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Step 1 stuff > Renal Tubules, drugs > Flashcards

Renal Tubules, drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Reabsorbs 67% of fluid and electrolytes filtered by glomerulus

A

Proximal Tubule

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2
Q

concentrates urine

A

collecting duct

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3
Q

site of secretion of organic anions and cations

A

proximal tubule

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4
Q

always impermeable to water

A

thick ascending limb

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5
Q

permeable to water only in presence of ADH

A

late distal tubule, collecting duct

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6
Q

Site of Na/K/2CL cotransporter

A

thick ascending limb

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7
Q

site of isotonic fluid reabsorption

A

proximal tubule

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8
Q

site responsible for diluting urine

A

thick ascending limb

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9
Q

site where glucose and amino acids are reabsorbed

A

proximal tubule

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10
Q

water reabsorption in loop of Henle

A

thin descending limb

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11
Q

Mannitol: mechanism

A

osmotic diuretic

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12
Q

Mannitol: location of action

A

PCT

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13
Q

Mannitol: toxicity (2)

A

pulmonary edema

dehydration

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14
Q

Mannitol: uses (3)

A

Shock, drug overdose, high ocular/cranial pressure

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15
Q

Acetazolamide: mechanism

A

Carbonic anydrase inhibitor; causes NaHCO3 diuresis, reduction in total-body HCO3- stores

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16
Q

Acetazolamide: location of action

A

PCT

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17
Q

Acetazolamide: toxicity (4)

A

hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis
neuropathy
NH3 toxicity
Sulfa allergy

18
Q

Acetazolamide: uses (4)

A

Glaucoma
Urinary alkalinization
metabolic alkalosis
altitude sickness

19
Q

Furosemide: mechanism

A

Inhibits Na/K/2Cl cotransporter

20
Q

Furosemide: location

A

Loop of Henle, thick ascending limb

21
Q

Furosemide: toxicity (6)

A 
Ototoxicity
Hypokalemia
Dehydration
Allergy (sulfa)
Nephritis (interstitial)
Gout
22
Q

Furosemide: uses (3)

A

Edema
HTN
Hypercalcemia

23
Q

Ethacrynic acid: mechanism

A

Phenoxyacetic acid derivative, same as furosemide

24
Q

Ethacrynic acid: location

A

Loop of Henle; thick ascending limb

25
Q

Ethacrynic acid: 6 toxicities

A 
Ototoxicity
Hypokalemia
Dehydration
Allergy (sulfa)
Nephritis (interstitial)
Gout
26
Q

Ethacrynic acid: use

A

diuresis in sulfa-allergic patients

27
Q

Hydrochlorothiazide: mechanism

A

Inhibits NaCl reabsorption

28
Q

Hydrochlorothiazide: location

A

early distal tubule

29
Q

Hydrochlorothiazide: toxicities (7)

A 
Hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis
hyponatremia
hyperglycemia
hyperlipidemia
hyperuricemia
hypercalcemia
sulfa allergy
30
Q

Hydrochlorothiazide: uses (4)

A

HTN
CHF
Idiopathic hypercalciuria
Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

31
Q

Spironolactone/Eplerenone:mechanism

A

K sparing diuretic; competitive aldosterone receptor antagonist

32
Q

Spironolactone/Eplerenone: location

A

cortical collecting tubule

33
Q

Spironolactone/Eplerenone: toxicities (2)

A

hyperkalemia

endocrine effects

34
Q

Spironolactone/Eplerenone: uses (3)

A

hyperaldosteronism
K depletion
CHF

35
Q

Triamterene/Amiloride: mechanism

A

K sparing diuretic; block Na channels

36
Q

Triamterene/Amiloride: location

A

CCT

37
Q

Triamterene/Amiloride: toxicity

A

Hyperkalemia

38
Q

Triamterene/Amiloride: uses (3)

A

hyperaldosteronism
K depletion
CHF

39
Q

Captopril/Enalapril/lisinopril: mechanism

A

ACE inhibitor

40
Q

Captopril/Enalapril/lisinopril uses (3)

A

HTN
CHF
Diabetic renal disease

41
Q

Captopril/Enalapril/lisinopril: toxicity (10)

A 
Cough
Angioedema
Proteinuria
Taste changes
hypOtension
Pregnancy problems (fetal renal damage)
Rash
Increased renin
Lower angiotensin II
hyperkalemia

Step 1 stuff (36 decks)

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