Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

A & P II Lecture > Reproductive System Part B > Flashcards

Reproductive System Part B Flashcards

1
Q

what are the female gonads?

A
  • ovaries
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

ovaries

what is the function of ovaries?

A
  • make female gametes (ova)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

ovaries

what is the shape of ovaries and where are they located?

A
  • ovaries are paired structures that flank the uterus and are almond shaped
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

ovarian follicles

what are ovarian follicles?

A
  • tiny saclike structures inside the cortex of ovaries
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

ovarian follicles

what do ovarian follicles contain?

A
  • contain immature eggs (ocytes) encased by 1 or more layers of cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

ovarian follicles

what happens each month to a ripened follicle?

A
  • each month a ripened follicle ejects oocyte (this is ovulation)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

how oocyte is carried from ovary to uterine tube

how is an ovulated oocyte carried from the ovary to the uterine tube?

A
  • ovulated oocyte is not directly carried from the ovary to the uterine tube as the uterine tube system doesn’t have direct contact with the ovaries
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

how oocyte is carried from ovary to uterine tube

what happens to the ovulated oocyte after it is released from the ovary?

A
  • the ovulated oocyte is released into the peritoneal cavity, where some oocytes never make it to the uterine tube system
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

uterine tube

what is the function of the uterine tube/fallopian tubes?

A
  • uterine tube/fallopian tubes receive the ovulated oocyte and are the usual site of fertilization
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

uterine tube

how many regions does the uterine tube have?

A

3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

uterine tube

what are the 3 regions of the uterine tube?

A

1.) infundibulum
2.) ampulla
3.) isthmus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

uterine tube

in which region does fertilization usually occur?

A
  • occurs in the ampulla region of the uterine tube
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

position of uterus

what is the name for the anatomical position that the uterus normally sits in?

A
  • anteverted
  • means inclined forward in its normal position
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

uterine prolapse

what is uterine prolapse?

A
  • occurs when the unsupported uterus sinks until the tip of the cervix sticks out of the vaginal opening
  • caused by overstretching or tearing of the muscles from childbirth
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

3 Layers of Uterine Wall

what are the 3 layers of the uterine wall?

A

1.) perimetrium - the outermost layer
2.) myometrium - made of muscle
3.) endometrium - made of mucosal lining and has 2 sublayers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

3 Layers of Uterine Wall

what is the function of the perimetrium?

A
  • the outermost layer of the uterine wall
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

3 Layers of Uterine Wall

what is the myometrium made of?

A
  • made of muscle and is responsible for contractions during labor and delivery
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

3 Layers of Uterine Wall

what is the endometrium made of?

A
  • made of mucosal lining and is the innermost layer of the uterine walls
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

3 Layers of Uterine Wall

what are the 2 sublayers of the endometrium?

A

1.) stratum functionalis (functional layer)
2.) stratum basalis (basal layer)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

3 Layers of Uterine Wall

what is the function of the stratum functionalis (functional layer)?

A
  • to change in response to ovarian hormones and shed during menstruation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

3 Layers of Uterine Wall

what is the function of the stratum basalis (basal layer)?

A
  • to form new stratum functionalis after menstruation
  • does not respond to ovarian hormones
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the process for the formation of female gametes called?

A

The process for the formation of female gametes is called oogenesis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

oogenesis

When does oogenesis begin?

A

Oogenesis begins during fetal development.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

oocyte & follicles

What is the relationship between oocytes and ovarian follicles?

A

Oocytes mature inside and are nourished by ovarian follicles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

oocyte & follicles

What is the functional unit of the ovary that encloses a single oocyte?

A

Ovarian follicle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

oocyte & follicles

What are the stages of development that ovarian follicles go through?

A

The stages of development that ovarian follicles go through are primordial follicle, primary follicles, secondary follicles, and mature follicles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

oocyte & follicles

What type of oocyte is found in a primordial follicle?

A

Primordial follicle has primary oocytes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

oocyte & follicles

What type of oocyte is found in a mature follicle?

A

Mature follicle has a secondary oocyte in meiosis 2.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

oocyte & follicles

How does the growth and maturation of ovarian follicles support the growth and maturation of oocytes?

A

The growth and maturation of ovarian follicles support simultaneous growth and maturation of the oocytes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

oocyte maturation

what is #1

A

fetal development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

oocyte maturation

what is #2

A

oogonium stem cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

oocyte maturation

what is #3

A

mitosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

oocyte maturation

what is #4

A

primary oocyte
(begins meiosis 1, pauses in prophase 1)

34
Q

oocyte maturation

what is #5

A

puberty

35
Q

oocyte maturation

what is #6

A

finishes meiosis 1

36
Q

oocyte maturation

what is #7

A

1st polar body

37
Q

oocyte maturation

what is #8

A

secondary oocyte

(enters meiosis 2, paused in metaphase 2)

38
Q

oocyte maturation

what is #9

A

ovulation

39
Q

oocyte maturation

what is #10

A

secondary oocyte (ovulated)

