Measles

Question 1

another name

Answer 1

rubeola

Question 2

moa

Answer 2

respiratory

Question 3

prophylaxis

Answer 3

MMR - live

Question 4

what tpe of virus is it

Answer 4

RNA

genus - morbiliivirus

Question 5

ip

Answer 5

2 weeks

Question 6

pathognomic

Answer 6

koplik spots on the buccal mucosa

Question 7

big complications

Answer 7

subacutescleroisng pan ecephalitis - a progressive neurlogical disorder usually coming 2-10 years after attck - behavioural changes, memory loss, seizures etc or just encephalitis

Question 8

how long does the diease typically last

Answer 8

10 days

Question 9

stages of diease

Answer 9

IP

1. prodromal/cattarhal stage
2. exanthem stage
3. convalescent

Question 10

symptoms

Answer 10

fever >40
coryzal symptoms
conjunctivitis followed by a rash
koplik

Question 11

key point about infection with measles

Answer 11

even after the rash disappears the patient can still be infectious for 4 days

Question 12

prognosis

Answer 12

usually good if uncomplicated but poor if neonate or immunocompromised

Question 13

gold standard

Answer 13

measles specific IGM ab’s ( may be negative in 1st 3 days)

Question 14

diagnosis

Answer 14

gold standard (igm measle antibdoies) PCR , clinical picture 
labs: leukopenia, thromcytopenia, neutropenia

Question 15

epi

Answer 15

worldwide typically in low vaccinated develping countries peak incidence <12 months age

Question 16

where does the rash usually begin and characteristics

Answer 16

on the , hairline behind ears face . The rash begins to spread down the neck, trunk, and extremities. By day three, the whole body is covered. its a brick red rash and starts to clear in the order it came

Question 17

what comes first koplik or rash

Answer 17

koplik (cattarhal stage)

Question 18

minor complications

Answer 18

otitis media , pneumonia, BLINDENESS

lecture divides into respiratory, (croup, laryngitis etc) CNS a nd diarrhoea(children)

Question 19

does the rash blanch

Answer 19

yes

Question 20

key word to describe rash and when does it break out

Answer 20

confluent especially on the face and after 3-5 days after symptoms begin rash breaks out

Question 21

prodromal phase and how long

Answer 21

3 c’s cough (non productive) coryza conjunctivitis - these symptoms nearly always precede the koplik spots . lasts around 3-5 days

Question 22

TARGET SYSTEM OF MEASLES

Answer 22

ITS A VIRAL INFECTION OF RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Question 23

interesting fact about measles

Answer 23

one of the world most contagious diseases

Question 24

when are you contagious

Answer 24

4 days before and 4 days after the rash

Question 25

who’s at risk for complications

Answer 25

children <5 and adults >20

Question 26

do children die from measles

Answer 26

Children usually don’t die directly of measles, but of its complications

Question 27

Measles in immunocompromised

Answer 27

Often without a rash and Virus-induced giant pneumonia

Question 28

atypical measles

Answer 28

Modified measles — mild form —partial immunity
Rash-faint, not confluent, Koplik spots may or may not be present

happens in individuals who were previously vaccinated but did not develop full immunity

Question 29

measures

Answer 29

isolated room (negative pressure ventilation)

Question 30

MMR DOSES

Answer 30

2 DOSES

1. 12-15 months
2. 4-6 years

Question 31

post exposure prophylaxis

Answer 31

MMR vaccine within 72 hours of initial measles exposure, or immunoglobulin (IG) within six days of exposure. Do not administer MMR vaccine and IG simultaneously, as this practice invalidates the vaccine.

Question 32

how long does the rash descend for

Answer 32

3 days !

Question 33

is watch itchy

Answer 33

not usually

Question 34

measures mcps

Answer 34

should be isolated for 5 days after the rash appears
children under 2 years of age living in unsanitary conditions should be hospitalized​

children vaccinated 30 days before contact shouldn’t be isolated

Question 35

most recent epidemic in Bulgaria

Answer 35

2009-2010, the case was an imported case