if clause should be in _______ tense, while the main clause should be ________
simple present - will + base form
CONDITIONALS
If we dance the night away, we will wake up late tomorrow.
The sentence is an example of _______ conditional
FIRST CONDITIONALS
CONDITIONALS
If you review for the LEPT, you (pass/will pass) the exams.
will pass
CONDITIONALS
this is used in speculating situations that probably WON’T HAPPEN (HYPOTHETICAL/WISHFUL) at present or in the future. This is also termed as UNREAL AND UNLIKELY CONDITION
SECOND CONDITIONALS
in SECOND CONDITIONALS the if clause should be in _______ tense, while the main clause should be ________
Past tense - would/could + base form
CONDITIONALS
If I were a boy, I would understand your situation.
The sentence is an example of ______ conditionals
SECOND CONDITIONALS
CONDITIONALS
If Froilan were the president, he (would prioritize/will prioritize) agriculture.
would prioritize
CONDITIONALS
If he (were/was) to come back to my life, I would never give him another chance.
were
CONDITIONALS
this is used in imagining a DIFFERENT PAST. This is also termed as PAST UNREAL CONDITION
THIRD CONDITIONALS
in THIRD CONDITIONALS the if clause should be in _______ tense, while the main clause should be ________
PAST PERFECT - would/could + have + past participle
CONDITIONALS
If I had the chance to change things, I would have taken every possible opportunity.
the sentence is an example of ________ conditionals
THIRD CONDITIONALS
CONDITIONALS
If he had studied in college, he (would have understood/would understand) English better.
would have understood
FIGURES OF SPEECH
an expressed comparison between two similar things introduces by LIKE, AS, AS IF, THAN, SEEMS, OR SIMILAR TO
SIMILE
FIGURES OF SPEECH
IT DROPPETH LIKE A GENTLE RAIN FROM HEAVEN.
SIMILE
FIGURES OF SPEECH
an implied comparison of unlike subjects WITHOUT LIKE OR AS
METAPHOR
FIGURES OF SPEECH
SHE IS THE APPLE OF HIS EYES.
METAPHOR
FIGURES OF SPEECH
human characteristic is attributed to an inanimate thing
PERSONIFICATION
FIGURES OF SPEECH
TIME AS HE GROWS OLD TEACHES MANY LESSONS. (Aesop)
PERSONIFICATION
FIGURES OF SPEECH
deliberate UNDERSTATEMENT used to affirm by negating its opposite of the adjective
LITOTES
FIGURES OF SPEECH
Edgar Allan Poe is not a bad writer
LITOTES
FIGURES OF SPEECH
an address to the absent as is present or the inanimate as if human
APOSTROPHE
FIGURES OF SPEECH
O Liberty! Liberty!
APOSTROPHE
FIGURES OF SPEECH
a brief and indirect reference to a person, place, thing or idea of historical, cultural, literary, or political significance (SIKAT) (CULTURE DEPENDENT)
ALLUSION
FIGURES OF SPEECH
You are the class’s Miriam Defensor Santiago.
ALLUSION
FIGURES OF SPEECH
an exaggeration for the purpose of emphasis or poetic effect. an overstatement
HYPERBOLE
FIGURES OF SPEECH
My eyes shed streams of tears.
HYPERBOLE
FIGURES OF SPEECH
DISCREPANCY or disparity between what seems and what is.
IRONY
COMMON FORM OF IRONY
DISCREPANCY between what the speaker says and what he means; he says one thing and means the opposite
VERBAL IRONY
COMMON FORM OF IRONY
DISCREPANCY between expectation and result, intention and outcome, illusion and reality
IRONY OF SITUATION
FIGURES OF SPEECH
It was very kind of you to remind me of my humiliation.
IRONY
(VERBAL)
FIGURES OF SPEECH
A fire station burns down.
IRONY
(SITUATION)
FIGURES OF SPEECH
the writer names a part when he means the whole, or whole when he means only a part.
SYNECDOCHE
FIGURES OF SPEECH
Your wheel is dope.
SYNECDOCHE
FIGURES OF SPEECH
replaces the name of thing with the name of something else with which it is closely associated (word association)
METONYMY
FIGURES OF SPEECH
Let me give you a hand.
METONYMY
FIGURES OF SPEECH
The pen is mightier than the sword.
METONYMY
FIGURES OF SPEECH
presentation of two but seemingly contradictory ideas. non-sense but make sense
PARADOX
FIGURES OF SPEECH
On his fourth birthday, he will be 16 years old.
PARADOX
FIGURES OF SPEECH
a compact paradox, one in which TWO SUCCESSIVE WORDS apparently contradict each other.
OXYMORON
FIGURES OF SPEECH
The wise fool burned my taco.
OXYMORON
FIGURES OF SPEECH
Life is full of constant inconstancy.
