Bacterial Toxins

Question 1

TSST-1: organism

Answer 1

S. aureus

Question 2

TSST-1: toxin type

Answer 2

superantigen

Question 3

TSST-1: effects

Answer 3

toxic shock syndrome: fever, rash, shock

Question 4

Scarlet fever-erythrogenic toxin: organism

Answer 4

S. pyogenes

Question 5

Scarlet fever-erythrogenic toxin: effects

Answer 5

toxic shock-like syndrome

Question 6

Scarlet fever-erythrogenic toxin: toxin type

Answer 6

superantigen

Question 7

C. diptheria toxin: mechanism

Answer 7

ADP ribosylating A-B toxin: inactivates EF-2

Question 8

C. diptheria toxin: effects

Answer 8

pharyngitis, pseudomembrane in throat

Question 9

V. cholerae toxin: mechanism

Answer 9

ADP ribosylating A-B toxin: ribosylation of G protein upregulates adenylyl cyclase

Question 10

V. cholerae toxin: effects

Answer 10

H2O moves out of cell: rice-water diarrhea

Question 11

E. coli heat labile toxin: mechanism

Answer 11

ADP ribosylating A-B toxin: stimulates adenylate cyclase

Question 12

E. coli heat labile toxin: effect

Answer 12

rice-water diarrhea

Question 13

E. coli heat stable toxin: mechanism

Answer 13

ADP ribosylating A-B toxin simlates guanylate cyclase

Question 14

E. coli heat stable toxin: effect

Answer 14

Rice water diarrhea

Question 15

B. pertussis toxin: mechanism

Answer 15

ADP ribosylating A-B toxin: inhibits Galpha1, increases cAMP

Question 16

B. pertussis toxin: effects

Answer 16

Whooping cough

lymphocytosis

Question 17

alpha toxin: organism

Answer 17

C. perfringins

Question 18

alpha toxin: effect

Answer 18

gas gangrene

Question 19

C. tetani toxin: mechanism

Answer 19

blocks release of GABA and glycine

Question 20

C. tetani toxin: effect

Answer 20

lockjaw

Question 21

C. botulinum toxin: mechanism

Answer 21

blocks release of Ach

Question 22

C. botulinum toxin: effect

Answer 22

anticholinergic symptoms, flaccid paralysis

Question 23

Edema factor: organism

Answer 23

B. anthracis

Question 24

Edema factor: mechanism

Answer 24

adenylate cyclase

Question 25

Shiga toxin: mechanism

Answer 25

cleaves host rRNA, inactivates 60S ribosome, enhances cytokine release

Question 26

Shiga toxin: effect

Answer 26

HUS

Question 27

Streptolysin O: organism

Answer 27

S. pyogenes

Question 28

Streptolysin O: mechanism

Answer 28

hemolysin

Question 29

Streptolysin S: organism

Answer 29

S. pyogenes

Question 30

Streptolysin S: mechanism

Answer 30

hemolysis

Question 31

Erythrogenic/pyrogenic toxins: organism

Answer 31

S. Pyogenes

Question 32

Erythrogenic/pyrogenic toxins: effect

Answer 32

skin rash and fever of scarlet fever

Question 33

alpha toxin of S. aureus: effect

Answer 33

hemolysis

Question 34

beta toxin of S. aureus: effect

Answer 34

sphingomyelinase

Question 35

proteins A, B, and C of gamma-toxin of S. aureus: effects

Answer 35

A and B: hemolysin | B and C: leukocidin

Question 36

hemolysin of S. aureus: effect

Answer 36

hemolysis

Question 37

leukocidin of S. aureus: effect

Answer 37

destroys leukocytes

Question 38

enterotoxins A-E of S. aureus: effect

Answer 38

food poisoning, vomiting and diarrhea

Question 39

epidermolytic/exfoliative toxin of S. aureus: effect

Answer 39

epithelial cell lysis, scalded skin syndrome