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Roman Republic Flashcards

1
Q

What do Romans speak?

A

Latin and Greek

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2
Q

What are some influences found on Romans even today?

A

Language
Art/Philosophy
Religion/Mythology

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3
Q

What river valley is in northern italy?

A

Po River Valley

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4
Q

What sea does the italian peninsula jut into?

A

Mediterranean

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5
Q

Why is it good that Italy is a peninsula?

A

Central place for trade and transportation safely

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6
Q

Who are the two brothers that founded Rome?

A

Romulus and Remus

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7
Q

Who were the brothers raised by?

A

Wolves

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8
Q

Who killed who?

A

Romulus killed Remus

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9
Q

When was Rome founded?

A

753 BC

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10
Q

Where was the city Rome founded on?

A

Tiber River

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11
Q

Who did Romulus descend from?

A

Aeneas, who after the Trojan War came to Italy and settled in the area of Rome (Latium)

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12
Q

Who helped build the city of Rome?

A

Etruscans

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13
Q

When was the Republic founded?

A

509 BC

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14
Q

Who were considered the first Italians?

A

Etruscans

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15
Q

What is a Democracy?

A

Rule of the people, majority rules

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16
Q

What is a Republic?

A

Elected leaders make decisions on people’s behalf and are bound by the law

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17
Q

What is a Democratic Republic?

A

We are a republic bound by the law but also a representative democracy

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18
Q

Who are the Patricians?

A

Nobles/Wealthy/Elite/Landowners

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19
Q

Who are the Plebeians?

A

Townspeople/Small Farmers/Laborers

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20
Q

What is the basic name for elected officals?

A

Magistrates

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21
Q

What is the consul?

A

2 of them had to agree-supreme power in the city-yearly

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22
Q

What is a dictator?

A

Leader whose law would overrule the consuls during time of need for 6 months

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23
Q

Who is Senator?

A

300 former magistrates,did not make the laws, but could advise magistrates

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24
Q

Who are the assemblies?

A

Made up of Patricians and Plebeians there main job was to elect magistrates

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25
Who are the tribunes?
Leaders of the plebeians eventually had veto power
26
What does veto mean?
I forbid
27
Who was Cinncinatus?
One of the most admired dictators
28
What are the 12 tables?
Creation of a written code of laws: 450 BC
29
What were the 12 tables for?
Holdes everyone accountable
30
What were the years that Rome were in many wars?
500BC-44BC
31
What are Roman Legions?
A battle formation
32
How many men were in these legions?
5-6000 men
33
How many groups are there?
40
34
What is a centurion?
Professional leader of about 80 men in a legion
35
What is decimation?
A practice of beating/stoning/every tenth man in a legion that tried to abandon a fight/mutiny against a leader
36
How long do men have to serve in the military?
10 years
37
What are the Roman soldiers called?
Legionaries
38
What are the Punic Wars?
A series of three wars between Carthage and Rome-the two superpowers of that time
39
What is the first war? What is the second war? What is the third war?
Dispute over Sicily Rise of Hannibal Destruction of Carthage
40
Who is Hannibal?
A Carthagianan General that grew up on the conquered Iberian Peninsula. And grew up hating the Romans.
41
True or False: Hannibal was a brilliant strategist
True
42
Why did Hannibal go through the Alps?
If they went by boat the Italians allies could have wiped them out before they got to Italian soil
43
What was the second battle called?
Battle of Cannae
44
How many men did Hannibal killed?
50,000
45
Who had acces to political power?
Patricians
46
What does Mare Nostrum mean?
Our Sea because the Romans conquered the Mediterrranean
47
Why did slaves take jobs from the plebeians?
While there were out at war the Patricans claimed land for themselves and they needed slaves from the areas they conquered
48
Who were the grandsons of Scipio?
The Gracchi brothers-Tiberious and Gaius
49
What did these brothers want to enforce?
Equal rights for the plebeians
50
Why was Tiberius killed?
Because the senates were afraid that if he gained to much power he would have ideas of making the plebeians more powerful and wealthy
51
What happened to his brother Gaius?
Gaius: tried to do the same thing his brother did and failed in the end by commiting suicide before the senators killed him like his brother
52
What is a key point?
Violence is a tool for political action and incredible corruption in the Republic for shadowing incredible violence and instability in the Republic
53
Who was Marius?
A general that has the army by his side and reports to him?
54
Who does he get into a civil war with?
Sulla
55
Who was Sulla?
Learned under Marius/ Dictator/ Retired after he defeated Marius to live in a country estate
56
When was Julius Ceaser born?
100 BC
57
Who was then nephew of Marius
Julius Ceaser(Wasn't a big threat to Sulla at the time)
58
Who was in the Triumvirate with Julius?
Pompey,and Crassus
59
Who was Pompey?
A Military General that has the military on his side
60
Who was Crassus?
The richest man in Rome(Perhaps in the world)
61
Who did Ceaser conquer?
Gaul(France, Belgium, Germany, Luxembourg)
62
Who was Cicero?
Somebody that opposed and reminded Rome what a republic was not a dictatorship
63
Who died and the split the trio?
Crassus (Money-maker)
64
What happened in the trio civil war?
Pompey and Julius fought against each other in rage and crossed the rubicon as a symbol of never going back
65
How many times was Cesear stabbed?
23-26 times
66
What happened to Rome after Julius's death?
The fall

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