INFluenza and parainfluenza adenovirus Flashcards
dx of influenza
Haemorrhagic fever because of the conjunctivitis
Q fever
pneumonia
parainfluenza
rickettsia
viral hepatitis- causes flu like syndrome
treatment of flu
Tamiflu is a neuramindase inhibitor (oseltamavir - antiviral /amantadien
Supportive symotmatic
Immunostimulants
which is the most virulent strain of flu
A- (also passed to animals)
diagnosis of influenza
History, Symptoms
Serological tests , PCR
Viral culture - using chicken embryos (not done these days)
IP
24-72 h
clinical forms f influenza
- hype toxic - resembling toxic shock
2 .pneumoinfluenza - hemorrgahic necrotic pneumonia that rapidly progresses to ARDS - atypical
CARDINAL SIGN IN FLU
FEVER
CATTARHAL SYMPTOMS
INTOXIATION
reyes syndrome
Reye’s syndrome most often affects children and teenagers recovering from a viral infection, most commonly the flu or chickenpox.
causes encepalopathy and liver damage (enzymes) leading to seizures
a child’s blood sugar level typically drops while the levels of ammonia and acidity in his or her blood rise. At the same time, the liver may swell and develop fatty deposits. Swelling may also occur in the brain, which can cause seizures, convulsions or loss of consciousness.
complications of flu
Pneumonia, most common Secondary bacterial pneumonia ( so if symptoms persist after the 3-5 days,) Laryngitis Otitis reyes syndrome meningitis/encephalitis gbs
cold vs flu
flue always has intoxication flu sometimes runny nose flue sometimes sneeze flu sometimes sore throat chest discomfort can become severe in flu
type of virus of influenza
RNA
pathogenetic factors
Neuraminidase- degrades receptors and allows the release of the virus
Hemogluttinin - allows the connection to receptors - ab’s to this seem to be the most important for immunity
M protein
drift vs shift
Antigenic shift - an entirely new antigen, sudden change, explosive spread only in A
Antigenic drift - slight modified antigens , its an accumulation of small mutations over time . Occurs in both A+ B
pathogens of parainfluenza vs influenza
Parainfluenza: enters respiratory epithelium causes release of inflammatory cytokines, edema and increase in mucous production - obstruction and leading to striodor
flu: enteres repsiartory epithelium
Influenza also invades respiratory epithelium but unlike covid has the ability to infect more respiratory tract cells like alveolar cells, mucous glands, macrophages. The virus replicates quit fast (4-6h). Mechanism is thought to be liked to the inhibition of ACTH which decreases cortisol levels
type of virus adenovirus
DNA
