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Medieval Test Flashcards

1
Q

From 476-1000 AD Europe experienced what?

A

The Dark Ages

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2
Q

What were some reasons why this period was called the Dark Ages?

A

Low Population
Low literacy rates
Famine

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3
Q

What were some things that happened during the Dark Age?

A

Blending of Roman and Germanic Cultures
Christianity is on the rise
Europe is heavily forested

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4
Q

Who named the Dark Ages?

A

Francesco Petracu

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5
Q

What is another name for the Middle Ages?

A

Medieval Ages

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6
Q

Who was Clovis?

A

Leader of the Franks

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7
Q

What was the dynasty that Clovis started (Leader of the Franks)?

A

Merovingians

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8
Q

What was Charles Martel’s nickname?

A

Hammer (Because of his victory in Battle)

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9
Q

What is the Battle Of Tour?

A

Christianity vs. Muslims

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10
Q

What would have happened if the christians lost at the Battle of Tours?

A

Christianity could’ve never spread around the world

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11
Q

What was the date of the Battle of Tours?

A

732 AD

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12
Q

What was the main goal in life in the Dark Ages?

A

Survival

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13
Q

What modern country is named after the Franks?

A

France

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14
Q

What were some of the accomplishments of Charlemagne?

A

Cared for the poor
Abolished Abortion
Gave order in chaos

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15
Q

Who crowned Charlemagne emperor?

A

Pope Leo 3

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16
Q

When was Charlemagne crowned?

A

800

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17
Q

What was the greatest threat to Charlemagne at the end of his reign?

A

The Vikings

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18
Q

Where did the Vikings come from?

A

Nordic Countries(Norway, Sweden, Finland, Iceland, Denmark

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19
Q

What were some of the traits of the Vikings?

A

Warrior Culture
Expert Shipbuilders

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20
Q

What did the Vikings do to be known for their bad culture

A

Intimidating and frightening
Known for there quick attacks without warning

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21
Q

What were a way that Vikings were intimidating?

A

They filed their teeth

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22
Q

What did the Vikings cause?

A

The start of Feudalism

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23
Q

What was the other group of invaders called?

A

Anglo-Saxons

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24
Q

Who was Eric The Red?

A

The first European to reach North America

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25
Q

How much time was between Eric the Red and Columbus?

A

500 years

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26
Q

What was the colony called that was started by Lief Erickson in Canada?

A

Vinland

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27
Q

What is Feudalism?

A

A system of agreements between social classes

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28
Q

Lord/Noble
Vassal
Knights
Fief
Serf/Peasant

A

Wealthy Landowners
Individual who served a lord militaryily
Heavily armored vassals that protected the land
Small piece of land granted to Vassals in exchange for military service
Common Laborers

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29
Q

What is a manor?

A

An agricultural estate owned by a knight or lord (located on a fief of land)

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30
Q

What are the two basic needs that Feudalism meets?

A

Food and Protection

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31
Q

What are some major reasons for the decline for Feudalism?

A

NEW TECHNOLOGY
Heavy Plows
Horses instead of Oxen for farming
TRADE

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32
Q

What were the literacy rates throughout the Middle Ages?

A

Less than 5%

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33
Q

What was the role of The Pope in the Catholic Church?

A

He had all of the power

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34
Q

What is excommunication?

A

Depriving a person from receiving the sacraments

35
Q

What is interdict?

A

Excommunication of an entire region

36
Q

What is indulgence?

A

Was some type of paper or statement issued that would remove a certain sin

37
Q

What is Purgatory?

A

Half way house between heaven and hell

38
Q

What were the ways that people in Middle Ages learned about the bible?

A

Illistrated Manuscripts
Medieval Narrative Art

39
Q

What is Papal Bull?

A

A letter to explain a religious teaching or outline church policy

40
Q

What does Unam Sanctum mean?

A

“One Holy”

41
Q

Who made the Unam Sanctum?

A

Pope Boniface declared that he had control over the physical and spiritual world.

42
Q

What did the Unam Sanctum Communicate to kings all over Europe?

