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School Study Stuff > Plate Tectonics > Flashcards

Plate Tectonics Flashcards

1
Q

What is another way of saying Earth’s crust and upper mantle?

A

Lithosphere

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2
Q

What is the theory behind plate tectonics

A

The theory that pieces of Earth’s lithosphere are in constant motion, driven by convection currents in the mantle.

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3
Q

What are the three types of boundaries?

A

Divergent, Convergent, Transform

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4
Q

What is a divergent boundary?

A

The arrows moving in the opposite direction

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5
Q

What is a convergent boundary?

A

When the arrows are pointing in the same direction

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6
Q

What is a transformed boundary?

A

The arrows sliding past each other

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7
Q

Alfred Wegener came up with the idea of what?

A

Continental

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8
Q

What is the lithosphere broken up into?

A

Plates

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9
Q

True or False: A section of the lithosphere that slowly moves over the asthenosphere, carrying pieces of continental and oceanic crust.

A

True

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10
Q

Why do Earth quakes and volcanoes happen?

A

Because tectonic plates are in constant motion

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11
Q

What are convection currents?

A

move the plates as the core heats the slowly-flowing asthenosphere (the elastic/plastic-like part of the mantle).

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12
Q

Where do the edges of the Earth’s plates meet?

A

Plate Boundaries

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13
Q

What is a fault?

A

Breaks in Earth’s crust where rocks have slipped past each other.

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14
Q

True or False: A different type of plate movement occurs along each type of boundary.

A

True

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15
Q

What is a plate boundary?

A

A plate boundary where two plates move towards each other.

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16
Q

What does rifting called?

A

Seafloor Spreading

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17
Q

How is the rock pulled at Divergent Boundaries?

A

Rock gets THIN in the middle as it is pulled apart.

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18
Q

What is this stress called?

A

Tension

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19
Q

What happens when the rock SNAPS from the Stress of Tension?

A

A Normal Fault

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20
Q

True or False: A rock drops down when it breaks?

A

True

21
Q

What happens next at Divergent Boundaries?

A

A rift valley can occur

22
Q

You need to look at pictures for rift valleys

A

Sea-floor Spreading

23
Q

What is seafloor spreading?

A

Occurs at divergent boundary, As tectonic plates slowly move away from each other, heat from the mantle’s convection currents makes the crust more plastic and less dense.

24
Q

True or False: The Athensophere pulls apart and the lithosphere is at the bottom where the magma is

A

False: The lithosphere is being pulled apart and the athenosphere is at the bottom where the magma is

25
Q

What are some features of divergent boundaries?

A

Mid-Ocean Ridges
Rift Valleys
Fissure Volcanoes

26
Q

True or False: A plate boundary where two plates move towards each other.

A

True

27
Q

Convergent boundaries can have two plates what?

A

Colliding

28
Q

What is this stress called?

A

Compression

29
Q

What happens when plates crash and collide against each other?

A

Subduct each other ( one sinks under the other)

30
Q

What are three examples of subduction?

A

The Peru/Chile Trench-Eurasian Plate/South American Plate
Japan Trench- Eurasian Plate/ Pacific Plate
Himalayas- Indian: Australian Plate/ Eurasian

31
Q

What is the first type of convergent boundary?

A

The process by which oceanic crust sinks beneath a deep-ocean trench and back into the mantle at a convergent plate boundary.

32
Q

What is a subduction zone?

A

The process by which oceanic crust sinks beneath a deep-ocean trench and back into the mantle at a convergent plate boundary.

33
Q

What occurs at subduction zones?

A

Volcanoes

34
Q

What is the second type of convergent boundary?

A

Ocean plate colliding with another ocean plate

35
Q

True or False: The more dense plate slides under the less dense plate creating a subduction zone called a TRENCH

A

True

36
Q

What is an example of the second type?

Conversion

A

Aleutian Islands, Alaska

37
Q

What is the third type of convergent boundary?

A

A continental plate colliding with another continental plate

38
Q

What is a collision zone?

A

A place where folded and thrust faulted mountains form.

39
Q

What is an example of a folded mountain?

A

Himalayas, or Rockies

40
Q

What happens when the rock is squeezed from the Stress of Compression?

A

A Reversed Fault

41
Q

What is a reverse fault?

A

Rock is forced upward as it is squeezed.

42
Q

How is the rock broken at Transform Boundaries?

A

Rock is pushed in two opposite directions (or sideways, but no rock is lost)

43
Q

What is this stress called?

A

Shearing

44
Q

What happens after Transform Boundary?

A

May cause earthquakes when the rock snaps from pressure
Or Faults like the San Andreas Fault in California.

45
Q

What happens when the rock is sheared (or “cut”) from the Stress of Shearing?

A

A strick-slip fault
Rocks on each side of the fault slip past each other as they break.

46
Q

True or False: Shearing means a force causing deformation by slippage along a plane

A

True

47
Q

Transform boundaries run like what?

A

Trains run past ecah other in different directions and it causes the ground to shake.

48
Q

Check the pictures on every slide and study them well

A

Do It!!!!!!!!!!!!!

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