meningococcal

Question 1

moa of MD

Answer 1

respiratory

Question 2

complications of meningitis

Answer 2

limb encores leading to amputation
subdural effusion (common in infants)

Question 3

complications of MD

Answer 3

DEAFNESS
delayed development
hydrocephalus

Question 4

main target populated of MD

Answer 4

infants, children, and young adults. BUT HIGHETS INCIDENCE IN children under 5, and epscially infants as the passive maternal antibodies decrease

Question 5

virulence factors

Answer 5

1. IG protease which neutralises the iG A secretions and allows it to adhere and colonise
2. polysaccaride capsule
3. endotoxin

Question 6

serotypes of meningitides

Answer 6

13 serogroups but A B C Y W135 account for the majority of infections

Question 7

rf for meningitis

Answer 7

aspelina, immunodeficiency , complement (properderin deficiency )

Question 8

IP MD

Answer 8

3-5 DAYS

Question 9

PRESNETATION OF MD

Answer 9

In infants under 1 year of age, the presentation may be atypical with slow onset, low-grade fever, poor feeding, somnolence, “fussy” behavior, or irritability. Later, vomiting, lethargy, and seizures ensue.

Question 10

measures

Answer 10

quick notification to RH inspectorate
should be taken to infectious diseases clinic and treated and only released after 2 negative nasalpharyx swabs

people who have recovered should be followed 1-3 years after

Question 11

contacts

Answer 11

monitored for 7 days
checked by swab if carrier then treat with erythran for 3-4 days and after another swab t confirm

Question 12

description of the rash

Answer 12

The bacteria are usually found in soil, dust, and manure and enter the body through breaks in the skin — usually cuts or puncture wounds caused by contaminated objects.

Question 13

vaccine

Answer 13

polyvalent vaccine contains serotypes A, C Y 135 (not one for b )

polysaccharide vaccine

IM

teenagers off to uni are advised to get the vaccine

lecture says take 1-2 weeks before going endemic area

Question 14

epidemioligy of meningicoccal disease

Answer 14

Meningococcal disease occurs worldwide, with the highest incidence of disease found in the ‘meningitis belt’ of sub-Saharan Africa. In this region, major epidemics occur every 5 to 12 years.

In the meningitis belt, serogroup A historically accounted for 9 in 10 meningococcal disease cases and the majority of large-scale epidemics. Starting in 2010, meningitis belt countries began implementing mass vaccination campaigns for a monovalent serogroup A meningococcal conjugate vaccine (MenAfriVac®).

In temperate regions the number of cases increases in winter and spring.

Question 15

tx

Answer 15

antibitoics
mannitol
dexathamesone