Antibiotic mechanisms, uses

Question 1

Block cell wall synthesis by inhibiting peptidoglycan cross-linking (4)

Answer 1

-cillins, imipenem, aztreonam, cephalosporins

Question 2

Block peptidoglycan synthesis (2)

Answer 2

bacitracin

vancomycin

Question 3

Disrupt bacterial cell membranes

Answer 3

Polymixins

Question 4

Block nucleotide synthesis (2)

Answer 4

Sulfonamides

Trimethoprim

Question 5

Block DNA topoisomerases

Answer 5

Fluoroquinolones

Question 6

Block mRNA synthesis

Answer 6

Rifampin

Question 7

BLock protein synthesis at 50s ribosomal subunit (5)

Answer 7

Chloramphenicol
Macrolides
Clindamycin
Streptogramins
Linezolid

Question 8

Block protein synthesis at 30S ribosomal subunit (2)

Answer 8

Aminoglycosides

Tetracyclines

Question 9

Penicillin: uses (4)

Answer 9

Gram positive cocci
Gram positive rods
gram negative cocci
Spirochetes

Question 10

Penicillinase-resistant penicillins: use

Answer 10

Staph aureus (not MRSA)

Question 11

Ampicillin, amoxicillin: uses (6)

Answer 11

H influenza
E. coli
Listeria monocytogenes
Proteus mirabilis
Salmonella
enterococci

Question 12

Ticarcillin, carbenicillin, piperacillin: use

Answer 12

gram - rods (pseudomonas)

Question 13

1st gen cephalosporins: uses (3)

Answer 13

Proteus, E. Coli, Klebsiella

Question 14

2nd gen cephalosporins: uses (7)

Answer 14

H influenza, Enterobacter aerogenes, Neisseria, Proteus mirabilis, E. Coli, Klebsiella, Serratia marcescens

Question 15

3rd gen cephalosporins: use

Answer 15

serious, beta-lactam resistant gram negatives

Question 16

4th gen: uses (2)

Answer 16

Pseudomonas, gram-positive organisms

Question 17

Tetracyclines: use

Answer 17

V cholerae
Acne
Chlamydia
Ureaplasma
Urealyticum
M pneumonia
Tularemia
H pylori
Borrelia burgdorferi
Rickettsia

Question 18

Vancomycin: use

Answer 18

serious, gram+ multidrug resistant organisms

Question 19

Aminoglycosides: use

Answer 19

severe g- rods, use with beta lactams

Question 20

Chloramphenicol: use

Answer 20

meningitis

Question 21

Fluoroquinolones: main uses (2)

Answer 21

UTIs, GI infections

Question 22

Metronidazole: uses (6)

Answer 22

Giardia
Entamoeba
Trichomonas

Gardnerella vaginalis
Anaerobes,
h Pylori

Question 23

Isoniazid: use

Answer 23

mycoplasma tuberculosis prophylaxis

Question 24

Isoniazid: mechanism

Answer 24

decreased synthesis of mycolid acids

Question 25

Rifampin: mechanism

Answer 25

Inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase