Blood Vessels/Circulatory Part C

Question 1

what is tissue perfusion?

Answer 1

• blow flow through body tissues
• delivery of blood to our tissues

Question 2

what are the 4 important functions os tissue perfusion?

Answer 2

1.) delivery of oxygen/nutrients/removing waste from tissue
2.) gas exchange (lungs)
3.) absorbing nutrients (digestive tract)
4.) urine formation (kidneys)

Question 3

rate of blood flow is controlled by ___________ & __________ control factors

Answer 3

extrinsic & intrinsic

Question 4

rate of blood flow

explain extrinsic control

Answer 4

• coming from nervous system & hormones (very global, influence on whole body)
• nervous system
• hormones
• originates from outside of the organ of the tissue

Question 5

rate of blood flow

explain intrinsic control (local)

Answer 5

• also called auto/self regulation (local control of adjusting blood flow)
• arterioles (local)
• originates from inside organ or tissue

Question 6

control of blood flow

redistribution of blood flow can happen during ____________

Answer 6

exercise

Question 7

control of blood flow

explain what happens to blood w/ intrinsic controls

Answer 7

skeletal muscle arterioles dilate to increase blood flow to muscle

Question 8

control of blood flow

explain what happens to blood w/ extrinsic controls

Answer 8

decreases blood flow to other organs such as kidneys & digestive organs

Question 9

what is vasomotion?

Answer 9

intermittent blood flow through capillaries (capillary bed)

Question 10

capillary exchange of gas/nutrients

in capillaries, molecules pass by ___________ between blood & interstitial fluid

Answer 10

diffusion

Question 11

capillary exchange of gas/nutrients

molecules use 4 different routes to cross capillaries, what are they?

Answer 11

1.) diffuse directly through endothelial membranes
2.) pass through intercellular clefts
3.) pass through fenestrations (if substance too big for clefts uses fenestrated capillaries)
4.) active transport by pinocytotic vesicles (substance inside vesicle to be sent through)

Question 12

the vascular system has 2 main circulations, what are they?

Answer 12

1.) pulmonary circulation
2.) systemic circulation

Question 13

describe pulmonary circulation
short or long?

Answer 13

• short loop
• runs from heart to lungs & back to heart

Question 14

describe systemic circulation
short or long?

Answer 14

• long loop
• goes to all parts of body & back to heart

Question 15

there are important _____________ between systemic arteries & veins

Answer 15

differences

Question 16

what are the 3 main differences between arteries & veins

Answer 16

1.) arteries run deep, veins both deep & superficial
2.) venous pathways are more interconnected
3.) brain & digestive system have unique venous drainage sysyems