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LET REVIEW > SCIENCE DAY2 > Flashcards

SCIENCE DAY2 Flashcards

1
Q

type of digestion: Chewing of food in the mouth

A

physical digestion

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2
Q

type of digestion: breakdown of large food molecules by enzymes

A

chemical digestion

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3
Q

pharynx is the

A

throat

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4
Q

passes food from your throat to your stomach (food tube)

A

esophagus

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5
Q

where chemical digestion starts

A

stomach

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6
Q

mixed food and gastric juices

A

chyme

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7
Q

final place of digestion
has villi (finger like structure)

A

small intestine

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8
Q

water absorption, production of vitamin K, it ends in rectum

A

large intestine

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9
Q

passageway of defecation

A

anus

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10
Q

accessory organs of digestive system

A
  1. salivary gland
  2. liver
  3. gall bladder
  4. pancreas
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11
Q

largest internal organ in the body

A

liver

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12
Q

liver creates _______

A

bile

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13
Q

bile digest ______

A

fats

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14
Q

stores bile

A

gall bladder

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15
Q

secrete enzymes for digestion of food

A

pancreas

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16
Q

system that transport blood to other parts of the body

A

circulatory system

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17
Q

pumps blood

A

heart

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18
Q

brings blood back to the heart

A

vein

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19
Q

contains of blood cells (RBC, WBC, PLATELETS) and plasma

A

blood

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20
Q

brings blood away from the heart

A

artery

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21
Q

red blood cell is red because of

A

hemoglobin

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22
Q

carries oxygen

A

hemoglobin

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23
Q

protein found in the plasma is responsible for blood clotting

A

fibrinogen

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24
Q

vitamin need for blood clotting

A

vitamin K

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25
Q

mineral needed for blood clotting

A

calcium

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26
Q

vitamin needed for RBC production

A

vitamin B12

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27
Q

liquid part of blood

A

plasma

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28
Q

fights infections and diseases

A

white blood cells

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29
Q

clumping together at the site of a damaged blood vessel, forming a “plug” that temporarily seals the wound and prevents excessive bleeding

A

platelets

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30
Q

body system that supplies body with oxygen and release CO2 as waste

A

respiratory system

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31
Q

inhale, takes in oxygen

A

inspiration

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32
Q

exhale, releases CO2 out

A

expiration

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33
Q

warms and moisten air, traps dirt

A

nose (nostrils)

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34
Q

passageway for both air and food

A

pharynx

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35
Q

prevents the entrance of food to trachea

A

epiglottis

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36
Q

voice box

A

larynx

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37
Q

________ are found inside the larynx

A

vocal chords

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38
Q

windpipe, cartilaginous, traps and sweeps out dirt through cilia

A

trachea

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39
Q

the main organ of the respiratory system

A

lungs

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40
Q

body system that regulates body and maintains homeostasis through hormones

A

endocrine system

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41
Q

pancreas releases ______

A

insulin

42
Q

union of sex cells (gametes) or union of sperm and egg (ovum) forming zygote

A

reproductive system

43
Q

sperm and ovum meet inside the test tube

A

in vitro fertilization

44
Q

sperm and ovum meet inside the body

A

in vivo fertilization

45
Q

produces semen and sperm

A

testes

46
Q

body system that controls sensory and motor functions/memory and emotions

A

nervous system

47
Q

basic unit of nervous system

A

neurons

48
Q

part of brain: voluntary activities, largest, intelligences, learning, judgement. THINKING

A

CEREBRUM

49
Q

part of brain: involuntary, balance, coordination

A

CEREBELLUM

50
Q

part of brain: Connects brain and spinal cord, involuntary, life sustaining

A

brain stem

51
Q

little brain

A

cerebellum

52
Q

part of brain stem: controlled breathing

A

medulla oblongata

53
Q

part of brain stem: controls motor movement, vision, hearing, and more

A

midbrain

54
Q

part of brain stem: It manages pain signals. relays and regulates the signals that give you the sensation of pain from anywhere in your body below your neck

A

pons

55
Q

body system that protects and supports body parts

A

skeletal system

56
Q

framework - it gives shape to the body

A

skeletal system

57
Q

body system: blood cell production on bone marrows. calcium and phosphorous storage

