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Renal/Resp > Head Neck Path > Flashcards

Head Neck Path Flashcards

1
Q

sequence of development of squamous cell carcinoma

A

hyperplasia

dysplasia (progressive pleomorphism, hyperchromasia, nuclear size, nucelar/cytomplasmic ratio) (increasing risk with increasing dysplasia)

carcinoma

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1
Q

tissue type posterial nasal cavity and sinuses

A

ciliated psuedo stratified columnar

submucosa: sermucinous glands, thickwalled vessels, mixed inflamm cells

septum = cartilage and lamellar bone

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1
Q

gland with no lymph nodes, drains to oral cavity

A

submandibular

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1
Q

candidiasis

A

white plaque-like psuedo membrane

scraping > erythamatous base

fungal hypahae attached to mucosa

silver stain

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1
Q

squamous papilloma

A

soft fingerlike appearance in lingual, labial, buccal, and larynx epithelia, papillary hyperplasia of squamous mucosa with fibrovascular cores

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1
Q

Salivary glands

epithelial ductal cells

myoepthelial cells

mesenchymal compoeents - mxoid, hyaline, chondroid

A

pleomorphic adenoma

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2
Q

most common carcinoma of OC

A

squamous cell carcinoma

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4
Q

leukoplakia

A

white patch caused by epidermal thickening or hyperkeratosis

cannot be scraped off

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4
Q

localization nasopharyngeal carcinoma

A

northern african

China and SE Asia

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4
Q

pathology and associations sjorgream syndrome

A

associated with other autoimmune

anti-SS-B and SS-A

lymphocyte inflitration of glands with eventual gland destruction

mikulicz disease (benign lymphoepithelial lesion)

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6
Q

morphology minor salivary glands

A

unencapsulated

throughout OC

variable - mixed, mucoinous or serous

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7
Q

common sites of metatasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma

A

regional lymph nodes (submental, cervical)

lung, liver, bone, mediastinal lymph nodes

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8
Q

microscopy warthin tumor

A

bilayered oncocytic (pink) epithelail cells and lymphocyte proliferation

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9
Q

HPV serotypes associated with sqaumous cell carcinoma

other associations

A

serotypes 16 and 18

tobacco and alcohol

family history

erythroplakia (common)

leukoplakia

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9
Q

major and minor salivary glands

perinerual ivasion

cribiform architecture (sieve)

A

adenoid cystic carcinoma

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10
Q

sqaumous papilloma association, infection site and gross appearance

A

HPV

soft fingerlike appearance in lingual, labial, buccal, and larynx epithelia

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10
Q

gross and microscopic appearnace schneiderian papillmomas

A

proliferations from schneiderian membrane - nasal mucosa of ciliated columnar cells

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10
Q

histo Mucoepidermoid carcinoma

A

parotid and minor salivary glands

squamous, muscous, and intermediate cells

squamous cells with mucin vacuoules

nests of cells with pink cytoplasm,

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11
Q

most common salivary gland tumor

most common malignant

A

pleomorphic adenoma

mucoepidermoid carcinoma (maligant)

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13
Q

parotid and minor salivary glands

squamous, muscous, and intermediate cells

squamous cells with mucin vacuoules

nests of cells with pink cytoplasm,

A

mucoepidermoid carcinoma

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14
Q

oral cavitiy candidiasis clinical appearance, microscopy

A

white plaque-like psuedo membrane

scraping > erythamatous base

fungal hypahae attached to mucosa

silver stain

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14
Q

gross appearance and microscopy rhinosinusitis

complications?

A

edamtous nasal mucosa

enlarged turbinates

mixed inflamm infiltrate, edema, thickened basement membrane

complication = polyps

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14
Q

multinucleated cells with intranuclear viral inclusions, multinucleation, molding, margination herpes somatitis

A

herpes somatitis

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15
Q

location, demographics olfactory neuroblastoma (estheisionneruoblastom)

A

superal and lateral olfactory mucosa of nose

50 years median age

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16
Q

smaller nests invading below basement membrane

deep pink whirling keratin

possible invasion to skeletal muscle

perineural invasion > difficult ressection and recurence

A

squamous cell carcinoma

17
Q

lorder of likelihood of maligancy in salivary glands

A

sublingual pervasively malignant

minor salivary glands

submandibular glands

partoid gland tumors more rarely malignant

18
Q

location, gross and microscopic appearance franchial celft cyst

A

2nd branchial pouch, anterior border of SCM

thin walled, filled with cheesy mucoid material

squamous lining, lymphoid tissue

resembles metastic squamous carcinoma!

