Resp Viruses Flashcards
responsible for summer “cold and flu” resp infections and undifferentiated fevers
enteroviruses
___ complications of parainfluenza virus infections common in young,
may progess to ___
lower respiratory conplications
Croup
basic clinical features influenza
self-limited 3-7 days
secondary bacterial infections cause of death:
strep pneumo
staph a.
haemophilus influenzae
subacure scleorising panencephalits in measels infection
CNS - personality
behavior
memory changes
myclonic jerks
spasticity
blindness
(drugs)inhibit uncoating by blocking M2 proteins
amantadine
rimantidine
temperature sensitivity rhinovirus
grows better at 33 than 37
pharyngocojunctival fever in adenovirus infection
red eyes
sore throat
febrile
vaccine adenovirus
not for public (type 4 and 7 in works)
virus morphology picorna
+RNA non-enveloped
pathogenesis influenza
infects ciliated epithial cells
replication destroys resp epithelium
cytotoxic T cell - mediated damage
(viremia does NOT play a major role)
vaccine respiratory syncytial virus
natural infection does not prevent re-infection
re-infection especially risky in elderly
emerging resp viruses isolated to bats > pigs > humans in australia and Asia
hendra virus
nipah virus
dates and transmission H5N1
2003-Junly 2014
does not transmit easily among people
household poultry or contaminated environment
adenovirus disease sequale
acute resp disease
pneumonia
pharyngoconjunctival fever
conjunctivitis
GI
hemorrhagic cystitis (bladder inflam)
treatment for respiratory syncytial virus
healthy infant
premature/immunocompromised infant
premature infants
healthy - supportive O2, fluids, nebulized cold steam
**premature or immunocomp: **aerosolized ribavirin
**premature infants: **passive immunisation with anti-RSV Ig and humanized monoclonal abx
vaccines metapneumovirus
none (or therapies)
virus morphology orthomyxo and paramyxo viruses
-RNA,
enveloped
influenza A, B C, virus morphology and family
orthomyxoviridae
segmented -RNA
enveloped
atypical measels presentatoin
intense rash
vesicles, petechiae, prupura, or urticaria
vaccines Rhinovirus
none
antibodies against future influenza infections are specific for
epitopes on hemagglutinin
neuraminidase proteins
most common cause of death in children with measles
pneumonia
symptomology MERS-CoV
severe pneumonia and renal failure
still birth
nosocomial infections possible
post measles encepahlitis
headache
confusion
vomitng
coma after rashi disapates
metapneumovirus vs RSV
RSV milder, severe disease only in infants, elderly, immunocompromised
parainfluena virus serotypes most likely to cause Croup
Type 1 an d 2
infects everyone by age 2
respiratoy syncytial virus
metapneumovirus ID’d via
RT-PCR
virus morphology corona virus
+RNA
enveloped
vaccine Coronavirus SARS
none
influenza (drugs) inhibit release of progeny influenza virus (neuraminidase inhibitors)
Zanamivir
Oseltamivir
SARS viral class
coronavirus
influenza ___ only undergoes minor antigenic changes (drift)
B
rare complications of influenza
myositis and cardiac involvement
guillain Barre
encephalitis
reye syndrome
symptoms EV-D68 enterovirus
severe resp infection
wheezing (higher risk in asthatmatic)
difficulty breathing
(otherwise ill-defined)
coronaviruses limited to
upper RT (invects epithelial cells)
infection time for parainfluenza viruses
fall and winter
disease states parainfleunza viruses
type 1-4
type 1 Croup
type 2 Croup
type 3 bronchiolitis in small infants
type 4 - mild disease
location in RT MERS-CoV
lower resp tract (victims with higher viral loads)
clinical consequences of respiratory syncytial viral infection
Children < 1
Children
Adults+older children
bronchitis, pneumoia, fever cough dypsnea and cyanosis
**children: **febriel rhinitis and pharngitis
**adults+older children: ** common cold
ideal temperature coronaviruses
33-35
disease state resp syncytial virus
localized RT infection - no systmemic sprea
airway blockage in infants virused induced CPE includes syncitia (giant cells,) induction of cytonkines
respiratory syncytial virus mechanism of airway blockade in infants,
virus induced CPE includes syncitia (multinucleated giant cells)
induction of inflammtory cytokines
transmission route SARS coronavirus
source
face-to-face
source: bats, asian animal markets
Rhinovirus ___ resistant to uncoating prevention drug mechanisms
rhinovirus C
diseases caused by coronaviruses
common colds
dates and transmission H7N9
october 2 2014
does not transmit easily among people
all children infected by age 5
metapneumovirus
vaccine for parainfluenza viruses
none
clincical conseuquneces of measels infections
cough
conjunctivitis
coryza
complications - otitis media, croup, penumonia
(maculopapular rash, photophobia, koplic spots)
treatment for severe adenovirus infections in immunocompromised
cidofovir
infects humans, bats, camels
does not transfer person-to-person readily
MERS-CoV