40
Q

oocyte maturation

what is #11

A

2nd polar body

41
Q

oocyte maturation

what is #12

A

if successful fertilization, finishes meiosis 2

42
Q

oocyte maturation

what is #13

A

ovum

43
Q

oocyte maturation

what is #14

A

zygote

44
Q

maturation of ovarian follicle w/ oocyte

what is #1

A

primary oocyte

45
Q

maturation of ovarian follicle w/ oocyte

what is #2

A

pridromal follicle

46
Q

maturation of ovarian follicle w/ oocyte

what is #3

A

primary oocyte

47
Q

maturation of ovarian follicle w/ oocyte

what is #4

A

primary follicle

48
Q

maturation of ovarian follicle w/ oocyte

what is #5

A

primary oocyte

49
Q

maturation of ovarian follicle w/ oocyte

what is #6

A

secondary follicle

50
Q

maturation of ovarian follicle w/ oocyte

what is #7

A

secondary oocyte

51
Q

maturation of ovarian follicle w/ oocyte

what is #8

A

mature follicle

52
Q

maturation of ovarian follicle w/ oocyte

what is #9

A

corpus luteum

53
Q

maturation of ovarian follicle w/ oocyte

what is #10

A

if no fertilization, corpus alibicus

54
Q

maturation of ovarian follicle w/ oocyte

what is #11

A

if successful fertilization, secretes hormones to support zygote until placenta develops

55
Q

ovarian cycle

What is the typical length of an ovarian cycle?

A

The typical length of an ovarian cycle is around 28 days.

56
Q

ovarian cycle

How many phases are there in the ovarian cycle and when does ovulation occur?

A

There are two phases in the ovarian cycle, and ovulation occurs between them.

57
Q

ovarian cycle

What is the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle, and when does it occur?

A

The follicular phase of the ovarian cycle is the period of vesicular follicle growth, and it occurs from day 1 to day 14.

58
Q

ovarian cycle

What is the luteal phase of the ovarian cycle, and when does it occur?

A

The luteal phase of the ovarian cycle is the period of corpus luteum activity, and it occurs from days 14 to 28.

59
Q

female reproductive cycle

What are the two cycles involved in the female reproductive cycle?

A

The two cycles involved in the female reproductive cycle are the ovarian cycle and the uterine (menstrual) cycle.

60
Q

female reproductive cycle

What is the ovarian cycle?

A

The ovarian cycle is a series of events in the ovaries that occur during and after the maturation of the oocyte.

61
Q

female reproductive cycle

What is the uterine (menstrual) cycle?

A

The uterine (menstrual) cycle is a concurrent series of changes in the uterine endometrium preparing it for the arrival of a fertilized ovum.

62
Q

hormone regulation

what is the 7 hormones?

A

1.) GnRH (gonadotropin releasing hormone)
2.) FSH (follicle stimulating hormone)
3.) LH (luteinizing hormone)
4.) Estrogen
5.) Progesterone
6.) Relaxin
7.) Inhibin

63
Q

hormone regulation

What is GnRH and what is its function?

A

GnRH (gonadotropin releasing hormone) stimulates the release of FSH and LH.

64
Q

hormone regulation

What is the function of FSH?

A

FSH (follicle stimulating hormone) initiates follicular growth.

65
Q

hormone regulation

What is the function of LH?

A

LH (luteinizing hormone) promotes the formation of corpus luteum and triggers ovulation.

66
Q

hormone regulation

What is estrogen and what are its functions?

A

Estrogen is a hormone that plays a role in the development and maintenance of reproductive structures. Depending on the level of secretion, it can have either an inhibitory or stimulatory effect on GnRH, LH, and FSH.

67
Q

hormone regulation

What is progesterone and what are its functions?

A

Progesterone helps to prepare the endometrium for implantation and the mammary glands for milk production.

68
Q

hormone regulation

What is relaxin and what is its function?

A

Relaxin is a hormone that relaxes the uterus.

69
Q

hormone regulation

What is inhibin and what is its function?

A

Inhibin is a hormone that inhibits the secretion of FSH and LH.

70
Q

female reproductive cycle

What are the four phases of the female reproductive cycle?

A

The four phases of the female reproductive cycle are menstrual phase, preovulatory phase, ovulation, and postovulatory phase.

71
Q

female reproductive cycle

What events occur in the ovaries during the menstrual phase?

A

During the menstrual phase, FSH causes primordial follicles to develop and primordial follicles develop into primary follicles and then into secondary follicles.

72
Q

female reproductive cycle

What events occur in the uterus during the menstrual phase?

A

During the menstrual phase, there is a decrease in estrogen and progesterone, and the arterioles constrict resulting in the stratum functionalis not having a blood supply, causing it to slough off.

73
Q

female reproductive cycle

What events occur in the ovaries during the preovulatory phase?

A

During the preovulatory phase, one follicle outgrows all the others.

74
Q

female reproductive cycle

What events occur in the uterus during the preovulatory phase?

A

During the preovulatory phase, estrogen increases to build the endometrium back up.

75
Q

female reproductive cycle

What events occur in the ovaries during ovulation?

A

During ovulation, the mature follicle releases the secondary oocyte out of the ovary.

76
Q

female reproductive cycle

What events occur in the uterus during ovulation?

A

During ovulation, there is continued regrowth of the stratum functionalis.

77
Q

female reproductive cycle

What events occur in the ovaries during the postovulatory phase?

A

During the postovulatory phase, the remnant of the mature follicle becomes the corpus luteum.

78
Q

female reproductive cycle

What events occur in the uterus during the postovulatory phase?

A

During the postovulatory phase, it depends on whether there is implantation, which is the successful fertilization of the secondary oocyte.

79
Q

menopause

What is menopause and when does it occur?

A

Menopause occurs when menses have ceased for 1 year.

80
Q

menopause

What causes the physical changes associated with menopause?

A

Declining estrogen levels cause physical changes, including atrophy of reproductive organs and breasts, irritability and depression, hot flashes, thinning of skin and bone loss, increased blood cholesterol level, and decreased HDL.

A & P II Lecture (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions