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Roman Republic Flashcards

1
Q

What do Romans speak?

A

Latin and Greek

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2
Q

What are some influences found on Romans even today?

A

Language
Art/Philosophy
Religion/Mythology

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3
Q

What river valley is in northern italy?

A

Po River Valley

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4
Q

What sea does the italian peninsula jut into?

A

Mediterranean

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5
Q

Why is it good that Italy is a peninsula?

A

Central place for trade and transportation safely

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6
Q

Who are the two brothers that founded Rome?

A

Romulus and Remus

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7
Q

Who were the brothers raised by?

A

Wolves

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8
Q

Who killed who?

A

Romulus killed Remus

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9
Q

When was Rome founded?

A

753 BC

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10
Q

Where was the city Rome founded on?

A

Tiber River

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11
Q

Who did Romulus descend from?

A

Aeneas, who after the Trojan War came to Italy and settled in the area of Rome (Latium)

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12
Q

Who helped build the city of Rome?

A

Etruscans

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13
Q

When was the Republic founded?

A

509 BC

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14
Q

Who were considered the first Italians?

A

Etruscans

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15
Q

What is a Democracy?

A

Rule of the people, majority rules

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16
Q

What is a Republic?

A

Elected leaders make decisions on people’s behalf and are bound by the law

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17
Q

What is a Democratic Republic?

A

We are a republic bound by the law but also a representative democracy

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18
Q

Who are the Patricians?

A

Nobles/Wealthy/Elite/Landowners

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19
Q

Who are the Plebeians?

A

Townspeople/Small Farmers/Laborers

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20
Q

What is the basic name for elected officals?

A

Magistrates

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21
Q

What is the consul?

A

2 of them had to agree-supreme power in the city-yearly

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22
Q

What is a dictator?

A

Leader whose law would overrule the consuls during time of need for 6 months

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23
Q

Who is Senator?

A

300 former magistrates,did not make the laws, but could advise magistrates

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24
Q

Who are the assemblies?

A

Made up of Patricians and Plebeians there main job was to elect magistrates

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25
Q

Who are the tribunes?

A

Leaders of the plebeians eventually had veto power

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26
Q

What does veto mean?

A

I forbid

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27
Q

Who was Cinncinatus?

A

One of the most admired dictators

28
Q

What are the 12 tables?

A

Creation of a written code of laws: 450 BC

29
Q

What were the 12 tables for?

A

Holdes everyone accountable

30
Q

What were the years that Rome were in many wars?

A

500BC-44BC

31
Q

What are Roman Legions?

A

A battle formation

32
Q

How many men were in these legions?

A

5-6000 men

33
Q

How many groups are there?

A

40

34
Q

What is a centurion?

A

Professional leader of about 80 men in a legion

35
Q

What is decimation?

A

A practice of beating/stoning/every tenth man in a legion that tried to abandon a fight/mutiny against a leader

36
Q

How long do men have to serve in the military?

A

10 years

37
Q

What are the Roman soldiers called?

A

Legionaries

38
Q

What are the Punic Wars?

A

A series of three wars between Carthage and Rome-the two superpowers of that time

39
Q

What is the first war?
What is the second war?
What is the third war?

A

Dispute over Sicily
Rise of Hannibal
Destruction of Carthage

40
Q

Who is Hannibal?

A

A Carthagianan General that grew up on the conquered Iberian Peninsula. And grew up hating the Romans.

41
Q

True or False: Hannibal was a brilliant strategist

A

True

42
Q

Why did Hannibal go through the Alps?

A

If they went by boat the Italians allies could have wiped them out before they got to Italian soil

43
Q

What was the second battle called?

A

Battle of Cannae

44
Q

How many men did Hannibal killed?

A

50,000

45
Q

Who had acces to political power?

A

Patricians

46
Q

What does Mare Nostrum mean?

A

Our Sea because the Romans conquered the Mediterrranean

47
Q

Why did slaves take jobs from the plebeians?

A

While there were out at war the Patricans claimed land for themselves and they needed slaves from the areas they conquered

48
Q

Who were the grandsons of Scipio?

A

The Gracchi brothers-Tiberious and Gaius

49
Q

What did these brothers want to enforce?

A

Equal rights for the plebeians

50
Q

Why was Tiberius killed?

A

Because the senates were afraid that if he gained to much power he would have ideas of making the plebeians more powerful and wealthy

51
Q

What happened to his brother Gaius?

A

Gaius: tried to do the same thing his brother did and failed in the end by commiting suicide before the senators killed him like his brother

52
Q

What is a key point?

A

Violence is a tool for political action and incredible corruption in the Republic for shadowing incredible violence and instability in the Republic

53
Q

Who was Marius?

A

A general that has the army by his side and reports to him?

54
Q

Who does he get into a civil war with?

A

Sulla

55
Q

Who was Sulla?

A

Learned under Marius/ Dictator/ Retired after he defeated Marius to live in a country estate

56
Q

When was Julius Ceaser born?

A

100 BC

57
Q

Who was then nephew of Marius

A

Julius Ceaser(Wasn’t a big threat to Sulla at the time)

58
Q

Who was in the Triumvirate with Julius?

A

Pompey,and Crassus

59
Q

Who was Pompey?

A

A Military General that has the military on his side

60
Q

Who was Crassus?

A

The richest man in Rome(Perhaps in the world)

61
Q

Who did Ceaser conquer?

A

Gaul(France, Belgium, Germany, Luxembourg)

62
Q

Who was Cicero?

A

Somebody that opposed and reminded Rome what a republic was not a dictatorship

63
Q

Who died and the split the trio?

A

Crassus (Money-maker)

64
Q

What happened in the trio civil war?

A

Pompey and Julius fought against each other in rage and crossed the rubicon as a symbol of never going back

65
Q

How many times was Cesear stabbed?

A

23-26 times

66
Q

What happened to Rome after Julius’s death?

A

The fall

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