OXYMORON
FIGURES OF SPEECH
the arrangement of words or ideas according to their degree of importance; thus, the last set appears most valuable
CLIMAX
FIGURES OF SPEECH
“I came, I saw, I conquered.” (Julius Caesar)
CLIMAX
FIGURES OF SPEECH
real apparent or ludicrous decrease in the importance or impressiveness of what is said.
ANTI-CLIMAX
FIGURES OF SPEECH
He lost his family, his job, and his house plants.
ANTI-CLIMAX
literary work of imaginative narration
fiction
literary work of real-life narration or exposition based on history and facts
non-fiction
literary work that was written within the common flow of language in sentences and in paragraphs
prose
literary work expressed in verse, measure, rhythm, sound, and imaginative language
poetry
ELEMENTS OF FICTION
time and place that the story occur
setting
ELEMENTS OF FICTION
representations of the human beings in the story
characters
ELEMENTS OF FICTION
sequence of events in the story
plot
ELEMENTS OF FICTION (plot)
sets the scene by introducing the characters and setting
exposition
ELEMENTS OF FICTION (plot)
establishes the conflict - as well as curiosity, uncertainty, and tension
rising action
ELEMENTS OF FICTION
opposition of persons or conflict of the story. the basic tension, predicament, or challenge of the story
conflict
ELEMENTS OF FICTION
leads to an affirmation, decision, action, and realization - THE PEAK OF THE STORY
climax
ELEMENTS OF FICTION
the finishing of things right after the climax
falling action
ELEMENTS OF FICTION
strands of plot are drawn together and matters are explained or resolved
Denouement
ELEMENTS OF FICTION
the end of the story
ending
types of plot
moves with natural sequence of events where actions are arranged sequentially
linear plot
types of plot
a plot where linear development of the story merges with an interruption in the chronological order to show an event that happened in the past (flashback)
circular plot
types of plot
a plot where the story commences in the middle part of the action
in media res (in the middle of things)
types of plot
an unexpected power or event saving a seemingly hopeless situation, especially as a unnatural plot device in fiction.
deux ex machina
ELEMENTS OF FICTION
determines the narrator of the story
point of view
types of point of views
the story’s character serves as a narrator and readers watch the story unfold through that character’s eyes
first person POV
types of point of views
narrator talks to the audience
second person POV
types of point of views
the narrator is someone outside the story who frequently uses pronouns, like he, she, and they to describe the characters
third person POV
SUBCATEGORY OF THIRD PERSON POV
the narrator knows or reveals nothing about the character’s internal thought, feelings, and motivations but sticks to the EXTERNAL FACTS OF THE STORY
OBJECTIVE THIRD PERSON
SUBCATEGORY OF THIRD PERSON POV
the narrator describes the internal thoughts, feelings, and motivations of one character, usually the main character
limited third person
SUBCATEGORY OF THIRD PERSON POV
the narrator knows and at least partially reveals the internal thoughts, feelings, and motivations of all the characters (alam niya lahat)
OMNISCIENT THIRD PERSON
ELEMENTS OF FICTION
the voice chosen by the author for a particular artistic purpose
PERSONA
ELEMENTS OF FICTION
the significant value or truth about life and its nature that takes place in the illustrations of the actions, preoccupations, and decisions of the characters
(REALITY PRESENTED IN THE STORY)
THEME
A patterned form of written expression of ideas in concentrated, and rhythmical terms that often contain the elements sense, structure, and sound
poetry as genre
TYPE OF POETRY
tells a story in VERSE
NARRATIVE POETRY
TYPE OF POETRY
thoughts and feelings of the speaker. intended to be sung. emotions
LYRIC POETRY
TYPE OF POETRY
written to be PRESENTED OR ACTED ON STAGE
Dramatic Poetry
KINDS OF NARRATIVE POETRY
long narrative poem about a character who embodies the values of the society. Hero
EPIC
KINDS OF NARRATIVE POETRY
a MEDIEVAL verse based on legends, chivalric love and adventure, or the supernatural
METRICAL TALE/METRICAL ROMANCE
KINDS OF NARRATIVE POETRY
a simple narrative poem of a story, composed in short stanzas and adapted for MELODIOUS RECITAL
BALLAD
TYPES OF LYRIC POETRY
expresses exultation or emotional enthusiasm. expresses lofty PRAISES of a person or event
ODE
TYPES OF LYRIC POETRY
deals with grief over the passing of a person or a particular way of life
ELEGY
TYPES OF LYRIC POETRY
consists of 14 LINES with an exact rhyme scheme
SONNET
SONNET
abbaabba
Petrarchan octave
SONNET
cdecde or cdcdcd
Petrarchan sestet
SONNET
abab cdcd efef gg
Shakespearean
TYPES OF LYRIC POETRY
intended primarily to be sung. it has a melodious quality required by the singing voice
SONG
TYPES OF LYRIC POETRY
the category of all those lyrical poems that do not properly belong under any of the other category
SIMPLE LYRIC