19
Q

typical disease course nasopharyngeal carcinoma

A

grow silently until unressectable

local and distant metastasis

21
Q

imunnohistochemistry markers for olfactory neuroblastoma

A

neurondocrine markers - synaptophysin, chromogranin

22
Q

histo non-keratinizing nasopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma

A

undifferentiated

lympoepithelial carcinoma - numerous lymphocytes between tumor cells oscuring epithelial cohesive derivation

(sheets of blue lymphocytes wiwth larger carcinoma cells)

24
Q

symptomology olfactory neruoblastoma

A

epistais

nasal obstruction

headache

25
Q

common location of squamous cell carcinoma

A

tounge and floor of mouth

26
Q

association schneiderian papillomas

A

HPV 6 and 11

28
Q

presentation sjogren syndrome

A

(sicca syndrome)

dry mouth (xerostomia)

dry eyes (keratoconjunctivitis)

30
Q

3 categories schneiderian papillomas

A

Exophytic

inverted

oncocytic

31
Q

Red granular area with/without elevation, poorly defined boundries

A

ethroplakia

32
Q

cellular makeup of major salivary glands

A

parotid - serous glands (sides)

submandibular glands -mainly serous and mucinous (mixed)

lublingual gland - mainly mucinous, serous (mucinous midline)

34
Q

appearance and histo adenoid cystic carcinoma

A

major and minor salivary glands

perinerual ivasion

cribiform architecture (sieve)

35
Q

squamous cell carcinoma histology

A

same at any site

smaller nests invading below basement membrane

deep pink whirling keratin

possible invasion to skeletal muscle

perineural invasion > difficult ressection and recurence

36
Q

thyroglassal duct cyst lined with

histology

A

lined with repsiratoyr or squamous epithelium

thyroid tissue in wall of cyst

37
Q

most common infection of OC

causes

A

candidiasis

dentures

Diabetes M

steroids/antibiotic therapy

widespread cancer

imunnosuppression

38
Q

HPV strains associate with non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma

A

17, P16 IHC

(HPV proteins E6 and E7 inactivate p53 and Rb)

38
Q

undifferentiated

lympoepithelial carcinoma - numerous lymphocytes between tumor cells oscuring epithelial cohesive derivation

(sheets of blue lymphocytes wiwth larger carcinoma cells)

A

nasopharyngeal non keratizing squamous cell carcinoma

40
Q

epithelial dysplasia = proliferation of ___ cells

A

proliferation of immature basal cells

41
Q

histology olfactory neuroblastoma

A

uniform cells with round nuclei and scant cytoplasm

salt and pepper chromatin

neuroscretory granules

rossets or pseudoorsets

41
Q

Exophytic

or

inverted

or

oncocytic

A

schenederian papilloma

42
Q

white patch caused by epidermal thickening or hyperkeratosis

cannot be scraped off

A

leukoplakia

43
Q

typical course olfactory neuroblastoma

A

locally invasive

metastasizes widely

5 year survival 50-70%

45
Q

pathogenesis/appearance herpes somatitis

A

intraepithelial edema > clear fluid vesicle > rupture > ulcer

47
Q

cellular makeup of acinar ductal unit + cell types

A

serous: basophilicc, zymogen granules

mucinous - clear, mucin

myoepithelal cells - acini, intercalated ducts

48
Q

histo nonkeratining squamous cell carcinoma

A

proliferation of basal cells in sheets (vs nests)

brown staining showing inactivation of pathway leading to increased P16 iHC protein

49
Q

gross appearance vocal cord nodules and polyps

A

nodules = bilateral on opposing surface of middle third of vocal cord

polyps - single in ventricle or reinke’s space

grossly smooth and round

50
Q

herpes stomatitis microscopy

A

multinucleated cells with intranuclear viral inclusions

multinucleation, molding, margination (3Ms)

52
Q

demographics neoplasms of salivary glands

A

adults, slight female predominance

benign 5-7th decade

maligancies later

54
Q

cellular components of peleomorphic adenoma

A

epithelial ductal cells

myoepthelial cells

mesenchymal compoeents - mxoid, hyaline, chondroid

55
Q

2nd branchial pouch, anterior border of SCM

thin walled, filled with cheesy mucoid material

squamous lining, lymphoid tissue

resembles metastic squamous carcinoma!

A

branchial cleft cyst

56
Q

most common location of laryngeal carcinoma

other locations

A

glottis (diagnosed early)

supraglottic or inflraglottic

spread - with hemoptyisis or dysphagia

57
Q

warthin tumor

A

restricted to partoid

bilateral

papillary cystic change

59
Q

erythroplakia

A

Red granular area with/without elevation, poorly defined boundries

60
Q

associations nasopharngeal carcinoma

A

EBV infection

salted fish diet

smoking

heriditary

61
Q

proliferation of basal cells in sheets (vs nests)

brown staining showing inactivation of pathway leading to increased P16 iHC protein

A

non keratining squamous cell carcinoma

62
Q

erythroplakia, leukoplakia associated with

risk of malignancy?

A

associated with epithelial displasia (more so erthroplakia)

5-25% risk in leukoplakia

50% risk in erythroplakia

Renal/Resp (43 decks)

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