A

skeletal system

58
Q

how many bone does an adult have

A

206

59
Q

body system primarily for movement. moves limbs and other parts of the body. moves substances through the body

A

muscular system

60
Q

types of muscular tissue:

INVOLUNTARY - can be found in stomach and intestine (non-striated)

A

smooth muscle

61
Q

types of muscular tissue:

INVOLUNTARY - can only be found in heart (striated)

A

cardiac muscle

62
Q

types of muscular tissue:

VOLUNTARY - can be found in our limbs (striated)

A

skeletal muscle

63
Q

body system that removes metabolic waste from the body

A

excretory system

64
Q

main excretory organ

A

kidney

65
Q

produces urine

A

kidney

66
Q

is the movement of water across the cell membrane

A

osmosis

67
Q

filters blood

A

kidney

68
Q

cell in HYPOTONIC SOLUTION

A

water comes inside the cell
swell, burst, lysed

69
Q

cell in isotonic solution

A

no net movement of water

70
Q

cell in HYPERTONIC SOLUTION

A

water goes outside the cell
shrink, shrivel, dehydrated

71
Q

body system that serves as body covering. it protects us from UV rays. (nail, skin, hair)

A

INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

72
Q

largest organ of the human body

A

skin

73
Q

the study of ecosystem

A

ecology

74
Q

relationship between living and non-living things

A

ecosystem

75
Q

can make their own food

A

producers/autotrophs

76
Q

obtain food from another organism

A

consumers/heterotrophs

77
Q

plant eaters

A

herbivores

78
Q

feed on other animals

A

carnivores

79
Q

feed on both plant and animals

A

omnivores

80
Q

feed on decaying and necrotic matter (example: vulture)

A

scavengers

81
Q

breakdown dead organisms
(fungi and bacteria)

A

decomposers or saprophytes

82
Q

ecological relationship: sampaguita plant and mango tree

A

competition

83
Q

ecological relationship: lion and deer

A

predation

84
Q

ecological relationship: bee and flower (mutual benefit)

A

mutualism

85
Q

ecological relationship: parasite and host

A

parasitism

86
Q

ecological relationship: orchid and Narra tree

A

commensalism

87
Q

study of genes and heredity

A

genetics

88
Q

father of genetics

A

Gregor Mendel

89
Q

physical appearance of an organism (observable traits)
examples: green, tall, short, straight, kinky

A

phenotype

90
Q

genes of a specific character (Gg, gg, HH, hh)

A

genotype

91
Q

identical alleles (HH, TT, tt)

A

homozygous

92
Q

two different alleles (Hh, Tt)

A

Heterozygous

93
Q

Mendel’s Law of Dominance

prevents the expression of the other gene/recessive gene

A

DOMINANT GENE OR WORKING GENE (CAPITAL LETTER)

94
Q

Mendel’s Law of Dominance

The expression is masked by the presence of a dominant gene. will only have PHENOTYPIC EXPRESSION if present as a homozygous genotype

A

RECESSIVE GENE OR NON-WORKING GENE (SMALL LETTER)

95
Q

S - Straight (Dominant)
s - Kinky (Recessive)

SS

A

STRAIGHT

96
Q

S - Straight (Dominant)
s - Kinky (Recessive)

Ss

A

STRAIGHT

97
Q

S - Straight (Dominant)
s - Kinky (Recessive)

ss

A

KINKY

98
Q

Organs having similar structure but they have different functions e.g., HUMAN ARM, CAT LEG, SEAL FLIPPER, BAT WING

A

HOMOLOGOUS ORGANS

99
Q

organs having similar functions but they have different structures e.g., BUTTERFLY’S WINGS AND BAT WINGS

A

ANALOGOUS ORGANS

100
Q

modification of biological process through human intervention

A

BIOTECHNOLOGY

101
Q

GENETICALLY MODIFIED ORGANISMS OR TRANSGENIC ORGANISM

A

GENETIC ENGINEERING

102
Q

the use of biotechnology to solve environmental problems

A

bioremediation

LET REVIEW (26 decks)

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