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School Study Stuff > Ocean Quiz (1) > Flashcards

Ocean Quiz (1) Flashcards

1
Q

What is Sonar?

A

A device used for echo and the velocity of sound in water

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2
Q

What is a satellite?

A

Technology used to scan the ocean’s surface

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3
Q

What is a submersible?

A

An underwater vehicle that investigates the deepest parts of the ocean

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4
Q

What is Side-Scan Sonar?

A

A technique used to detect sound waves to the sea floor at an angle so that the sides of different topographic features are mapped

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5
Q

How much water does the ocean contain?

A

97% of the Earth’s water

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6
Q

What is Global Sea Level?

A

Is the level of the ocean’s surface

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7
Q

Why has sea level risen and fallen over time?

A

Melting Ice
Tectonic Forces
Expanding Glaciers

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8
Q

How much of Earth’s surface is covered by the ocean?

A

71%

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9
Q

How much of the Northern hemisphere is covered by oceans?

A

61% because most of the Earth’s landmasses are there

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10
Q

How much of the Southern hemisphere is covered by oceans?

A

81% because less landmasses are there

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11
Q

What are the three largest oceans?

A

Pacific (Largest)
Atlantic
Indian (Smallest)

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12
Q

What is ice-crystal slush?

A

It develops at the surface of the water and eventually solidifies

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13
Q

When ice slush solidifies into indiviual round pieces it is called?

A

Pack Ice

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14
Q

Where do ice sheets come from?

A

Pancake Ice

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15
Q

What is pancake Ice?

A

A thick cover of expanding ice

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16
Q

What is the closest sea to CCS?

A

Gulf of Mexico

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17
Q

What is the solution of seawater?

A

96.5%-water
3.5%-dissolved salts

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18
Q

What is the most abundant salt in seawater?

A

Sodium Chloride

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19
Q

Because these substances are dissolved they can form into…

A

Ions

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20
Q

What is salinity?

A

Is a measure of the amount of salts in seawater

21
Q

Chlorine and Sulfur dissolve in?

A

Water

22
Q

How are organisms influencing the reduce or spread of ions?

A

Marine organisms reduce the ions from seawater to build shells, teeth, and bones

23
Q

What is freshwater’s maximum density?

A

1.00 cm

24
Q

Why is seawater denser than freshwater?

A

The salt ions are heavier than water molecules

25
Q

Light sufficient for photosynthesis exists only in the top what meters of the ocean?

A

100 m

26
Q

What is the thermocline?

A

Layer between the surface and bottom layer and it gets the second to least amount of sunlight.

27
Q

What are the ocean layers?

A

Surface
Thermocline
Bottom

28
Q

Antarctic Bottom Water
North Atlantic Deep Water
Antarctic Intermediate Water

A

1.When Antarctic seas freeze during the winter
2.Same thing but off the coast of Greenland
3.When salty waters of the Antarctic become cold and sink

29
Q

What is a wave?

A

A rhythmic movement that carries energy through space or matter

30
Q

What kind of pattern do ocean waves go through?

A

Circular

31
Q

What is a crest?
What is a trough?

A

Highest point of a wave
Lowest point of a wave

32
Q

What is the vertical distance of a wave?
What is the horizontal distance of a wave?

A

Amplitude/Height
Wavelength

33
Q

What does the wavelength determine?

A

Wave Base

34
Q

What does wave height depend on?

A

Wind speed, wind duration, and fetch

35
Q

What is fetch?

A

The expanse of water that the wind blows across

36
Q

What are breakers?

A

Are waves where the crests collapse forward when the waves become higher

37
Q

What are tides?

A

The periodic rise and fall of the sea

38
Q

Why does the tidal range change?

A

Differences in topography

39
Q

What are the basic causes of tides?

A

Gravitational attraction among Earth, the moon and the sun

40
Q

Why are lunar tides more high than the other ones?

A

The moon is closer to the Earth

41
Q

What are Solar Tides?
What are Spring Tides?

A

They can either enchance or diminish lunar tides
Occur when the sun, moon and earth are aligned

42
Q

What happens to a density current?

A

It moves slower

43
Q

What are surface currents?

A

They are wind-driven that affect the ocean

44
Q

What are the five major gyres?

A

North Pacific, North Atlantic, South Pacific, South Atlantic, Indian Ocean

45
Q

What are deep ocean currents driven by?

A

Gravity and Density

46
Q

What are the two factors that are important in creating a dense mass of moving water?

A

Tempature

Salinity

47
Q

What is deep ocean circulation referred to as?

A

Thermohaline

48
Q

What is upwelling?

A

Is the upward motion of ocean water

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