A

That the Pope had the ultimate authority in the spiritual and physical world

43
Q

What happened when Pope Boniface communicated the Sanctum?

A

The King Of France kidnapped him and beat him

44
Q

What is the difference between Friars and Monks?

A

Friars worked among the people while believing in their religion and Monks collected and copied many biblical texts living in the Monasteries

45
Q

Who was Saint Francis of Assisi?

A

He was a person known for believing that everyone was his brother and sister including animals.

46
Q

What was The Crusades?

A

Religious/Cultural Wars blessed by The Pope and the church

47
Q

Who was the enemy in the crusades?

A

Muslims

48
Q

What was the goal of the wars?

A

To regain the holy land (Jerusalem)

49
Q

What does Crusade mean?

A

Taking up cross

50
Q

How long did the Crusades go on?

A

Roughly 200 years (With Breaks)

51
Q

How many Crusades were there?

A

9 (4 main ones)

52
Q

Which Pope called for the crusades?

A

Pope Urban

53
Q

Where did Islam originate?

A

Arabian Peninsula

54
Q

Who is the founder of Islam?

A

The prophet Muhammad

55
Q

What is the Dome Of the Rock?

A

Holy Place in Jerusalem

56
Q

What is Mecca?

A

Location of Pilgrimage for Muslims

57
Q

What are the Five Pillars of Islam?

A

There is no god but Allah, and Muhammad is his prophet
Daily prayers toward Mecca
Alms to the poor
Fasting during Rammadan
Pilgrimage to Mecca

58
Q

How did Islam spread so rapidly?

A

Because they conquered areas so quickly and everyone converted

59
Q

What was promised to those who fought in the Crusades?

A

Spiritual Merit and Salvation

60
Q

What else was promised in the Crusades if the people fought?

A

Offer of Salvation
Adventure
Fame/Fortune
Escape from European Life
Offer of Land or Freedom

61
Q

Who was Richard Lionheart?

A

He was a king that fought in the crusades that was a great leader and a skilled soldier

62
Q

What happened at the end of the 4th crusade?

A

Crusaders sacked Constantinople a city they were originally helping

63
Q

What were some negative results of the crusades?

A

City of Jerusalem was destroyed
Many people were killed
Soldiers were lied to in terms of what there reward would be
Final split between the Orthodox and Catholic church

64
Q

What were some positive affects of the crusades?

A

Trade has new routes to go through
Ideas mostly in education came to Europe

65
Q

What country develops the Magna Carta?

A

England

66
Q

What is the Magna Carta?

A

A group of nobles decided to force the kings to respect their rights and demands

67
Q

What does Magna Carta mean?

A

Great Charter

68
Q

How many demands were there?

A

63

69
Q

What caused the Magna Carta?

A

The King of England was abusing his power because of his loss against the french

70
Q

What is the Black Death?

A

A disease that affected 1/3 of Europe’s population

71
Q

Where did the Black Death come from?

A

Came from China/Mongolia and they came from the port

72
Q

Where did the disease reach first?

A

Sicily

73
Q

What was the percentage of death?

A

25-50 million deaths

74
Q

What people group was persecuted because of the plague?

A

The jews

75
Q

How did the plague shape the world?

A

Brought an end to feudalism

76
Q

What was the 100 years war?

A

War between France and England because the king of France died and a war broke out amongst them

77
Q

What is another way of saying that Europe wanted to be the best?

A

National Pride

78
Q

What was some New Technology that was invented in the 100 years war?

A

Longbow
Gunpowder

79
Q

Who was Joan of Arc?

A

17 year old claimed to have a vision from God and lead the french into battle and won

80
Q

True or False: France suffered more than Europe did

A

True

81
Q

What is the Reconquista?

A

Meaning Reconquest: Spain and Portugal’s attempt to drive out the Moors on the Iberian Peninusla

82
Q

What is Castille?

A

Largest Kingdom in Spain

83
Q

What is the Spanish Inquistion?

A

A secret organization that decreed that everybody had to convert to christianity and if not they would be punished

84
Q

What Kingdom is Ferdinand and Isabella from?

A

Castille and Aragon

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