scarlet fever

Question 1

cause

Answer 1

group A b hemplytic strep

Question 2

symptoms

Answer 2

exudative pharyngitis, sore throat
fever comes first then after 24 h a rash (mp)
abdominal pain
general symptoms
circumoral pallor
swollen glands on neck
rash (sanpaper)
strawberry tongue

Question 3

does rash appear on face

Answer 3

no but the cheeks can appear flushed

Question 4

epi

Answer 4

5-15 in winter + spring

Question 5

IP

Answer 5

1-4 daysapprox

Question 6

diagnosis

Answer 6

throat culture - gold
rapid strep test (immediate results)
bloods- leukocytosis + neutrphlia ASO titre
urine- glomerulonephritis

Question 7

tx

Answer 7

penicillin + if allergic macrolides take penicillin for TEN DAYS (MCQ) adult 5-7 days

Question 8

when is patient no longer infectious

Answer 8

25 h after taking first dose

Question 9

types of scarlet fever

Answer 9

septic type
toxic stype
surgical type
typical type
mild type

Question 10

complications

Answer 10

RF
otitis , sinisuitis, brain etc
pneumonia

Question 11

dx

Answer 11

viral rash - measles rubella
staph infection
drugs rash

Question 12

pastias lines

Answer 12

red lines particular found in the creases of the antecubital region

Question 13

does the rash blanch

Answer 13

yes

Question 14

key points about Scarlett fever

Answer 14

desquamation and sand paper rash and raspberry tongue e

Question 15

complications

Answer 15

arthritis
rheumatic fever
glomerulonephritis

Question 16

virulence factors

Answer 16

lipoteichoic acid - strikes to epithelial cells
erythrogenic toxic - fever, rash
streptokinase- breaks down clots
hyauldarainuse - breaks down hyaurolic acid which facilitates the spread
M protein- toxic to WBC + platelet

Question 17

moa

Answer 17

respiratory but also touching the sores from a person who has impetigo

Question 18

when do the major complication come and why

Answer 18

2-3 weeks later , its an allergic reactive charge due to cross- reactivity

Question 19

signs of scarlet fever

Answer 19

Filatov triangle (circum-oral pallor)
Pastia lines (antecubital fossate)
Hecht, Rumpel-Leed While treating patients with scarlet fever, they both noted petechiae on patients’ arms distal to where a tourniquet had been applied.

Question 20

describe the rash

Answer 20

small maculopapules predominantly in the axilar and inguinal regions., it starts off flat then becomes more bumpy

Question 21

Pregnant in the 1st trimester has discrete macular rash and negative serological test (ELISA) for
Rubella. What is the next step?

Answer 21

need to repeat the test in 2-3 weeks as you need to make sure the tests are valid as you risk aborting the baby for no reason

Question 22

people in contact

Answer 22

monitored for 10 days